Huangshan Mountain and its tourist attractions (brief introduction)

Huangshan Mountain, located in Huangshan City, Anhui Province, was originally called Zhi Mountain, and was renamed Huangshan Mountain in the Tang Dynasty, which means "Mountain of the Yellow Emperor". Legend has it that Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of China, cultivated himself and became immortal. Huangshan Mountain is a world natural and cultural heritage, a world geological park, one of the top ten scenic spots in China, and a national 5A-level tourist attraction.

Huangshan Scenic Area covers an area of 1.61 square kilometers, starting from Huangshi in the east, reaching Xiaolingjiao in the west, Erlong Bridge in the north and Tangkou Town in the south. It is divided into nine administrative areas, including hot springs, Yungu, Yuping, Beihai, Songgu, Diaoqiao, Fuxi, Yanghu and Fugu, including more than 211 scenic spots.

Huangshan is famous for its "five wonders" of exotic pines, grotesque rocks, sea of clouds, hot springs and winter snow, and is known as "the first wonder mountain in the world". "The five mountains return without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returns without looking at the mountains" is the best evaluation of Huangshan.

Huangshan Mountain is one of the three mountains among the five mountains. Xu Xiake visited Huangshan Mountain twice and praised it: There is no such thing as Huangshan Mountain at home and abroad. Mount Huangshan, there are no mountains in the world, and the view is over! Later generations extended it to "Five Mountains return without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returns without looking at the mountains".

Huangshan Mountain combines the beautiful scenery of famous mountains in China, and is famous for its "four wonders" of exotic pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. Now winter snow has become the fifth wonder of Huangshan Mountain. Huangshan Mountain is not only unique in natural landscape, but also rich in cultural heritage. It is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi was an alchemist here, so Huangshan Mountain not only won by scenery, but also has been a frequent place for Taoist immortals for thousands of years. Great poets such as Li Bai also left magnificent poems here.

there are thousands of peaks in Huangshan Mountain, and thousands of valleys are majestic. There are 72 famous peaks, among which the three main peaks, "Lotus", "Guangming Top" and "Tiandu", are all above 1,811 meters above sea level, which are magnificent and magnificent. Huangshan Mountain, formerly known as "Yi Mountain", was named after the peaks and rocks overlooking the blue and black. Because it is said that Huangdi in Xuanyuan once collected medicine here to make an alchemy and achieved immortality, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed "Zhi Mountain" to "Huangshan Mountain" in the sixth year of Tianbao (AD 747). For more than a thousand years, Huangshan Mountain has accumulated a rich culture of the Yellow Emperor. The scenic spots such as Xuanyuan Peak, Alchemy Peak, Rongcheng Peak, Fuqiu Peak, Danjing, Yaoxi and Yaotai are related to the Yellow Emperor.

Huangshan Mountain experienced orogeny, crustal uplift, glacier and natural weathering before its peak forest structure was formed. There are 72 peaks in Huangshan Mountain, which is known as "36 peaks and 36 small peaks". The main peak, Lotus Peak, is as high as 1,864.8 meters above sea level, and it is one of the 36 major peaks, which is also called the three main peaks of Huangshan Mountain with Guangmingding and Tiandu Peak.

Huangshan Mountain is mainly composed of Yanshanian granite, with developed vertical joints, strong erosion and cutting, staggered fractures and fissures, which have been eroded by water for a long time, forming granite caves and channels. There are 31 ridges, 22 rocks, 7 caves and 2 passes in the whole mountain. The Quaternary glacial remains in Huangshan Mountain are mainly distributed in the southeast of Qianshan Mountain.

The ecosystem of Huangshan Mountain is stable and balanced, with obvious vertical zoning of plants and complete communities. The forest coverage rate is 56% and the vegetation coverage rate is 83%. There are 1,452 species of wild plants in Huangshan Mountain, including Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo biloba, etc., 8 species in the third category, Dendrobium, etc. 11 species are endangered species, 6 species are endemic to China and 2 species are endemic to Huangshan Mountain. There are 28 species of plants first discovered or named after Huangshan Mountain, especially the famous tea "Huangshan Mao Feng" and the famous medicine "Huangshan Ganoderma lucidum". Huangshan City is rich in forest resources. There are more than 711 kinds of trees naturally distributed in the city, and there are more than 1,111 kinds of trees introduced and cultivated. Among them, there are about 1,111 species with high economic value, and the precious tree species under national key protection are Xiangguoshu, Phoebe bournei, Pterocarya henryi and Toona sinensis. There are 15 species of protected trees in the province, such as Pinus yunnanensis, Tiebin in the south, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Ginkgo biloba, Catalpa mandshurica, Magnolia Huangshan, Cinnamomum camphora, litsea cubeba, Lianxiangquan, Alpinia zerumbet, Cymbidium fortunei and Actinidia chinensis. There are also Pinus taiwanensis, Pseudotsuga taiwanensis, Taxus chinensis, Betula luminifera and Pteroceltis tatarinowii, which are excellent building materials. There are about 111 species, mainly Chinese fir, pine, eucalyptus, camphor, Phoebe bournei, eucalyptus and so on. Chinese fir is mostly distributed in Liukou and Xikou of Xiuning, pine is mostly distributed in Qimen, yi county and huangshan district, Phyllostachys pubescens is mainly distributed in Xiuning, huangshan district and Qimen, and other miscellaneous trees are mainly distributed in Guniujiang and Qingliangfeng, as well as Qimen, yi county, Shexian and huangshan district. The city's forest coverage rate is 73%, the timber accumulation is 24 million cubic meters, there are about 51 million Phyllostachys pubescens, and the annual output of tea is about 25,111 tons. It is an important timber producing area and a famous tea producing area in East China.

There are more than 311 species of animals in Huangshan Mountain, among which there are more than 21 species of precious birds and animals under state protection, and there are more than 121 species of fish in Xihe Tangba.

Among them, the clouded leopard, leopard, muntjac, sika deer, white-necked pheasant and stork are among the first-class protected animals.

Among them, the animals under the second-class national protection are: animals: Huangshan macaque, Huangshan macaque, pangolin, jackal, black bear, civet cat, roe deer and Sumen antelope.

birds: mandarin duck, silver pheasant, spoon chicken, kite, red-bellied eagle, sparrowhawk, common fanatic, hairy-footed fanatic, bird carving and kestrel.

Amphibian: giant salamander.

Rare birds: brown laughters, red-billed lovebirds, nighthawks, Sambo birds, white-breasted jadeites, swallows, thrushes, yellow-waisted warblers and dark green country birds.

Huangshan Mountain is closely related to religion. In the old books of Taoism in the Tang Dynasty, fairy tales about Xuanyuan Huangdi and Rong Chengzi, Fuqiu Gonglai Mountain for alchemy, and Daoist Ascension to Heaven have been circulated for thousands of years, and have a profound influence. So far, many peaks related to the above fairy tales have been left, such as Xuanyuan Peak and Fuqiu Peak, as well as alchemy, immortal, ascending, immortal capital, Taoist and Wangxian Peak. The name of Huangshan Mountain is also related to the theory of Huangdi's alchemy. Taoism established earlier Taoist temples in Huangshan Mountain, such as floating hill view and Jiulong view. At the end of the Song Dynasty, Taoist Zhang Yinfu practiced in Huangshan and founded the Songgu Dojo. After the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was no trace of Taoist activities in the whole mountain. According to the "Huangshan Tujing", Buddhism was introduced to Huangshan as early as the Southern Dynasties during the Liu and Song Dynasties, and nearly 111 temples were built in successive dynasties. Among the temples, Xiangfu Temple, Jikoji, Cuiwei Temple and Shibo Temple are known as the "four jungles" of Huangshan Mountain. Among the Buddhist disciples in Huangshan in the past dynasties, there are many who are good at poetry and painting. The famous ones are: Daoyun in Tang Dynasty, Haineng, Hongzhi, Yinke, Yuanze, Wang Yin, Dajun, Dahan, Bo 'an, Jian Jiang and Xuezhuang in Qing Dynasty, all of which have works handed down from generation to generation.

On February 2, 1991, Huangshan Mountain was listed in the "World Natural and Cultural Heritage List" by UNESCO. The World Heritage Committee's evaluation of Huangshan Mountain is: Huangshan Mountain was widely praised in the heyday of literature and art in China's history (the "landscape" style in the middle of the 6th century) and was famous as "the first wonder mountain in the country".

In 2112, it was awarded China National Geopark (the second batch).

in 2114, it was selected into the first batch of world geoparks, and became a tourist attraction that won the three highest honors of world cultural and natural heritage and world geoparks at the same time.

in 2117, it was selected as one of the "Top Ten Famous Mountains in China", ranking fourth among the famous mountains in China, only next to Mount Tai, Mount Everest and Mount Emei.

The series of United Nations World Heritage stamps was issued on April 11, 2113, and Huangshan Mountain was selected. A full set of 6 World Heritage stamps issued by the United Nations are the Great Wall of Wan Li, the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Xi 'an, the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, the Forbidden City in Beijing, the Potala Palace in Lhasa and Huangshan Mountain.

Huangshan Mountain is divided into several scenic spots

: Four Juequan Scenic Spot, Yuping Scenic Spot, Baiyun Scenic Spot, Beihai Scenic Spot, Dream (West Sea) Scenic Spot and Songgu Scenic Spot. Each scenic spot has its own characteristics. Among them, the Dream Scenic Spot (Xihai Grand Canyon) is newly developed in recent years and is also a hot spot favored by tourists at present.

Huangshan Scenic Area is divided into Qianshan Mountain and Houshan Mountain. Qianshan refers to the area from Ciguang Pavilion to Guangmingding, that is, hot springs, Yupinglou and Tianhai Scenic Area. The main scenic spots are Yingkesong, Banshan Temple, Tiandufeng, Yupinglou, Lotus Peak, Yixiantian and Aoyu Peak. Houshan refers to the area from Yungu Temple to Guangmingding, namely Beihai and Xihai Scenic Area. The main scenic spots are Shixin Peak, Lion Peak, Paiyun Pavilion, Xihai Grand Canyon, Feilaishi and Songgu Temple. Among the many scenic spots, the "three wonders and five wonders" and other exotic scenes are the most cherished by the world.

The Four Wonders of Huangshan Mountain refer to four unique landscapes of Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province, China.

they are: strange pine, strange rock, sea of clouds and hot springs.

There are three famous waterfalls in Huangshan Mountain: Herringbone Waterfall, Baizhang Spring and Jiulong Waterfall.

odd pine

welcoming pine

odd pine is a pine tree with a strange shape. The most famous Huangshan pines are: welcoming pine, looking for visitors, seeing visitors off, exploring sea pine, Pu Tuansong, black tiger pine, Wolong pine, Kirin pine and Lian Lisong. These are the top ten famous pines in Huangshan. In the past, some people compiled the Book of Famous Pines, which included many Huangshan pines. There were hundreds of pines whose names could be counted, and each one had a unique beautiful and elegant style.

There are hundreds of famous pines in Huangshan Mountain, and the author is "Top Ten Famous Pines in Huangshan Mountain":

Welcome Pine: located in the east of Yuping Building, the symbol of Huangshan Mountain.

Songsong: located on the right of Yuping Building. Died in the winter of 2115. Later, find the alternate pine tree on the right wing of Yuping Building.

Pu Tuansong: Located in Lotus Valley.

Harp pine: located on the north slope of Woyun Peak.

Kirin pine: located on the cool terrace.

Tanhaisong: Located at the back of crucian carp in Tiandu Peak.

grafting pine: it is located at the beginning peak.

Lian Lisong: located between Sanhuawu and Shixinfeng.

black tiger pine: located at the fork of Beihai-Shixinfeng.

Dragon Claw Pine: Located at Shixin Peak.

There is also the Unity Pine named by Ho Chi Minh in the West Sea Scenic Area.

grotesque rocks

There are more than 121 grotesque rocks named in Huangshan, with different shapes. Viewed from different positions and in different weather, the strange rocks in Huangshan Mountain can be described as "peaks on the side of the ridge, with different heights".

There are strange rocks on almost every peak of Huangshan Mountain, which formed in the Quaternary Glacier Period more than 1 million years ago. Strange pines and strange rocks, dream flowers in Beihai, and "the magpie climbs the plum blossom" (the immortal shows the way), the old monk picks herbs, Suwu shepherds, the flying stone, the monkey looking at Taiping (the monkey watching the sea) and so on.

Since ancient times, Huang Shanyun has become a sea, which is a land of clouds. Its magnificent and spectacular "sea of clouds" is famous for its beauty, victory, strangeness and illusion, and it can be seen all year round, especially in winter. According to the distribution of the sea of clouds, the whole mountain has the East China Sea, the South China Sea, the West Sea, the North Sea and the Tianhai.

There are more than 211 cloudy days in Huangshan in a year. When the water vapor rises or the fog does not disappear after the rain, a sea of clouds will form. Mangroves are covered with clouds, and patches of red leaves float on the sea of clouds, which is a rare wonder in Huangshan Mountain in late autumn. The double-cut peaks in the North Sea, when the sea of clouds passes through the peaks on both sides, flow out between the two peaks and pour down, which is another wonder of Huangshan Mountain.

Hot Springs

One of the "Four Wonders" in Huangshan Mountain (called Tangquan in ancient times) originates from the foot of Ziyun Peak at an altitude of 851 meters. The water quality is mainly bicarbonate, which can be drunk and bathed. Legend has it that Xuanyuan Huangdi was bathed here for 7749 days and was rejuvenated and feathered, so it was also known as "Lingquan".

Huangshan Hot Spring spews out from under Ziyun Peak, separated from Taohua Peak by a stream, and is the first stop to enter Huangshan via the gate of Huangshan Mountain. The daily water output of hot springs is about 411 tons, which is continuous all the year round, and the water temperature is around 42 degrees all the year round. It belongs to alpine hot springs. Huangshan Hot Springs have certain effects on some diseases of digestive, nervous, cardiovascular, metabolic and sports systems, especially skin diseases.

Three Waterfalls

Huangshan has 36 sources, 24 streams, 21 deep pools, 17 deep springs, 3 waterfalls, 2 lakes and 1 pools. Besides hot springs, there are waterfalls, Mingquan, Bitan and Qingxi. The famous waterfalls are "herringbone waterfall", "Baizhang spring" and "Jiulong waterfall", which are also called the three famous waterfalls in Huangshan.

The herringbone waterfall, named Feiyu Spring in ancient times, flows between the two peaks of Zishi and Zhusha, and the clear spring flows down the wall from left to right, forming a herringbone waterfall. The best viewing place is the "Guanwaterfall Building" in the hot spring area. Jiulong Waterfall, originating from the peaks of Tiandu, Yuping, alchemy and Xianzhang, falls in nine stacks between Luohan Peak and Xianglu Peak, and each stack has a pool, which is called Jiulongtan. The ancients praised: "The flying spring does not allow Kuanglu Waterfall, and the cliff supports the sky and hangs Kowloon". It is the most magnificent waterfall in Huangshan Mountain. Baizhang Waterfall is between Qingtan and Ziyun Peak in Huangshan Mountain, and descends along the cliff of thousands of feet, forming Baizhang Waterfall. There are nearly 111 pagodas, and there is a waterfall pavilion in front of them.

There are 62 days of rime and 35.9 days of rime in Huangshan Mountain. Most of Huangshan Mountain is foggy. When the temperature is between -2 and -7, it is easy to form. When the fog drops expand to drizzle, it can form a rainy song.

Yuping Scenic Spot in Huangshan is centered on Yuping Tower, with Lotus Peak and Tiandu Peak as the main bodies, and Qianshan refers to this scenic spot. Along the way, there are "Penglai Three Islands", "Hundred Steps Ladder", "First Sight Sky", "New Sight Sky" and "Aoyu Cave".

Yuping Building is located between Tiandu and Lotus, which is the epitome of the wonders of Huangshan Mountain, so it is called the best place of Huangshan Mountain. The welcoming pine stands on the left side of Yuping Building, with the seeing-off pine on the right side, the accompanying pine and Manjusri Terrace in front of the building, the Yuping Peak behind the building, and the "Yuping Sleeping Buddha" at the peak, with its head, left foot and right. Mao Zedong cursive script "There are so many beauties in Jiangshan" is engraved on the peak stone. On the stone wall in the east of the building, Marshal Zhu De's "Picturesque" and Marshal Liu Bocheng's "A Tour of Huangshan Mountain with Anti-Japanese Old Comrades in Southern Anhui" are engraved: "The anti-Japanese army went to the north yesterday, but what about the drought in Yun Ni? Huangshan Mountain has been a sea since ancient times, and there has been more rain in the sky since then. "

Tiandu Peak is located in the south of Yuping Peak, one kilometer away, which is the most steep of the three main peaks of Huangshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1,831 meters. The ancient poem praised it as: Let it return from the Five Mountains, and it will be amazing to see the sky at first sight. On the top of Tiandu Peak, there is a stone carving of "reaching the peak".

Lotus Peak, located in the north of Yupinglou, is the highest peak in Huangshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1864.8 meters. It is about 1.5km from Lianhualing to the peak of Lianhua Mountain, which is called Lotus Stem. Along the way, there are famous Huangshan pines such as Feilong Pine and Inverted Pine and Huangshan Rhododendron. At the top of Lotus Peak, there is more than Fiona Fang Zhang, and there is a fragrant sand well in the middle.

Go downhill from Lotus Peak, cross Guisheershi, Baibu ladder, cross Aoyu Cave, and reach Aoyu Peak, which is 1781m high. Xiaao Fish Peak is Tianhai, which is located in the front, back, east and west of Huangshan Mountain, and is the center of Huangshan Mountain. In this 1751-meter high mountain basin, many plant species are growing. The Huangshan Garden Department used the climatic conditions to create the Tianhai Alpine Botanical Garden. There are famous scenic spots such as Haixin Pavilion and Phoenix Pine near Tianhai.

Huangshan Beihai Scenic Area is the hinterland of Huangshan Scenic Area, between Guangmingding and Shixin Peak, Lion Peak and Baie Peak, connecting Yungu Scenic Area in the east, Yuping Scenic Area in the south and Songgu Scenic Area in the north. It is an open mountain area with an altitude of about 1611 meters, covering an area of 1316 hectares. There are many peaks in the North Sea, Shimen Peak and Gongyang Mountain, all of which are peaks above 1,811 meters above sea level. Lion Peak at an altitude of 1691 meters is in the scenic area, and the cool platform on the peak is the best place to watch the sea of clouds and sunrise.

Huangshan Hot Spring Scenic Area was called Taoyuan Wonderland in ancient times. Generally speaking, all tourists visit Huangshan by bus here, and it is now one of the reception centers of Huangshan tourism. The scenic spot radiates around with Range Rover Bridge as the center, and Taohuaxi and Xiaoyao Creek run through it, with a center altitude of about 651 meters. From here to Qianshan (Ciguangge), the highway mileage is 1,511m, and it only takes 25 minutes to walk. To Houshan (Yungu Temple), the highway mileage is 7km, which can be reached by many buses.

Ciguang Pavilion, formerly known as Zhusha Temple in Jikoji. It was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty.