I-beams are mainly divided into ordinary I-beams, light I-beams and low-alloy light I-beams.
The flange section of ordinary I-beam and light I-beam is variable, with thick web and thin outer side. H-beam: the flange of H-beam, such as the section of HW HM HN HEA HEB HEM.
H-beam is also called wide flange I-beam, HW HM HN comes from European standard, and HEB is German standard I-beam, among which HW and HN I-beams have been widely used and produced in China. The hem of HEA·HEB can be seen on many German design drawings, but it is still difficult to buy in the domestic market. In domestic steel structure engineering, if the engineering quantity is small, steel plates with the same specifications can be used for welding and splicing. When the quantity is large, it is usually considered to replace it with HW and HN steel with equivalent mechanical properties.
HW I-beams are mainly used as steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame structures, also known as rigid steel columns. Mainly used for columns in steel structures.
The ratio of the height of HM steel to the flange width is about1.33 ~1.75, which is mainly used as steel frame columns in steel structures and frame beams under dynamic loads in frame structures. For example: equipment platform.
I-beams, whether ordinary or light, are relatively high and narrow in cross section, so the moment of inertia of the two main shafts of the cross section is quite different, and they can only be directly used for flexural members in the plane of their webs or composed of grid-like stress members. It is not suitable for axial compression members or bending members perpendicular to the plane of the web, which makes its application range very limited.
H-beam is an efficient and economical profile (there are other cold-formed thin-walled profiles, profiled steel plates, etc. Due to the reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can make steel more effective and improve the bearing capacity. Different from ordinary I-beams, the flange of H-beams is widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, which is convenient for connecting with other components with high-strength bolts. Its size composition series is reasonable, the models are complete, and the design and selection are convenient.