Donggang, Putuo District, Zhoushan City is a new city.

1. Demand and constraint of urban spatial expansion

1. Demand of regional integrated development

At present, the relationship between cities and regions is increasingly close, and the expansion of urban space is closely related not only to the development of cities themselves, but also to the regions on which cities depend.

From the municipal level, Zhoushan, as a port city in the Yangtze River Delta region, has achieved rapid social and economic development under the impetus of the rapid development of the Yangtze River Delta. The construction of Zhoushan Continental Link Island Project, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, Donghai Bridge and other large-scale projects not only communicated Zhoushan's land transportation links and realized Zhoushan's "Peninsula Dream", but also brought Zhoushan closer to the Yangtze River Delta region, especially to Ningbo and Shanghai, and the external transportation conditions were greatly improved, which brought new opportunities for Putuo District to give full play to its own advantages, develop tourism and integrate into the Yangtze River Delta. The development strategy of Zhoushan's urban space "northern production, southern life, eastern tourism and green center" will have a great impact on the future urban spatial layout. Zhoushan's overall development strategy of "prospering the city with port and building a garden city on the sea with beautiful scenery" will become the guide for the development of Donggang.

From the district level, the formation of a new urban spatial pattern in Putuo District and the development of Lujiazhi Island and the residential area in the north of the city have made the city break the "coastal strip" development urban pattern determined in the original plan; The development of industrial parks with Puxi Industrial Park as the core and the development of tourism services in shenjiamen and Lujiazhi Island have shifted the layout of urban industrial industries to the west, and at the same time, the layout of tourism service bases has moved from centralized to relatively decentralized. Donggang District, as an important area for the development of construction land in Putuo City, has strong integrity and plasticity, and has the potential to build a new coastal city center in Putuo.

From the perspective of Donggang District, with the improvement of the urban construction area of the first phase of reclamation in Putuo District and the completion of the administrative center and business center of the second phase of reclamation, it has laid a good foundation for the future development of Donggang.

2. Requirements of urban spatial expansion

Space is the carrier of urban development, and the economic activities of most cities will eventually be reflected in the urban land space. As far as Donggang New District, which is in the middle stage of development, is concerned, the urban space has experienced a period of steady expansion, and there is a demand and trend of outward extension.

(1) Overall demand for spatial development

According to the Zoning Plan of Donggang District, the planned area covers a total land area of 11.7 square kilometers, including 6.8 square kilometers in Donggang City.

the current construction of Donggang area includes seven villages on the hillside and along the mountain, and the first phase of reclamation in Donggang city, with a construction land area of about 2.1 square kilometers. The first phase of the construction of Donggang New District covers the section from Weiwu Road to Weijiu Road, as well as some blocks of hillside and Tangtou, with a planned total area of 1.83 square kilometers. The second phase of the project has basically formed a part of the built-up area, including road network, living and living, administrative office, business, culture and entertainment, sports, medical care, education and other facilities; The long-term planning and construction mainly includes the planning of the second-phase construction land and the third-phase construction land. The second-phase construction land covers the section between Weijiu Road and Weishi Road, as well as other blocks on the hillside and Tangtou, with a total area of 2.17 square kilometers. The third phase of construction land covers the section between Wei 12th Road and Wei 15th Road, with a total area of 1.25 square kilometers.

(2) Space demand of residential land

According to the Zoning Plan of Donggang District, Putuo District, Zhoushan City (2115-2121), the total population of this planning area is about 1.2 million, including 1.2 million in Donggang City, 1.8 million in hillside area and 1.2 million in Tangtou area. By the year 2111, the current total population is 55,111, which is consistent with the planned population in the near future.

Residential land has become an important carrier of residential function in Donggang city. In the future, the total residential land area of Donggang is 3,234,311 square meters, and the residential land accounts for 52.12% of the urban construction land in Donggang City, including 253,911 square meters of commercial and residential land.

(3) Space requirement of land for public service facilities

Planning public service facilities are arranged according to two levels: city and group, which is summarized as the structure of "one city center and five group centers". A center refers to the central area located in the south of the second phase, which integrates administrative office, culture and entertainment, business finance and tourism services. Five group centers refer to the supporting public facilities located in five residential groups. Public facilities are mainly arranged in the blocks around the business center, mainly for business, recreation, tourism, hotel services and other facilities, forming a comprehensive business district around the central green space. A secondary commercial center will be formed near Lianhua Mountain in the north, and commercial and recreational facilities will be arranged to serve the northern urban area of Donggang. A certain area of public facilities such as vegetable market, kindergarten, community service center and community hospital are arranged in the group center to meet the living needs of residents.

The business center of Donggang New District is located in the east of the central area and in the coastal area. It is the administrative center and commercial center of Putuo District. Its land for public service facilities includes administrative office, mixed administrative and commercial, commercial finance, cultural entertainment, medical and health care, with a land area of 48.76 hectares. In the second phase, the public service facilities of China Film Co., Ltd. assume the role of improving the urban functions of Donggang New District, including secondary schools, primary schools, hospitals, stadiums, long-distance bus stations, garbage transfer stations, bus yards, parking lots and farmers' markets, with a land area of 12.52 hectares.

(4) Spatial demand of construction land in hillside area

Although the hillside area is outside the scope of construction land in the overall urban planning, it is the marginal zone of the city. Should be unified analysis, overall development; Fully respect its natural terrain and environmental characteristics, and try to create an urban environmental landscape that communicates with nature; At the same time, the planning and design aims to create a pleasant environment suitable for residents to live and work. At present, the land that can be well utilized in the hillside area of Donggang is about 1.3885 million square meters, and the land that has been utilized at present is about 441,111 square meters.

The planning should fully consider the conditions and constraints of development within the current planning scope, and at the same time, reserve various possibilities of future development as much as possible, and use planning means to ensure various needs of future development from the aspects of road network structure, land layout, resources and ecological protection. It is planned to determine the land scale of hillside area as 2,173,411 square meters, of which the planned residential land is 764,211 square meters, accounting for 551% of the total land for construction in hillside area. The planned first-class residential land is 548,611 square meters, and the planned second-class residential land is 211,111 square meters; The planned land for urban public facilities is 1.2 million square meters. It accounts for 8.84% of the total land for construction in hillside areas; The planned green area is 211,111 square meters, accounting for 14.69% of the total urban construction land in the hillside area.

3. Constraints and Breakthroughs of Physical Geographical Environment

The natural topography of Zhoushan Island greatly restricts the expansion of urban construction land, and the plot is limited by natural conditions from northwest to southeast, showing a strip shape, which has the defect of low efficiency in the use of infrastructure. The supply of land is not only limited by topographic conditions, but also by meteorological conditions. Perennial strong winds and storm surges will have an adverse impact on the use of coastline to arrange natural ships to dock at ports and docks in this area. The coastline is about 21 degrees west of south, and the best building orientation is north-south. Therefore, the best building orientation in the area is near the sea but not the sea. Increase the technical difficulty of coastal architectural landscape organization and development of seascape residential areas; Compared with other islands' coastlines, it has no advantage in developing marine recreation, and it has the conditions of reclaiming land and developing residential groups with north-south orientation.

Putuo District is short of land resources. Under the national macro-control policy, land reclamation in Donggang City will break through the land policy constraints, alleviate the shortage of space and the contradiction between supply and demand of construction land, and provide development space for urban development. After reclamation in Donggang city, a deep-water coastline along the dike can be formed along the coast, which has the advantage of being close to the mountain and hydrophilic, creating conditions for diversified development of coastal cities.

therefore, how to integrate and optimize the urban resources, reasonably and effectively use the limited space resources in Donggang New District, and actively use and create the surrounding land suitable for construction while meeting the construction requirements of the new district constitutes the basic starting point for determining the spatial layout strategy.

2. Urban spatial development mode

1. Development ideas

(1) Meet new functions

Fully consider the environmental conditions for the development of Donggang area, tap and make full use of core space resources such as mountains and seashore and the tourism resources of Putuo Mountain, a Buddhist country near the sea, with the development of tourism and the construction of comprehensive service centers for administration, commerce, culture and sports, medical care, education and residence in Putuo District as the leading factor.

(2) Extending the flexible layout

Follow the principle of "being beneficial to the long-term development of the city" and adopt the "group-style" spatial model to form an elastic land use layout and an organic growth model, so as to adapt to the construction characteristics of reclamation and development in Donggang by stages, meet the demand and conform to the market. Pay attention to the continuity of development in Donggang District, and make the city grow organically.

(3) Follow ecological principles

Planning follows nature and gives priority to ecology. The west of Donggang area is near the mountain, and gullies are developed; Binhai in the east, facing Putuo Mountain Scenic Area across the mountain, has a good view. The planning implements the ecological-oriented guiding ideology and layout principles in the arrangement of water system, green space layout and land development.

(4) Shaping personalized urban landscape

Planning makes full use of coastal resources and uses urban design and layout techniques to create multi-level and rich urban landscape. Through the layout of the central square and central park, more coastal areas will be created to increase the development area of urban land space with high landscape value and enhance land value; Through the planning and layout of "wedge-shaped green space, strengthen the landscape connection of" sea, city and mountain "and form a landscape corridor; It is planned to lay out public buildings with high artistic taste along the seashore, so as to show the urban architectural art and enrich the coastal landscape; Preserve the natural interface between mountains and seas before reclamation, build a public green space, protect the ecology, provide a green opening space and meet the functional requirements.

2. Spatial structure

"One heart, two axes, three zones and multiple groups". "One Heart" refers to the public facility center located in Donggang City; "Two axes" refers to the two urban development axes located in Jingyi Road and Jinger Road; "Three Districts" refers to three planning and construction areas in the planning area, including Donggang City, hillside planning and construction area and Tangtou planning and construction area; "Multi-group" refers to multiple functional groups in the "Three Districts", including 5 in Donggang City, 3 in hillside area and 1 in Tangtou.

functional orientation and spatial development model

Donggang New District, as a modern, ecological and island-like multifunctional coastal new city integrating administration, culture, sports center, commercial sub-center and tourism service base, adopts a "group-like" spatial structure model to continue to play the radiation role of the central city and the coastal new district, alleviate the contradiction between living and transportation in the old city and effectively attract foreign residents; Accelerate the promotion and improvement of urban infrastructure and public service facilities, and carry out land transfer and regional construction in an orderly manner; Highlight the landscape elements of modern coastal cities, create a boutique image of the core area of the new urban area, and create a livable urban environment; Focus on planning and building the core business district of the landscape lake, do a good job in the preliminary work such as detailed planning of hillside areas and resettlement of indigenous people in different places, and basically form the urban function of Zhoushan as an important tourism service base and one of the business core areas.

3. Road system

National Highway p>329 passes through the central part of the city, east to Zhujiajian Island Island and west to the roundabout road; There are two roads connecting with shenjiamen in the south of the city; Tangluo Highway in the north is connected with the industrial zone in the north of the island.

With the northward expansion of Donggang City, two exits need to be added in the central and northern part of Donggang City, one is the road from Tangtou to the northern reclamation industrial zone, and a mountain tunnel is reserved in the north of Tangtou Village to connect with the highway around the island; The other is the connecting line between Hailian Road and the highway around the island.

Build the double track of Zhujiajian Island Bridge, and strengthen the traffic links between the northern part of Donggang City and the reclamation area in the northern part of Zhoushan Island and other urban groups through the roundabout highway.

in tangtou, the red line of the southern section of tangluo highway in the planning area is 18 meters, and the red lines of the central and northern sections are 12 meters and 11 meters.

The sea cruise route between Donggang City and Putuo Mountain and other tourist attractions in the "Haitian Buddha Country": the cruise terminal is arranged at the edge of the central area, and the fishing port terminal is arranged at the south side of Qilin Mountain.

Hailian Road in the western border of the planning scope is an important traffic trunk road, and the other two north-south trunk roads, Jinger Road and Jingsan Road, have the functions of life and landscape respectively; The highway connecting line around the island connected with Wei 11 Road is an important external traffic road in Donggang area. Weft 11 Road, Weft 11 Road, Weft 12 Road and Weft 13 Road in the east-west direction are important east-west connecting roads respectively.

Third, spatial strategic support

1. Accelerate the development of urban pillar industries

With the expansion of the construction scale of Donggang, the construction of business center, cultural center and commercial facilities in the district and the coordinated development with surrounding areas will become a dynamic urban area in Putuo District. This plan will take advantage of the coastline and the location characteristics of Putuo Mountain and Zhujiajian Island Scenic Area, and develop various forms of transportation links. As a tourist service area, Donggang should accelerate the development of the tertiary industry, with real estate, tourism and business services as its pillar industries.

Tourism is the most competitive advantage industry in Putuo District. According to the idea of "establishing the concept of grand tourism, integrating the advantages of resources, perfecting the tourism pattern, optimizing the tourism routes and enhancing the tourism taste of Putuo". In the future, the number of tourists and tourism taste will be greatly improved. It is required to improve the quantity and quality of regional tourism transportation facilities, service facilities and other corresponding facilities.

With a large number of people gathering and moving in, the living pressure in the old city is great, and the living population is rapidly spreading to Donggang city. The construction of high-quality residential quarters is the most popular pursuit at present, and real estate development will become the most important economic growth point of the new district, and at the same time, it will lay the foundation for forming a certain atmosphere of commercial service industry in the future.

2. Developing urban public space

Urban public space is the place of citizens' social life, the essence of urban substantive environment, the carrier of multi-culture and the source of unique charm. The overall quality of public space construction directly affects the comprehensive competitiveness of the city and the satisfaction of the public. Therefore, urban decision makers, builders and users all pay special attention to it.

All kinds of public spaces carry many functions, such as transportation, communication, rest, walking, viewing, fitness, entertainment, catering, exhibition, education, festivals and so on. Donggang New District will build urban public spaces such as Grand Theatre, Gymnasium, Park, Civic Square, Youth Activity Center and Neihu Business Circle, as well as pedestrian commercial street, pedestrian cultural street and pedestrian leisure street, and set up perfect service facilities in the pedestrian street area; Allocate enough public parking lots, closely connect the public spaces in the whole new area, fully reflect and give play to its openness, integration and communication, and improve the quality of life in Donggang New Area; And consider the neighborhood and community activities, properly develop or keep a compact small-scale, multi-functional mixed commercial and residential pedestrian community, so that people and activities are relatively concentrated and maintain a large density, which will certainly accumulate popularity and be full of vitality.

3. Shaping a characteristic coastal charming city

Donggang City is surrounded by mountains and faces the sea, and it is surrounded by reclamation.