The English reference format is generally APA (USA)
American Psychological Association of China
Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), Harvard Reference System.
1、APA
The APA reference format is the most common format.
This is also the most widely used format. The format of the Administrative Procedure Law stipulates that the names of "referees" must be arranged in alphabetical order of surnames, including the prefix of first names. For example, james smith should be changed to "Smith, J."; Saif al-Falasi was changed to "Al Falasi, Saif." . Arabic names usually add a hyphen between the surname and the prefix, so the surname and the prefix are self-contained. ) The specific format is:
Books:
Last name, first capital letter. (year). Title of the book (in italics). Publishing house.
Cheryl River (1956). Terrible future: thinking about color TV. Santiago: halsted.
Log:
The first capital letter of last name and first name. (year). Title of the article. Journal name (italics), volume number (number of issues) and page number.
P. Clarkton (1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift, with colorful pocket change? Changes in Canada, 64(7), 34-37.
2、MLA
Different from APA format, in MLA specification, the author's name should be complete, and the full name and the initials of the middle name should be indicated. There is no comma between the log name and the log volume, only one space is used. The first word and the first letter after the colon in the title of the article must be capitalized, and the first letter of every word except articles, prepositions, coordinate conjunctions and infinitive symbols ("to") must be capitalized. Specifically:
Books:
Full name of last name, first name. "Book title." Place of publication: publishing house, year, page number.
David Glover. "Materials that make up dreams: masculinity, femininity and thrillers." Gender, genre and narrative pleasure. Edited by Derek Lang Hurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989.67-83.
Log:
Last name, full name. "Title of the article." Number of periodical titles (year): page number.
Brownell, hiram H and Heather H Porter. "Inference defect in patients with right brain injury." Brain and Language 27 (1986): 310-21.
3. Harvard format
Many universities in Europe and Australia generally require the use of Harvard University Literature Reference System.
The reference format of Harvard format in this paper is:
When the author's name does not appear at the end of the sentence, add () at the end of the sentence, and indicate the author's name and the year of publication in (), such as (Author2005).
When the author's name appears in a sentence, such as xxx saying/summarizing/suggesting ..., add () after the name, and only the year can be marked in (). For example, XXX (2005) in the bibliography at the end of the article indicates/summarizes/suggests the format of Harvard format as follows:
Books:
Last name, first capital letter of first name, year, book title (in italics). What version? Place of publishing house: publishing house. Page number.
For example: Lederman Publishing House, 2006. Excellent thesis writing: a guide to social science. Third edition. London: United Open University. With sage.
Log:
Last name, first capital letter of first name, year, article name, periodical name (in italics), volume number (number of issues), page number.
Bowden, Master of Laws, 2002. The Bretton Woods proposal: an in-depth examination. Political science quarterly, vol. 42, no.6, pp. 64-78.
Network literature:
Last name, first capital letter of first name, year, article name, periodical name (in italics), volume number (number of issues), page number and website address.
Jenkins River, 1989. Conflict with cache. ARIADNE, [online] No.265438. It can be accessed at the following website: http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue21/web-cache/[accessed on February 2, 2004/kloc-0].
If a document has two authors, the last name part is and or&; Link.
Such as Kirk, J. & Munday, R. J., 1988. Narrative analysis, 3rd edition. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
If there are three or more authors, add others after the first author is listed.
For example, Grace, B. et al., 1988. World history. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.