The following is the discussion on architectural decoration design style and culture brought by Zhongda Consulting for your reference.
Facing the coming 21th century, China will usher in a prosperous period of high development of economy, information, science and technology and culture. The material and spiritual life of society will reach a new height, and correspondingly, people will put forward higher requirements for the quality of their living and production environment, such as safety, health, comfort and beauty. Therefore, it will be the task of our interior designers to design and create a modern indoor environment that is both scientific and artistic, can meet the functional requirements, has cultural connotations, and is people-oriented and reasonable.
exploration of style and culture
Mr. I.M. Pei, a famous architect, said, "Every building has to be designed individually, which is not only related to the climate and location, but also to the local history, people and cultural background. This is why buildings around the world still have their own unique styles. " The form of interior design style is the ideological trend of different times and regional characteristics, which has gradually developed into a representative interior design form through traumatic conception and performance. A typical style is usually closely related to local cultural factors and natural conditions, and it also needs to have the characteristics of conception and modeling in creation.
Although style is manifested in form, it has profound connotations such as art, culture and social development. From this deep meaning, style does not stay or is equivalent to form. The style of decorative design is often closely combined with the styles and schools of architecture and furniture, and sometimes it is based on the styles and schools of painting, plastic arts and even literature and music in the corresponding period.
in the practice of architectural decoration engineering for more than ten years, we have explored and studied the styles of the main decorative contents in engineering projects with different decorative contents, different geographical and humanistic environments, different functional needs, different styles and cultural connotations, while embodying artistic characteristics and creative individuality. Combining the external factors of style (national characteristics, social system, lifestyle, cultural trends, scientific and technological development, customs, religious beliefs, climate products and geographical location) with the internal factors of style formation (individual or group creative ideas, including the professional quality and artistic quality of creators), thus giving the designed decorative content an indoor environment with visual pleasure and cultural connotation, and making people living in high-tech and high-tempo modern society, Psychologically and spiritually, we will balance various styles (traditional style, modern style, post-modern style, natural style, mixed style, etc.) that reflect artistic characteristics and creative personality into the specific decoration projects we designed, and use material and technical means and architectural aesthetics principles to create an indoor environment with reasonable functions, comfort and beauty, which meets people's material and spiritual needs.
Here are some typical engineering examples, one is the Jiuhua Mountain Villa project in China's traditional style, and the other is the VIP Building of Longmen Mansion, a kind of protected building in European Art Nouveau style for nearly a hundred years, in order to summarize and analyze how to combine external factors and internal factors, style and culture in practice, so as to achieve the continuation and deepening of architectural design and create an ideal cultural atmosphere and a shocking and pleasant space.
Second, the experience in practice "Jiuhua Mountain Villa" decoration project (Beijing) In 1996, Jiuhua Mountain Villa International Health Club, located in Xiaotangshan Hot Spring Resort in Beijing, was located in Long Mai, which was the former residence of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, covering an area of 411,111 square meters. The building adopted the design style of royal gardens, the environment was quiet and elegant, and the five-star hotel management standard was adopted. It was a large-scale holiday paradise integrating health care, leisure and entertainment. Our company's construction is the core part of the whole Jiuhua Mountain Villa, commonly known as the "Five Great Halls".
The five main halls are composed of the main hall and four partial halls. The main hall is a single-eave mountain-resting type, and the architectural design is T-shaped. On the basis of the original architectural design, we adjusted the unreasonable functions and spatial organization. In the functional division, the main hall in the middle of the lobby is the central axis, the coffee area and the reception area at the main desk are divided into two sides, the multi-function hall is in the back hall, and the catering area and medical care area are in the left and right halls respectively, with clear lines and clear functions.
The interior decoration design follows the principle of organic combination of traditional architectural style and modern expression techniques in China, and with the feeling of historical continuity and regional context, the indoor environment highlights the image characteristics of the origin of national culture. We summarize and sort out the shapes and colors of traditional buildings, make the complicated carved beams and painted buildings symbolic, and let the ancient historical and cultural atmosphere flow faintly on the ground, ceiling and walls, so as to achieve communication through understanding. From this, we reconstructed the artistic image of the physical space and the virtual space with the beautiful association and strict statutes, and refined and processed the representation of lines in the traditional modeling, making it simple and straight. The concrete elements are treated and sublimated into abstract symbols. The mural standing on the main wall of the main hall facing the door shows the image combination of Xi and Nu Wa. It is cast in bronze and has a strong ancient style, which is in contrast with the smooth wall and attracts people's attention, reflecting the philosophical concept of "harmony between man and nature". The beams on both sides are pasted with Indian red stone slabs, and Gu Zhuo with beautiful images in ancient patterns is chiseled on the slabs. With the help of various decorative materials selected in the design, it has achieved a vivid effect through meticulous carving by craftsmen.
"Jiuhua Mountain Villa" decoration project is a successful work that we grasp the charm of traditional style and have a sense of the times. During the design and practice of this project, we realized that China's national culture and art pursue likeness, artistic conception, and express savings and mystery. In the profound world cultural heritage, we absorbed the "charm" of China's traditional style and culture, promoted Chinese culture, and organically combined modern design consciousness with traditional style. The pictures of this project were compiled into the large-scale album "Collection of Contemporary Architectural Decoration Works in China" sponsored by the Ministry of Construction, and participated in the first exhibition of architectural decoration achievements in China, which was compiled into the book "Selected Works of Architectural Decoration in China".
Historical evolution
The building was built in 1911 and completed in 1913. It was the Middle East Railway Hotel and the most luxurious hotel at that time. When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1914, it was once converted into a temporary field hospital. In 1915, he was the command of the Russian railway protection army. In 1916, it was the Russian consulate in Harbin. In 1917, it was changed to Tsar Russian Officers' Club. In 1921, it became the office building of the Council of the Middle East Railway Company. The first overhaul began in May, 1926, and was undertaken by the Public Works Department of the Middle East Railway Administration, and was completed in May, 1927.
In June, 1936, the building was overhauled for the second time after Manchuria Railway took over the Middle East Railway in p>1935. In June, 1937, it was renamed "Dahe Hotel" and officially opened. (At that time, Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun and Harbin in the three northeastern provinces were all called "Dahe Hotel") General Zhang Xueliang, Ai Xinjue Luo Pu Jie and other dignitaries once stayed here. In April 1946, the Northeast Democratic Allied Forces liberated Harbin, and most of the cadres who received the Northeast Railway lived here. In 1951, the building was placed under Harbin Institute of Military Engineering and became an expert building for Soviet military experts in China. In 1968, it was returned to Harbin Railway Bureau, initially as a railway hospital, and at the end of the same year, it was changed to a guest house of the Railway Bureau, and it was confirmed as a first-class protected building. In June, 1995, it was merged into Longmen Building.
in September, 1996, the third overhaul in history began, and our company was responsible for the design and construction tasks, and it was renamed as the "VIP Building" of Longmen Building. Based on the principle of protecting history, inheriting the context and creating the best products of the times, we have made this earliest luxury hotel in Harbin another measure taken by the Harbin municipal government to save key cultural relics (the restoration of Sophia church and the transformation of central street) and merged into the main theme of saving urban culture.
design measures
due to historical changes, the original technical data of the building have disappeared. We organized experts to survey the current situation of the building, comprehensively appraised the structural system and quality of the building, and formed a survey atlas and structural inspection report. The conclusion is: "The building has been in use for more than 91 years, and it is basically intact at present, and there is no fatal injury. In the future decoration project, except for local reinforcement and repair, the main structure basically does not need to be overhauled. It is expected that in the next 41 to 51 years. According to this conclusion, on the basis of our understanding of the original building, after repeated research and discussion, and invited experts to demonstrate, we think that this renovation and decoration should be very cautious, and we should strive to maintain the artistic style of the original building with respect for history and perfect function, earnestly carry forward the cultural connotation, and embody the design idea of "style restoration" to make it reproduce historical glory.
This building is one of a group of large-scale public buildings with Art Nouveau architectural style that appeared in Harbin in the early 21th century. The building is two stories high, one underground, with brick and wood structure. Yellow whitewashed walls, stone-like whitewashed pilasters, balconies, cornices, door and window covers, etc. are sandwiched with curves and patterns of the architectural features of Art Nouveau, cast iron patterns on the eaves of awnings, the entrance awnings of colored glass of steel frames, especially the tree-shaped supports connected with the awnings at the top of cast iron pillars, which are more obvious in the decorative techniques of the architectural features of Art Nouveau.
the development of human society, whether it is material technology or spiritual culture, has historical continuity. Tracing the times and respecting history are organically unified in terms of the essence of its social development. From the end of 2119 to the beginning of the 21th century, when the academic retro and eclecticism prevailed in Europe, a new architectural movement that tried to get rid of the shackles of the old tradition and create new forms has emerged. The Art Nouveau movement in Harbin has almost spread all kinds of buildings, so Harbin enjoys the reputation of "Moscow in the East" and "Little Paris in the East". This building, which was born in this environmental background, has gone through the vicissitudes of history, several changes and different functions, and some of them have changed beyond recognition.
this project design is based on the principle of combining science with artistry, paying equal attention to the sense of the times and historical context. While solving the problem of adding modern equipment and facilities such as central air conditioning, fire fighting and computer management to old buildings, it focuses on solving the contradiction between the space occupied by each system and maintaining the original years and styles and various artistic shapes, giving full play to the wisdom of designers, so that this difficult renovation project can successfully realize the combination of technology and art.
after consulting a large number of historical archives and knowing a few historical witnesses about different historical periods, we decided to restore the plane layout of the main public space during the second overhaul and reconstruction, that is, the period when Manchuria Railway took over the Middle East Railway in 1935 and changed it to "Yamato Hotel". Outdoor buildings keep their original features, and the damaged parts are repaired and whitewashed.
In the public space of the hotel, a considerable number of decorations and components with the characteristics of Art Nouveau have been preserved, such as cast copper turnstiles, stone fireplaces, wooden structures with European arch coupons, Siberian wood decorations with baroque features. Renaissance wooden doors and beautifully carved wooden components, gypsum relief patterns with great aesthetic value, metal cast stair handrails and Roman Doric columns. In the face of these objects, which are full of historical vicissitudes, these cultural heritages of human beings are different in appearance but attractive, which is amazing.
in order to achieve the overall design idea, in the construction, the damaged parts and the parts that need to be continuously adjusted are copied according to the original design method and made in strict scale, thus achieving the visual effect of confusing the fake with the real. Exquisitely carved gypsum patterns are rubbinged, and the original appearance is restored as much as possible. Under the guidance of the design idea of unified and harmonious overall decoration style, metal ornaments with typical characteristics. Woodcarving modeling. Lighting. Signboard. Tieyi products. Fabric. Greening is to create an atmosphere. Emotional appeal has played a role in finishing the painting. Lie Bin, the representative of the Soviet roving painting school. Shiskin. Levitan. The scenery of painters such as Surikov. The oil paintings of portraits embellish it, which adds to the harmony of the environment and the discussion of the hidden culture.
the completion of this type of work is an exploration of the protection of architectural technology and art, and a discussion of style and culture. As a cultural crystallization, the charm of cultural relic buildings lasts forever because of the social significance of the cultural value system and people's psychological judgments and opinions on cultural values. The project has attracted the attention of relevant experts, scholars and government management departments. How can Zeze promote the protection of cultural relics and its historical, humanistic and cultural functions, promote the development of architectural culture, tourism and many other industries, and have positive social significance?
Third, the understanding of style and culture
Nowadays, the pace of social life is accelerating, the indoor functions of buildings are complex and changeable, the interior decoration materials, facilities and equipment, and even doors and windows are changing with each passing day, the "intangible depreciation" of interior design and architectural decoration is becoming more prominent, the renewal cycle is shortening day by day, and people's appreciation and pursuit of the artistic style and cultural atmosphere of indoor environment is also changing with the passage of time.
once a style or genre is formed, it can positively or negatively affect culture, art and many social factors, not just as a form of expression and visual feeling. In recent years, architectural design and interior design are generally diversified and inclusive. Interior layout also tends to be modern and practical, but also absorbs traditional characteristics, and integrates ancient and modern Chinese and western in decoration and furnishings.
At present, the society is in a transitional period from an industrial society to a post-industrial society or a residential society. People's needs for their surrounding environment can not only meet the requirements of use, but also pay more attention to the needs of spiritual functions such as environmental atmosphere, cultural connotation and artistic quality. The emergence, development and transformation of different artistic styles and schools of interior design are not only the continuation and development of the historical context of architectural art, but also have profound historical and cultural connotations of social development, and will also greatly enrich people's spiritual life when they live with each other day and night.
the relationship between style and culture is to pursue a higher level of harmony, its essence is to enjoy and develop human civilization, and it goes beyond the historical tradition.
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