Shaoxing has a long history, many celebrities, beautiful scenery and rich products. Known as the "hometown of cultural relics and land of plenty", it is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. According to legend, in the Xia Dynasty more than 4,000 years ago, Dayu sent a letter to Shaoxing twice to control water and level the soil and water, so there is still Yuling Scenic Area. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, established Shaoxing as the capital, and once became the political and cultural center of eastern China. Jizhou, the capital of the Han Dynasty, was renamed Wuzhou in the Sui Dynasty, Yuezhou in the Tang Dynasty and Shaoxing House in the Southern Song Dynasty, which has continued to this day. Shaoxing has outstanding people, and many famous politicians, revolutionaries and writers have emerged in history, such as Qiu Jin, Lu Xun, Cai Yuanpei and Zhou Enlai.
Many works by Lu Xun, a great literary master, reflect the strong local color of Shaoxing culture. From Hundred Herbs Garden to San Tan Yin Yue, from fennel in Kong Yiji to social drama in Hometown, Lu Xun's hometown complex can be seen everywhere. Visiting Shaoxing may be a nostalgic trip of Lu Xun's culture. Standing by the river, you can see boatmen in small felt hats and children playing with silver collars. When you step into Xianheng Hotel, you can try authentic fennel beans. Go back to the countryside and watch a traditional social drama. ...
Shaoxing is such a famous water city with strong local color. On the boat trail, the clear water is crystal clear, stone bridges are flying, canoes are shuttling, there are 1.900 kilometers of rivers and more than 4,000 bridges, which constitute a typical water town scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. The East Lake Bridge sets each other off, and the water is brighter than the sky; 50% off the waterfall of Wuxiexi Spring; Ke Yan scenery, fantastic; Lanting is famous as a calligraphy resort with Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection. Shen Yuan lamented the love tragedy between Lu You and Tang Wan. In addition, there are Xiandao in the Tang Dynasty, Liuling in the Southern Song Dynasty, Stone Arch Bridge in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Shaoxing customs associated with it, represented by Wu Pengchuan, black felt hat and black dried vegetables, which have accumulated rich cultural connotations in thousands of years of historical evolution and presented unique local charm, which makes people amazed.
Build:
In the twenty-fifth year of the King of Qin (the first 222 years), Huiji County was established, and the county ruled Wu (now Suzhou). In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shihuang (2 10 BC), he toured the east to Huiji and changed Da Yue to Yin Shan, hence the name of Shanyin County. In the first year of Wu Huanglong (22 * * * * Yin Shan belonged to Huiji County. After that, Shanyin County will not become Huiji County. Chen Houzhu (583 ~ 589) analyzed Shanyin County, established Huiji County, and juxtaposed Shan County and Huixian County, which was the beginning of city governance (said in Yongding period). In the ninth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (58 * * * * abandoned, Shangyu, Yongxing and Suning counties, and entered Huiji County. In the seventh year of Tang Wude (62*****), Huiji County was re-established as Shanyin County. The following year, he abandoned Yin Shan and entered Huiji County, where he stayed for two years (68***** Fu Shanyin County. In the second year of Dali (76 * * * * due to the secretariat of Xue and training, Shanyin County was merged with Huiji County. In seven years, Shanyin County was restored due to the performance of the secretariat Chen Shaoyou. In the sixth year of Yuanhe (81* * * *), Shanyin County was removed and merged into Huiji County. Ten years later, Shanyin County recovered. Shanyin County has been abandoned for seven times in the more than 250 years since the end of the Southern Dynasties. Yuanhe was restored in ten years, and Shan and Hui counties were juxtaposed, which was stable for a long time and belonged to Yuezhou. Jian Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty lasted for three to four years (1129 ~113 * * * * Emperor Gaozong was temporarily stationed in Yuezhou, with Yin Shan as the temporary capital. The following year, Shaoxing was renamed Shaoxing House, hence its name. Yinshan and Huiji County belong to it. In the 13th year of Yuan Dynasty (12 * * * *), the governor's office of Zhejiang Province was built, Shaoxing Road was abandoned, and Shanhui was still its county. Zhu Yuanzhang changed Shaoxing Road to Shaoxing House in the year of Bingwu (13 * * * *), and the affiliation remained unchanged. Clear reasons, clear system. In the 11th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (18***** The Taiping Army captured Shaoxing House, and Yin Shan and Huiji counties belonged to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In the second year of Tongzhi (18 * * * * the Qing army regained Shaoxing, and the two counties of Shan and Hui were under the jurisdiction of restoration. Xuantong was divided into two counties in the third year (19 * * * *), and the succession was extended to August, and the two counties handed over the seal files to the government. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 * * * *), Shaoxing prefecture was revoked, and the original Yin Shan and Huiji counties were changed to Shaoxing counties, which were under the jurisdiction of Zhejiang military government. In three years, Huiji Road was established between provinces and counties, and Shaoxing County was subordinate to it. Sixteen years, waste road, Shaoxing county is a province. In twenty-four years, Shaoxing administrative supervision area was established between provinces and counties, and Shaoxing county was subordinate to it. The following year, Shaoxing County is under the third administrative supervision area, which consists of several districts. In April of 30 years, the Japanese army was trapped in Shaoxing, and the county government moved to Wangtan, Jiangcun and Qiucun successively, and the decree was only in Longhui and Jidong townships. In June, Shaoxing City established the Pseudo-Township Federation, and in June of the following year, the Pseudo-Shaoxing County Government was established, which is the pseudo-fifth organization. In August of thirty-four years, the puppet regime collapsed. In thirty-seven years, the third administrative supervision area was reorganized into the second administrative supervision area, and Shaoxing County was subordinate to it.
1949 Shaoxing was liberated on may 7, and the Shaoxing county people's government was established on June 6. It belongs to the tenth organization in Zhejiang Province. 10, Shaoxing County, set in Huiji County. Shaoxing City (county-level) was established in the urban area. 165438+ 10 was changed to Shaoxing Commissioner's Office, which was subordinate to two counties and one city. 1950 In May, Shaoxing City and Huiji County were abolished and merged into Shaoxing County. In September, the city was analyzed, and Shaoxing (county level) moved, and the affiliation remained unchanged. 1952 65438+ 10, the provincial capital of Shaoxing county. February 1953, changed to Ningbo District Commissioner's Office. 1958 February, Shaoxing county merged with the city to become Shaoxing county. 1962 1 month, analyze the urban area and reset Shaoxing city. 1September, 964, Shaoxing District Commissioner's Office was restored, and Shaoxing County was under its jurisdiction. 198 1 March, Shaoxing county was transformed into Shaoxing city (county level). 1* * * In July, Shaoxing area was cancelled, Shaoxing city (prefecture level) was established, and Shaoxing county was restored. (The first edition of Shaoxing County Records was completed)
natural environment
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Shaoxing is located on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, at the northern foot of Huiji Mountain, with the latitude of 29 42' 02 "~ 3019'15" and the longitude of12016' 55 "~ 65438".
The tail of Huiji Mountain is divided into two branches, which extend to the south and west of the county in southwest-northeast direction, forming rugged low hills and valleys, covering an area of 757 * * * * square kilometers, accounting for 50.76% of the total area of the county. In the area, the mountains are continuous, the mountains are dangerous, the mountains rise strongly, the terrain is deep and broken, and the water source is short and urgent. Generally, the altitude is between 300-400 meters, and the highest Luojiajian is 747 meters, which extends about 5- 10 km to the south of Xiao Yong Railway, and the altitude drops to about 20 meters, connecting with numerous alluvial fans and alluvial plains in the north-central part, with a slope of15-25, which is greater than 25. The landform types are complex, which can be divided into four categories: valley between hills, low hills, high hills and low mountains, mainly including Xialu, Xingtang, Julie, Lanting, Pingshui, Xie Shi, Xiaoshun Valley, Wangtan and Pingshui Basin. This kind of valley basin has small area, narrow ridge, fast water flow, high gravel content and obvious soil alluvial. There are large slopes and terraces at the junction with the water network plain, especially in Julie, Lanting, Nanchi, Potang, Jiuli and Shangjiang. The slopes are all below 10, and the soil layer is deep, which is suitable for farming. There were frequent agricultural reclamation activities in the Neolithic Age, and now most of them are planting cash crops such as tea, mulberry and fruit and dry grain fields, which occupies an important position in Shaoxing's agricultural history.
The plain area of water network in central and northern China covers an area of 572 * * * square kilometers, accounting for 38.33% of the total area of the county. Except for sporadic igneous residual hills, they are all formed by alluvial, siltation and marine accumulation. Flat terrain, with an average elevation of 6-7 meters. Occasionally, the height of solitary hills and residual hills generally does not exceed 200 meters. Rivers crisscross in the middle, lakes are scattered all over the place, and farmland is cut into large and small fields, which is called "water village". Near the narrow strip in the north of the ancient seawall, the terrain is low and flat, with an average elevation of 4.5 meters, few rivers and narrow water surface, which is a transitional zone to the coastal beach. Known as shanhui plain in history, it was originally a shallow swamp with tides. The global ice age was submerged by seawater. 6,000 years ago, Julie and Heping Water were the junction of hills and coasts, and the seawater was directly directed here.
Around 2 1 century BC, the sea began to recede and the coast moved northward. After the retreat, the coastline has been almost modern. Due to the rich sediment source, shallow water gradually expands and becomes a swamp infested by salt tides. "Guanzi Shuidi" said that "the overflowing water is heavy and turbid, so its people are stupid and sick". About 3,000 years ago, the residents of Yue nationality moved northward from the inside of Huiji Mountain, and began to cultivate alluvial fans at the foot of the mountain where salt tide could not reach, as well as some large isolated hills and nearby slopes on the plain, thus forming the alluvial plain in the middle.
At the beginning of the 5th century BC, the state of Yue moved its capital from the southern foot of Huiji Mountain to the swamp plain. After similar reclamation in modern times, a large amount of cultivated land was created under the alluvial fan at the northern foot of Huiji Mountain.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, northerners moved south, and the development of lakes and moors accelerated. By the middle of the 2nd century A.D., Jianhu Lake had been built, and 9000 hectares of fertile land had been opened under it. The construction of seawalls and the network of rivers and lakes have also been accelerated. In the second year of Tang Dynasty (686), Yin Shan and Xiaoshan Wulijietang were built; In kaiyuan 10 (72 * * * * Li Junzhi, magistrate of Huiji County, presided over the construction of Shanhui seawall. After ten years of Dali (77 * * * and six years of Yamato (83*****), the seawall with a total length of 100 was formed from Shangyu in the east and Yin Shan in the west, and the Shanhui Plain was fully formed. Up to now, there are 226 natural villages named after Huan, Hu, Dai, Qiao, Jiang, Shu, Qin, Tang, blasphemy, weir, shore, port and Pu in the 6 10 natural villages in the central and northern water network plain, accounting for 34%, showing a unique landscape of water towns.
The tidal flat in the northeast coastal plain is flat, and the artificial water system is criss-crossed, with an altitude of about 5 meters. The total area of the region is162 * * * square kilometers, accounting for 10.9 1% of the total area of the county. 67.4 square kilometers have been reclaimed, and the supratidal zone or intertidal zone has yet to be developed. Supported by the tidal bore of Qiantang River and Cao 'e River, the north bank is constantly eroded and the south bank is gradually silted. During the period from Yongle to Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1403 ~ 1620), the main channel of Qiantang River moved northward, and the beaches of Shanhui County bulged outward. Some people spontaneously grow cotton, melons, beans and rice. During Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (1851~186 * * *), it became the second sandy land in the west of Sanjiangkou, covering an area of more than 40,000 mu. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the tidal flat once extended to Hangzhou Bay for more than 20 miles, and there were reclamation areas such as Mopanqiu and Tofu Fan. Since then, due to the wandering of the south channel of Qiantang River, a large area of tidal flat has collapsed and was completely lost on the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1969, organized large-scale artificial reclamation began. To 199 1, 10 for land reclamation, and 66.3 square kilometers of land were obtained (from 1993 10 to1"Jiusan Mountain" in April 1994).
Minerals:
metallic minerals
Iron ore is distributed in Julie area in the southwest, with 5 magnetite, 65,438+0 iron-sulfur ore and 65,438+0 iron-zinc ore. According to the data of 1986, the proven reserves are 876 million tons, accounting for 72.6% of the province's proven reserves.
The ore bodies of skarn deposits are veined, lenticular, layered and lentil. Magnetite is the main mineral, followed by sphalerite, limonite, pyrrhotite, hematite, pyrite, galena and arsenopyrite, accompanied by chalcopyrite and specularite; Gangue minerals include chondrite, diopside, tremolite and garnet. Such as Ruhuajie magnetite, Xinqiao iron-sulfur mine and Xiewu iron-zinc mine.
The ore bodies of medium-low temperature hydrothermal deposits are controlled by staggered faults or distributed in veins, and there is no fixed shape. The ore mineral is mainly magnetite, followed by hematite, and the gangue mineral is timely. Such as Li Ao in Pingshui Garden and magnetite in Shangyangtan.
Layered skarn deposit. The ore bodies are layered, layered and veined. Ore minerals include magnetite, hematite, pseudohematite, limonite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and chalcocite. Gangue minerals include garnet, diopside, phlogopite, serpentine, chlorite and epidote. Such as Julie magnetite.
The ore bodies of the medium-temperature fissure-filled deposit are irregular veinlets. The main minerals are magnetite, occasionally specularite and hematite. Gangue minerals include quartz, sericite and chlorite. For example, Majiadi magnetite in summer.
Molybdenum ore is only found in Tangwu area of Zhulifeng, which belongs to sedimentary transformation type, and the ore body is layered, lenticular and veined. The ore consists of molybdenite, nickel-arsenite, phlogopite, sericite, chlorite, serpentine, epidote, calcite and timing.
There are eight copper mines, five types. According to the data of 1986, the proven reserves are 390,900 tons, accounting for 69.9% of the province's proven reserves.
Medium-low temperature hydrothermal deposits are mostly veinlets and veinlets disseminated. The ore minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, chalcocite and bornite, and the associated elements are yttrium, titanium and nickel. The ore contains 0.22 ~ 2.38% copper. There are Lanting Huangxian County, Pingshuijiang Baihetang and Taohong Copper Mine. Volcanic eruption deposits are layered or lenticular, and the ore minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, sphalerite and pyrite, accompanied by magnetite and galena. Copper content is 0.35 ~ 4.74%. Such as Pingshui Qiu Xi and Liuliao Copper Mine.
Skarn-type deposits are layered and lenticular, dominated by chalcocite and malachite, followed by chalcopyrite and azurite. 0.3-0.59% copper. Such as Lanting Yellow Wandering Copper Mine.
Medium-temperature hydrothermal deposit, the ore mineral is mainly copper-bearing pyrite, and the ore body is vein-shaped, with copper content of 0.5 ~ 1.2%. Such as Nanchi Mayuanli copper mine.
The medium-temperature hydrothermal copper-molybdenum ore body is parallel vein and veinlet disseminated, and the ore minerals are composed of molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and magnetite. For example, Majiadi copper mine in summer.
In the two lead-zinc mines, the ore bodies are mainly lenticular, followed by irregular veins. The ore minerals are mainly galena and sphalerite, and the ore grade is pb0.76~20.37%.
There are two polymetallic mines with a reserve of 26,000 tons.
Skarn-type polymetallic ore bodies are layered and lenticular, mainly including sphalerite, chalcopyrite and galena. The Huizaotou polymetallic deposit in Lanting Town belongs to this area.
Polymetallic ore bodies are dominated by irregular veins, and a single vein is formed by intermittent connection of multiple lenses. The ore mineral is sphalerite, followed by galena and chalcopyrite, accompanied by pyrite; The ore grade is lead 0. 17 ~ 10.80%, zinc 0. 16 ~ 17.50%, copper 0. 16 ~ 1.5% and silver 32. The Dajiaoling deposit in Nanchi belongs to this area.
There are 0/9 precious metal mines/kloc-,almost all of which occur in the old strata on both sides of the Jiangshao fault. Most of them are controlled by fault structures and fracture zones and related to volcanic hydrothermal solution, with a total reserve of 3. 14 tons.
The mesothermal gold deposit in Heshan, Jiangzhen, Pingshui occurs in the form of veins and lenses, and gold occurs in the form of particles between Yingshi, pyrite and mica sheets. Gold content is 7.24× 10-6.
* * * * * metamorphic hydrothermal gold deposits occur in gold-bearing quartz veins or altered rocks, and are lenticular, veined and layered. Mainly gold, containing 0.1~19.78×10-6au. Tianyi Temple in Pingshui Town, Shi Qi, Zhupu 'ao, Zhongao, Guanshan, Kongwu 'ao, Wild Boar Nest, Pingshui River Beach, Hujiata in Nanchi and Mao Qin all belong to this area.
Medium-low temperature hydrothermal gold deposits include Dayanmao in Shangzao and Mayuanli in Nanchi. Ore bodies occur in gold-bearing quartz veins.
Medium-low temperature hydrothermal fissure gold deposit, the ore body occurs in the quartz vein and the NW-trending silicified fracture zone. The gold content is 0.04 ~18.3×10-6. The mineralization point of Xingtang belongs to this area.
Gold deposits in gold-bearing quartz vein or gold-bearing silicified fracture zone include northwest of Daqiaotou in Pingshui Town, Jin 'ao in Shangzao Town, Baijia in Jianhu Town, North of Qinwang Mountain and Mayuanli Reservoir.
There are two kinds of rare metal niobite and one kind of niobium-containing anatase, which belong to mineralization points in alkaline-acid intrusive rocks. Magmatic niobite, mineralized granite body extending northeast or micro-lenticular, the ore mineral is niobite, and the gangue minerals are mainly syenite, potash feldspar, albite, plagioclase and sericite. Yifeng Mountain and Wanhu Mountain in Fusheng Town belong to this place.
Niobium-bearing anatase occurs in Yanshanian porphyry veins in groups, and the ore minerals are niobium anatase and xenotime. Anatase containing niobium 155***** g/ton. Fu Sheng Zhenmiaoqianshan Mine belongs to this area.
Non-metallic ore
Fluorite, phosphate rock, potash ore, kaolin, porcelain stone, pyrophyllite, potash feldspar, mica, graphite, etc. 16.
Two fluorite deposits, Longtangang in Fu Sheng Town and Wanghua Zhu Xia, are veined and filled with low-temperature hydrothermal fractures. Longtangang fluorite is pink, purple and white, with a small amount of grayish black and grayish green; I hope fluorite is green, white and a little purple. Contains time, clay and calcite. The reserve is 39,000 tons.
Phosphate is located in the southeast wing of Xiejiaqiao-Yicun anticline, which belongs to sedimentary type, and the ore body is layered and lenticular. Phosphorus nodules can be seen on the surface.
Potash deposit is located in the northeast end of Jiashan-Mocheng anticline, which belongs to sedimentary type and layered, and the ore minerals are mainly hydromica and muscovite. The reserve is 9.24 million tons.
Kaolin is composed of Lanting Huang Zhen Wandering, Shanghuizao, Xiejiaqiao and Huajie, all of which are of low-temperature hydrothermal metasomatism type. It is formed by weathering of Shi Ying porphyry dikes or porphyry dikes, and it is veined. The ore minerals are mainly kaolin, which belongs to acid clay, gray-white silty soil and sandy structure. The strongly weathered soil is milky white soil, which has good adhesion, plasticity and combustion performance. If the weathering degree is poor, use it after polishing.
There are four porcelain stone mines in Fusheng Town: Yifeng Mountain, Fang 'ao Mountain, Catfish Mountain and Huajie, which are weathered, veined or layered. The ore minerals are silty, aphanitic felsic or composed of alkali feldspar and Yingshi. It is formed by weathering or alteration of porphyry.
Pyrophyllite deposit is located in Dongpo, Qinwang, Pingjiang Town, which belongs to medium-low temperature hydrothermal filling type, lenticular block structure and grayish white.
Potash feldspar mine is located in Songkeng Village, Lanting Town, and belongs to granite porphyry type, which is massive and irregular. The ore minerals are mainly potash feldspar and plagioclase, and the gangue minerals are syenite, biotite and amphibole.
Fusheng Town has three mica mines: Beishan, Liangxi Changling and Shangjiang Huangshan. The first two places are pegmatite type, occurring in pegmatite veins of metamorphic rocks. The latter belongs to sedimentary metamorphic type, sandwiched in light schist-like timely sandstone and layered. The reserves are141* * * tons.
The graphite deposit is located in Gualin, Hongshan, and belongs to the fissure-filled deposit. Most of the sediments are veinlets or massive, and some are lenticular and located in the middle of the fracture zone. Graphite is fine scaly or aphanitic. Gangue minerals are timely.
The timely minerals are divided into two types: timely conglomerate and timely conglomerate. Reserves of 200 * * * ten thousand tons. Fu Sheng Zhenfang 'ao Yingshi Mine belongs to low-temperature hydrothermal fissure filling type, containing gangue and a small amount of feldspar and clay. The two sedimentary chronological deposits in Xiapushan and Fuquan Town of Jianhu Town are chronological conglomerates. Gray-yellow gravelly coarse sandstone mixed with white argillaceous shale and a lot of quartz sand conglomerate. The ore body is layered. Minerals mainly include quartz, feldspar, mica and a small amount of cement.
Dolomite mine is located in Xiewu, Lanting Town, which is sedimentary layered, mainly dolomite with a small amount of calcite.
Lanting Town, Xiewu, Shanghuizao, Huangwandering and Tangdi Caojia limestone mines belong to sedimentary type. Layered, gray-dark gray, brittle and hard, mainly composed of calcite.
Obsidian porphyry deposit is located in Fujiaao, Jijiang Township, and belongs to volcanic eruption type. Lenticular, layered output. The mineral composition is mainly glass-ceramics, more than 95%, with a trace of apatite and pearl structure.
Perlite mine is located in the piedmont of Jijiang Township, which belongs to volcanic eruption type, lenticular, black perlite, glassy luster, conchoidal fracture, and porphyritic crystals are neutral plagioclase and pyroxene; The matrix is mainly cryptocrystalline slender English.
The breccia tuff with undeveloped stone joints is a good building material, with more than 150 mining points.
Three granite mines: Jiulingxia, Yantao Yifeng and Daheshan. Granodiorite, syenite or pyroxene diorite occur as small rock plants. Grayish white, slightly light green, dark green or black, granular to fine columnar or medium columnar structure, block structure. The rejection rate is 30 ~ 40%.
mineral fuel
There are three kinds of stone coals, namely Julie, Potang and Potanglingxia, which are sedimentary layered, extending for 500 ~ 2,000 m, with a thickness of 1 ~ 4m and containing high-carbon siliceous shale. It appears in the soup and group. The calorific value is 902 ~ 1700 calories/gram, and the reserve is 4.73 million tons.
Peat includes Rongshan, Mengjiafeng, Yan Tao, Outangtou and? The five lakes are of Holocene lacustrine sedimentary type, layered and lenticular, with 1 ~ 2 layers visible. The thickness is 0.5 ~ 1 m, and there are also 1.5 ~ 3 m. Brown-red, black after oxidation. Mainly based on vegetation roots. The calorific value is 1047 ~ 4 128 calories/g. The reserves are1142,000 tons.
Natural gas resources were discovered in Jiazao Village, Dangshan Township, Xiaoshan City 1986, which is located on the south side of the ancient seawall. Since 1987, residents have used exploration boreholes to get gas for cooking, and the natural gas pressure is 3 kg/cm2. This drilling hole is one of the experimental areas set up in Ma 'an (Shaoxing) by Zhejiang Petroleum Exploration Department and Geological Research Institute to develop shallow natural gas. It is located at east longitude120 33' 22 ",north latitude 30 9'17", 230-370 meters away from the county seat, with the same geological conditions.
Natural disasters and abnormal natural phenomena
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196 1 to 1990, there were 34 floods in the whole county, which lasted for three days, with the daily maximum rainfall of 50- 100-300mm and the average rainfall for many years 1 above. Among them, there were floods 12 times in the county, accounting for 35%, floods 1 times in less than three years, floods 1 1 times in rainy season, accounting for 9 1.7%, and the rest were local floods.
Drought 196 1 ~ 1990 There were 33 droughts in China, including 27 droughts at all levels over 30 days, accounting for 82%. It happens once a year on average. 18 was a county-wide drought, accounting for 67%. 1967 continuous drought in autumn and winter, the drought in Sanjiangzha area continued 133 days, and 245,000 mu of late rice was affected.
Typhoon 196 1 ~ 1990 is affected by typhoon with rainfall ≥ 30mm 102 times, with an average of 3.4 times a year. 195 * * * at most 7 times. /KOOC-0/956 Typhoon/KOOC-0/2 August, the process precipitation/KOOC-0/76./KOOC-0/~/KOOC-0/96.4 mm, the wind force/KOOC-0/2 or more, and the maximum wind speed is 40 meters per second.
According to the observation from 1950 to 1980, there are 30 hailstorms in March 1 year, with an average of nearly1time a year.
Human population
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Distribution Before the Qing Dynasty, there was no data on population distribution. Until the period of Xuan Tong, the statistics of urban houses and township accounts were incomplete. Due to natural environment, economic conditions, living habits and other factors, the distribution is uneven: Chengtang Lane, which only accounts for 0.6% of the total area of the region, has a total population density of more than10%; Plain towns account for 40% of the total area and 60% of the total population; The hilly area accounts for about 59%, but only accounts for about 30% of the total population.
Density Shaoxing has always been a densely populated city, with a high population density and an upward trend. There are obvious differences between the north and the south: Shui Yuan in the north has a relatively developed economy and a dense population; In the low mountains and hills in the south, the economic development is relatively slow and the population is relatively sparse. Before the Qing Dynasty, there were records of population density in all counties. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 * * * * Yin Shan and Huiji were merged into Shaoxing County, and the population density was 593 per square kilometer. 17 years, 608 people. 21 years is 640. 568 people, 24 years. Thirty years is 6 1 1 person. In thirty-four years, because of the war, the number dropped to 430. 446 people in thirty-six years. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was a complete county annals.
In the history of mobile Shaoxing, there were several major population changes: in the 29th year of residence (468 BC, the first year of Zhou Pingjing), the State of Yue destroyed Wu and moved its capital to Langya, with a population of 30,000. From 27 to 37 years of Qin Shihuang (220 BC to 265438 BC+00 BC), Vietnamese migrated to western Zhejiang and southern Anhui. In the fourth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (119 * * * *), the residents of the Central Plains were moved to Huiji and other places. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty (Yongjia period), there was a war in the north, and the Jin family moved south. People from the Central Plains took refuge in Huiji and Yin Shan. Because of the Anshi Rebellion and the scattered residents, the population of counties in Yuezhou increased obviously. After the Jingkang Rebellion, the Song Dynasty moved south, and the population of Yin Shan and Huiji increased greatly. In the fifty-sixth year of Qingganlong (17 * * * * Shanyin population100 * * * Huiji population 266 * * * total 126 * * * *, the number of people increased dramatically. During the occupation, residents fled, from 24 years in the Republic of China (19*****,108 * * * *) to 197 * * * *, with 853 * * *, a decrease of 2/kloc-0. From 65438 to 0949, China People's Liberation Army went south, and nearly a thousand local cadres were embedded in the army.
water conservancy
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The reservoir area in China began at the time of Jian 'an. Nanchi, Wutang and Kuzhutang are all small reservoirs in early China. Huiyong Lake was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty, located at the mouth of Ruoyuexi River. It is a medium-sized lake, which is built by homogeneous earth dams and uses natural ridges for flood discharge. In the Ming Dynasty, Tangzhihu Lake was built to alleviate the floods in the Lvxia River and Xixiaojiang River.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), agricultural production developed and the collective economy grew. From the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, large-scale water conservancy construction appeared in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas, with 59 small and medium-sized reservoirs under construction, 465,438 ponds and 945 irrigation ponds, with a normal storage capacity of 56.4 million cubic meters.
The construction of seawalls began in Vietnam. More systematically, however, seawall buildings that have begun to take shape were first seen in New Tang Book Geography. Shou Lijun, Huang Fuwen, Ci, etc. All the seawalls have been "built", which shows that China did have seawall projects before the Tang Dynasty. The Records of Jiatai Huiji recorded Yinshan seawall as "Tang Jie" for the first time, which was 36 years earlier than Li Junzhi's addition and revision of Huiji to prevent seawall.
The seawalls in the county have experienced a long evolution process from south to north, gradually merging and scattered. In the Ming Dynasty, Jiajing Tang Shaoen built Sanjiang Gate, and the seawall became a line without much change. Until the late 1960 s, with the large-scale rise of the Yangtze River reclamation project, the seawall line moved northward rapidly. At present, the total length of China seawall is 88. * * * * kilometers, from Xiaoshaohaidi (domestic section) 18 * * * * kilometers and 69. * * * * kilometers of reclamation levee. The structure and construction technology of seawalls are also developing constantly. In the Song Dynasty, there were earthen ponds, firewood ponds and stone ponds, and in the Ming Dynasty, there were fish scale stone ponds and Dingyou stone ponds. During the period of the Republic of China, there appeared a slope pond with pulp block stones. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), ponds were built by manpower instead of machinery. The ability to resist tides and floods has been greatly improved. At present, the flood control standard of the first-line seawall, the slurry block stone revetment pond reaches the flood control standard of 50 ~ 100 years, and the riprap earth pond reaches the flood control standard of more than 20 years.
The sluice weir was abandoned in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Puyang River flowed out of the Sanjiangkou into the sea through the Qianqing River. The water conservancy situation in the plain has obviously deteriorated, and floods and droughts have increased dramatically. In the early Ming Dynasty, Dai Hu, Peng Yi and Zhang Huan successively built flat drag gates, built dams and ponds, and regulated rivers and lakes, which was slightly eased. However, due to the large-scale drainage hub project in Tianjin, which has no foundation, killing water potential and storing water, floods and droughts occur frequently and seawalls are built endlessly, which wastes people and money. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Tang Shaoen, the magistrate, complied with the people's wishes and built the famous ancient coastal sluice in China-Sanjiamen Gate. "Door Service Book" said that since then, "there has been a drought. Dry closed storage, field foot irrigation; Waterlogging will lead to drainage and crops will not be flooded. Sanyi people live and work in peace and contentment. "
The main outlet channel in the lower reaches of Qiantang River changes from south to north, and the sediment outside the Sanjiang sluice has increased since the Qing Emperor Kangxi, and the Sanjiang sluice has changed from the peak period of 1.30 years to the period of declining efficiency. Drought and flood control in plain areas is also very difficult. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), large and medium-sized drainage backbone projects such as Mashan sluice and Xinsanjiang sluice have been built one after another, and the water conservancy situation in Shaoxing Plain has changed, and drought and flood disasters have been well defended.
On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, many rivers and lakes in the territory collapsed and collapsed, and lakes were silted up, and floods could not be discharged smoothly, which was unbearable after a long drought. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, around the development of storage and discharge efficiency of rivers and lakes, the Tangba Reservoir with water storage and flood detention was built in the upper reaches with the principle of "upper storage and middle discharge". Comprehensively improve the sluice river in the middle and lower reaches and widen the river course; Construction of large, medium and small sluices along the coast. * * * Dredged 826.3 km of river course, demolished 580 water retaining bridges, and built revetment125 * * * km.
List of administrative divisions
* * Regional data as of September 2006; According to the Outline (2006), the population at the end of 2004 is. *
Shaoxing covers an area of 8,256 square kilometers and has a population of 4.33 million. Jurisdiction 1 municipal district, 2 counties and 3 county-level cities.
Yuecheng District covers an area of 338 square kilometers and has a population of 640,000. The postal code is 3 12000. Yan 'an Road, Tashan Street, District People's Government.
Zhuji has an area of 23 1 1 km2 and a population of 1.06 million. Postal code 3 1 1800. No.26 Hongqi Road, Jiyang Street, Municipal People's Government.
Shangyu covers an area of 1.427 square kilometers with a population of 770,000. The postal code is 3 12300. No.5, Shifu Road, Guanbai Street, Municipal People's Government.
Shengzhou covers an area of 177 1 km2 with a population of 730,000. The postal code is 3 12400. No.37, North Branch Road, Municipal People's Government.
Shaoxing county covers an area of 1 196 square kilometers with a population of 700,000. The postal code is 3 12030. County People's Government Ke Qiao Street Qunxian Road 166 1.
Xinchang county covers an area of 12 13 square kilometers with a population of 430,000. The postal code is 3 12500. County People's Government is located at Renmin Road 190.
General situation of Shaoxing
Toll area code: 0575
Postal code: 3 12000
Geographical location: It is located in the west of Ningshao Plain, with Huiji Mountain in Nanping, Qiantang River in the north, Hangzhou in the west and Ningbo in the east, with a total area of 7,950 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 1, 0 1 square kilometer.
Division: It now governs Yuecheng District, Shaoxing County, Xinchang County, Zhuji City, Shangyu City and Shengzhou City.
Population: 4.26 million, including urban population of 3 1 10,000.
Shaoxing celebrity list:
1: Lu Xun, formerly known as Zhou Shuren.
2. Qiu Jin is located in Gu Xuanting, Shaoxing City.
3. Cai Yuanpei, former president of Peking University.
4. Xu Wenchang, namely Xu Wei.
5: Zhou Enlai
6. History
7: Gou Jian, King of Yue
Shaoxing scenic spots:
1, Lu Xun's hometown
2. Jianhu
3. Lanting National Forest Park
4. Historical hometown
5. Ke Yan National Scenic Area
6. Wuxie Scenic Area