Trade unions in Hong Kong jointly put forward strict requirements to the British Hong Kong government: (1) Support and adhere to the conditions of Shanghai Federation of Industry and Commerce 17, including the withdrawal of foreign armed forces in China; (2) The British Hong Kong authorities should ensure that China people enjoy the freedom and rights of assembly, association and speech. Hong Kong and Britain did not reply to the above request. /kloc-In June of 0/9, Hong Kong seamen, trams, printers and other trade unions took the lead in announcing a strike, and other trade unions immediately responded. The striking workers returned to all parts of Guangdong despite the obstruction and threat of British imperialism. On 2 1, the westernization workers in Shamian, Guangzhou began to strike, and other westernization workers in the city also joined the strike. On the 23rd, more than 6,543,800 strikers and people from all walks of life gathered in Dongjiaochang, Guangzhou, to mourn the dead compatriots in Shanghai and protest against imperialist atrocities, and then held a demonstration. When the parade passed Shaji Road, it was suddenly strafed by the British and French military police in Shamian Concession, and the British and French warships moored in White Swan Pond also opened fire, killing more than 50 people on the spot, seriously injuring 170 people and slightly injuring countless others.
The sharky tragedy further aroused the national indignation of the people of China. People from all walks of life have denounced imperialist crimes, and more workers have joined the strike. By the end of June, the number of strikers in various provinces and ports reached 250 thousand. Guangzhou Revolutionary Government immediately protested to Britain, France and other countries, and announced that it had broken diplomatic relations with the British economy and blocked the sea. In order to effectively lead the strike, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee initiated the strike workers' election and formed the provincial and Hong Kong strike workers' congress as the highest deliberative body of the strike; The strike committee is elected by the National Assembly and is the highest executive body. The strike committee currently has 13 members, with Su as the chairman and Liao, Deng Zhongxia and others as consultants. Under the board of directors, finance committees and other institutions and pickets of striking workers. * * * Guangdong District Committee set up a strike party group as the leading core of the strike movement. Under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, the workers on strike United and actively participated in the anti-imperialist and anti-warlord struggle, which made important contributions to the reunification of Guangdong revolutionary base areas and became a powerful pillar of Guangzhou revolutionary government. /kloc-in the summer of 0/926, the revolutionary government began the northern expedition, and thousands of striking workers formed transport teams, propaganda teams, health teams and condolence groups to go to the front. Strike workers and workers' pickets guarded the rear, which provided a strong guarantee for the successful March of the Northern Expedition. In the same year, in June+10, 5438, the Guangdong District Committee and the provincial and Hong Kong strike committees announced the end of the strike according to the changes in the situation. The strike lasted for 16 months, which is unprecedented in the history of the workers' movement in China and rare in the history of the workers' movement in the world. After the Second National Congress in communist party, China, the China Trade Union Secretariat was established to lead the workers' movement. From 1922 to 65438+ 10 to 1923 February, the first climax of the workers' movement in China was set off. During the 65,438+03 months, there were more than 65,438+000 strikes in China, with more than 300,000 participants. Among them, the strike of Jinghan railway workers staged the most heroic scene.
Jing-Han Railway runs through Hebei, Henan and Hubei provinces, which is the traffic lifeline connecting North China and Central China, and has important economic, political and military significance. The operating income of railway is one of the main sources of warlord Wu's salary. 1 923 February1day, under the leadership of the party, the preparatory meeting of Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions decided to hold its inaugural meeting in Zhengzhou. Nearly 300 delegates, railway trade unions, Hanyeping Federation of Trade Unions, more than 30 trade unions in Wuhan and students from Beijing and Wuhan gathered in Zhengzhou. The Central Committee attached great importance to this meeting and sent Zhang, Chen Tanqiu, Luo, Bao Huisheng and others to attend the meeting. On the morning of February 1, a large number of armed military and police officers of warlord Wu Pai imposed martial law in Zhengzhou and ordered that the inaugural meeting of the Beijing-Han Railway Federation of Trade Unions be prohibited. However, regardless of life and death, the workers' representatives who attended the meeting broke through the heavy encirclement of the military and police, shouted slogans such as "Long live the Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions" and "Long live the victory of the working class", and held a conference in Zhengzhou Puleyuan Theater to announce the establishment of the Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions. On the same day, armed police surrounded the venue, forcibly dissolved the meeting, smashed the Federation of Trade Unions and Zhengzhou Branch, and drove away the delegates. That night, the Executive Committee of the Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions held a secret meeting and decided to transfer the temporary office of the Federation of Trade Unions to Hankou Bank, and decided to hold a general strike of the whole railway from February 4th. On February 4th, more than 20,000 workers of the whole railway went on strike, and the 1 200km railway suddenly came to a standstill. The main leaders of the strike led by the China Production Party are Zhang, Xiang Ying, Luo,, and so on. The strike of Beijing-Han railway workers caused panic among imperialists and reactionary warlords. With the support of imperialism, Wu mobilized more than 20,000 military and police to suppress the strikers along the railway, which created the "February 27" tragedy that shocked China and foreign countries. In Hankou, on the night of February 7, it was snowing heavily. The reactionary military police tied party member Lin Xiangqian, chairman of Jianghan Branch of Jinghan Railway Federation of Trade Unions produced by * * * *, to a stake on the platform of Jiang 'an Station and ordered him to return to work, which was flatly rejected. Lin Xiangqian died a hero. In Wuchang, Shi Yang, legal adviser of party member and Wuhan Federation of Trade Unions, was killed. In the general strike, 52 workers died and more than 300 people were injured. The railway workers' strike in Han Jing was the climax of the first workers' movement led by China Production Party. It further shows the strength of the working class in China and expands the influence of the Party among the people of the whole country. Although the strike failed, the lives and blood of the workers further awakened the people of China, making them more aware that imperialism and feudal warlords are the enemies of the people of China, and they must fight them to the end in order to achieve real freedom and liberation.