Go to Zhangjiajie, which is very beautiful and close to Hubei.

Description of scenic spots:

Zhangjiajie is located in the northwest of Hunan Province, at the junction of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau uplift and Dongting Lake subsidence area, between 119 degrees 41 minutes east longitude and 111 degrees 21 minutes north latitude, between 28 degrees 52 minutes and 29 degrees 48 minutes north latitude, bordering Shimen and Taoyuan County in the east, Yuanling County in the south and Hubei Province in the north. The longest city boundary is 167 kilometers from east to west and 96 kilometers from north to south. The city's total area is 9653 square kilometers, accounting for 4.5% of the province's area. The stratum in Zhangjiajie city is complex and diverse, which has created the local characteristic landscape.

In the urban area of Zhangjiajie, due to the influence of geography, stratum, structure, climate and many other conditions, colorful landforms have been formed. Topographically, Zhangjiajie is bordered by Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west, Dongting Lake in the east, mountainous areas in western Hubei in the north and Xuefeng Mountain in the south. Its general topography is: low in the southeast and middle, high around, and along the banks of the Lishui River, there are pieces of alluvial soil Plain. Throughout the year, the city has a mild climate, abundant rainfall and well-developed streams. All the streams converge on the Lishui River, and then flow from west to east into Dongting Lake in 811 miles. In the lake, there are dozens of meters and hundreds of meters of sediment. Contrary to Dongting Lake, from east to west, the terrain gradually rises, and in the downtown area, there are mountains such as Tianmen Mountain and Qixing Mountain with an altitude of more than 1,511 meters. There are high mountains and low plains, which is the unique flowing water erosion landform in this area.

The extremely thick Shi Ying sandstone in Wulingyuan Scenic Area has a gentle occurrence, which makes it impossible for the strata to collapse along the weak part of the bedding plane and cover the Silurian flexible shale. Under the action of gravity, the vertical joints of rigid Shi Ying sandstone are developed. Under the strong erosion of water, the rock strata not only disintegrate and collapse, but also are transported by flowing water. What remains in the original place will form strange peak forests, such as male, strange, dangerous, beautiful, secluded and spacious, which are the main body of Wulingyuan Scenic Area. The scenic spot of Wulei Mountain in Cili County is also composed of Shi Ying sandstone in the same horizon, and the occurrence of rock stratum is also gentle. The top of Wutai Mountain is covered with yellow-green shale and marl, which is a water-resisting rock series and can protect the underlying sandstone from running water erosion.

Another outstanding manifestation of flowing water erosion landform

in the urban area is that due to the rising of the earth's crust, the downward cutting of streams is intensified, and it is too late to widen the rivers, resulting in valleys and canyons. The bottom of the river is extremely linear, the two walls are steep, and the beach is full of water. The headwaters of Lishui River, the upper reaches of Loushui River and the Maoyan River in Zhangjiajie City are such valley landforms.

karst landform

In recent years, it is also called karst landform in academic circles, which is another outstanding feature of Zhangjiajie landform. It accounts for about 41% of the city's area, and its deposits are well developed, regardless of the surface and trunk, and it is an integral part of the karst terrain development area in northwest Hunan. Sangzhi County, Cili County, Wulingyuan District and the southeast of yongding county are the areas where this terrain develops. The karst caves, troughs, stone buds, dry valleys, stone hills and stone tombs on the surface of the karst terrain can be seen all over the city, but the stone forest is rare in the urban area. Some single stone pillars can be seen in Tianmenshan Scenic Area, but they rarely form forests. In the northwest of Hunan, there is only one place in Xiaopaiwu, Huayuan County, an autonomous prefecture. There is a stone forest, commonly known as "stone fence", which attracts people's attention and attracts many tourists and scholars for sightseeing.

shape of underground karst caves and karst deposits. In Zhangjiajie, it is a must. Its cave scale, Jiutian Cave in Sangzhi County can be included in the membership cave of the World Cave Society, and it is really worthy of the resounding title of Asia's first cave, which is remarkable. Jiutian Cave and Huanglong Cave in Wulingyuan District are the representatives of underground karst topography in Zhangjiajie. They integrate karst caves, karst caves, underground rivers, sinkholes and funnels. The karst deposits in the cave, such as stalactites, stalagmites and stone pillars, are varied and varied. It can be said that what one thinks and looks like greatly expands the imagination of tourists, which often makes it difficult for people to find appropriate words and languages to praise her.

Zhangjiajie City is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain, which branches from Yunwu Mountain in Guizhou into Zhangjiajie City and is divided into three branches. The northern branch is under the jurisdiction of Lishan, Guiying Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Sangzhi County from Laifeng Longshan in Hubei Province. There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxi Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Qingyan Mountain and Maohuajie in the middle branch along the north of Lishui. The south branch is located between Lishui and Yuanshui, with Qixing Mountain, Chongshan Mountain and Tianmen Mountain, extending into Dalongshan and Tianhe Mountain in Cili County. All three branches went east to the alluvial plain of Dongting Lake and disappeared.

The mountains in Zhangjiajie City overlap and the surface fluctuates greatly. The highest point is 1891.4m above sea level, and the lowest point is 75m above sea level. Zhangjiajie has 3,111 strange peaks and 811 beautiful waters. Most of the mountains in Zhangjiajie rise from the ground. The peaks on the mountains are steep and grotesque, or exquisite and beautiful, or terrible, or flat and flat, or as thin as a sword. Zhangjiajie has a variety of karst landforms and rare sandstone peaks and forests in the world.

Wuling Mountain

occupies the northwest corner of Hunan, and belongs to the east extension of Yunwu Mountain in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The mountain system extends in the northeast direction, and the arc crest protrudes to the northwest. The uplift of the Neocathaysian tectonic belt is about 1111 meters above sea level, and the peak maintains a certain flat surface. The shape of the mountain presents the characteristics of flat top, steep slope and deep valley. The highest peak, Huping Mountain, is 2198.7 meters above sea level. The landform development of Wuling mountain range is divided into three branches from Guannan. Northern branch: Bamian Mountain, Badagong Mountain, Qinglong Mountain, Dongshan Mountain and Huping Mountain distributed in the borders of Hunan, Sichuan and Hubei; Zhongzhi: There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxing Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Zhangjiajie and Baiyun Mountain along the north side of the main stream of Lishui. The south branch, which extends from Guizhou Province and enters Hunan Province, is the main vein of Wuling Mountain and the watershed between Lishui and Yuanshui. The above three mountain ranges all disappeared in Dongting Lake Plain. Wuling Mountain runs through the western part of Hunan Province, becoming a barrier for east-west traffic, but there are low mountain passes, such as caves, in some areas, which constitute the channel for east-west traffic.

Tianmen Mountain

Tianmen Mountain was called Yunmeng Mountain in ancient times, also known as Yuping Mountain. It is located 11 kilometers south of Zhangjiajie city. In 263 AD, because of the collapse of Tianmen Mountain in Zhangjiajie, a hole in the upper part of the mountain was opened, connecting the north and the south. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Xiu, the king of Wu, thought it was auspicious and gave him the name "Tianmen Mountain". Tianmen Cave is located on the precipice over 1,261 meters above sea level. The doorway is 131.5 meters high, 57 meters wide and 61 meters deep. According to the research of geological experts, the central part of the portal is the oblique intersection of east and west strata, and the rock was crushed and collapsed due to extrusion, and finally the portal was formed in 263. Tianmen Mountain is 1517.9 meters above sea level. Because the relative height difference with the downtown area below the mountain is more than 1311 meters, it is especially tall and straight, and its skyline is beautiful, which can be regarded as a typical mountain.

Tianzi Mountain

Tianzi Mountain is located in the northern part of Wulingyuan. It starts from Shenzhen Pavilion in the east and ends at Jiangjunyan in the west, stretching for nearly 41 kilometers. Zhangjiajie in the south and Suoxiyu in the southeast are one of the three scenic spots where Lingyuan is developed. Tianzi Mountain covers an area of 67 square kilometers, with the highest peak of Kunfeng at an altitude of 1,262 meters and the lowest occupation of Sinanyu at an altitude of 534 meters. Tianzi Mountain is located in the hinterland of Lingyuan, with high terrain and panoramic views. It has the characteristics of long sight, wide picture and rich scenery. Some people commented: "Who knows the source?" She has many peaks, high peaks and small peaks. It is really a peak outside the peak, and there are peaks in it. Tianzi Mountain is known as the "four views of clouds, moonlight, sunshine and winter snow".

Yang Jiajie

Yang Jiajie is located in the west of Zhangjiajie City, adjacent to Tianzi Mountain in the north and Yuanjiajie in the west, only ten kilometers away from Zhangjiajie Forest Park, and under the management of Zhonghu Township in Wulingyuan. More than 1,111 meters above sea level, the steep cliffs are one of the four core tourist attractions in Zhangjiajie, among which the WulongZhai, the air corridor, the three gates of death and the bandits' nest have been included in the classic tourist routes in Zhangjiajie.

Badagong Mountain

Badagong Mountain Nature Reserve is 85km away from Sangzhi County, which is located at the northern end of Wuling Mountain and the source of Lishui River. Its main peak, Cape Mountain, is the top of Wuling Mountain at an altitude of 1,891 meters. The scenic spot consists of five forest areas, namely Cape Mountain, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Tianping Mountain, with a total area of 44,911 hectares. It is a national nature reserve, the largest and the most well-preserved in the southern part of the Yangtze River in China.

yuan jiajie

yuan jiajie is located at the northern foot of shandaogou, at the core of Zhangjiajie's world natural heritage, with an altitude of more than 1,111 meters, surrounded by steep cliffs, standing in Wuling mountain area, just like a high platform. It is a huge and gentle mountain mainly composed of quartzite. There are three ways to go to Yuanjiajie: first, take Bailong elevator up the mountain directly from Shuihuan Gate 4, and then transfer to Yuanjiajie with an eco-car in the scenic spot. Secondly, you can take an eco-car from Tianzi Mountain for 41 minutes and then arrive at Yuanjiajie parking lot. Third, we can break Yuan Gujie from the straggling in the middle of Jin Bianxi.

Huangshizhai

Huangshizhai is also known as Huangshizhai, formerly known as Huangsizhai and Huangshizhai. It is named after a man named Huang Shigong who lived in seclusion here in ancient times. It is the essence of Zhangjiajie tourist area, and there has always been a saying that "if you don't go to Huang Shizhai, you will go to Zhangjiajie in vain". It is more than 1,211 meters above sea level, and it is a platform with a high south and a low north supported by many cliffs, covering an area of 16.5 hectares. Its main attractions are: Tianshu Treasure Box, Dinghai Shenzhen, Nantianyizhu, Jinhai Turtle Exploration, etc. It is the most concentrated place in Zhangjiajie and the largest aerial observation platform in Zhangjiajie.

Jin Bianxi

Jin Bianxi is a beautiful natural stream, named after the Golden Whip Rock. The stream twists and turns from west to east, and even after a long drought, it will not stop. Approaching Jin Bianxi, it is green everywhere, and even the clothes are reflected in light green. The flowing water is gurgling, accompanied by the sound of birds. When you walk, you suddenly feel cool and refreshing, only then do you realize that there is a breeze blowing, and the fragrance that bursts in makes you stop to savor it. In the crystal clear and spotless clear water, fish swim happily, and red, green and white pebbles shine in the water. Sunlight scattered mottled shadows on the water surface through the forest gap, giving people a kind of enjoyment of the quiet beauty of nature.

Jin Bianxi is named after the Golden Whip Rock, with a total length of 5,711 meters, which runs through the cliffs and peaks. The valleys have lush vegetation and the streams are clear in all seasons. It is called "Landscape Gallery" and "Wonderland on Earth". There is a poem praising: "Clear water and green mountains, mountains are like painting screens, people are like immortals, and if immortals walk in paintings, they will look at the sky step by step." On the way, you will see a song-ordering station, where Tujia girls are always ready to sing folk songs for tourists. They will sing for you as long as they pay ten yuan. Of course, if you don't want to spend this money, you can also listen to the songs ordered by others and leave after listening.

Shili Gallery

Jin Bianxi Jin Bianxi is the most beautiful boundary of Wulingyuan. After entering from the entrance of Zhangjiajie Forest Park, walk for about 311 meters to get to the entrance of Jin Bianxi. The whole stream is 5.7 kilometers long, and it runs through the mountains and valleys. The stream is clear and colorful, with small fish swimming in it, delicious flowers and plants, birds singing and people walking along the Qingxi, which is better than Traveling in a pictorial world.

Jin Bianxi passes through deep valleys, with thousands of peaks on both sides of the stream towering high into the sky, lush trees and shaded sun. Here, the stream gurgles, glazed waterfalls, exotic flowers and plants flourish together with rare birds and animals, forming an extremely beautiful, quiet and natural ecological environment, which is called "the most beautiful canyon in the world" and "the most poetic stream".

Four wonders of Zhangjiajie: sound, moon, shadow and light

Strange sounds: When you travel in Shentang Bay in Zhangjiajie, you will find that the bay is bottomless and mysterious. What is even more surprising is that as long as people come near the bay, the sound of beating gongs and drums and people shouting hiss will faintly ring in their ears, as if there are thousands of troops fighting.

odd moon: during the lunar month in spring and summer, at eight or nine o'clock in the evening when it rains for a long time in Chu Qing, the full moon is red, just like the rising sun in the morning, with a red halo, which makes He Long Park, Shijiayan and Shentang Bay red. This phenomenon can last for more than an hour.

Strange Shadow: If you visit the source of Jin Bianxi, you will be surprised to find that your shadow will change from one to two, from two to three, and people will move with you, so you can go forward and backward, run left and run right, and always follow you with three shadows.

strange light: the vast western sea is a strange stone forest world with thousands of stone peaks. Between Shentang Bay and He Long Park, there is a stone pillar with a height of 211 meters, and a small stone is embedded between two stone peaks at the top of the stone pillar. This magical stone and stone peak shine once a year, and the light is like burning electric welding, sparking and shining, which can illuminate the area around Shentang Bay.

the top ten scenic spots in Zhangjiajie

1. Condor whips

2. Yubifeng

3. Herb-picking old people

4. Fairy scattered flowers

5. Jiangjun Rock

6. The first bridge in the world

7. Stone Forest in the West Sea

8. Magic soldiers lined up < Brides cry more than half a month before their wedding, and some cry for more than a month, at least three or five days. Tujia people also regard the ability to sing a wedding song as a sign to measure women's intelligence and virtue. Weeping wedding songs include "crying parents", "crying brothers and sisters", "crying uncles and uncles", "crying matchmakers", "crying hair", "crying flowers", "crying father leaving mother", "crying ancestors" and "crying getting on the sedan chair". Nowadays, crying marriage is just a ceremony.

marriage rules with the same surname

Tujia people are very cautious about the issue of marriage with the same surname, which is limited to the marriage of different clans with the same surname or outside the five clothes, and it is a big rebellion to marry within the five clothes. In fact, up to now, even the marriage with the same surname that conforms to the Tujia marriage rules still cannot be recognized by most Tujia people.

Marriage in Tujia history is relatively free. Men and women can be married after free love and with the consent of their parents. In Enshi Shiyao and Dashan Peak, there is a custom of "daughters' meeting", that is, on July 12 of the lunar calendar every year, young men and women fall in love freely and become lifelong partners through the "daughters' meeting". After returning to the native land, Tujia people were forced to carry out arranged marriages according to their parents' orders and media agreements. Qing Ganlong's "Hefeng County Records" said: "As for the choice of husband, grandparents and parents will preside over it, and there is no need to ask women whether they want it or not. If a woman is shameless and says she doesn't want to, she may as well be punished according to law. Once she is hired, she will not change for life. "

Catch up with the New Year

Tujia people's reunion for the New Year has its own unique custom: if the twelfth lunar month is large, it will be twenty-nine years; if the twelfth lunar month is small, it will be twenty-eight. Tujia people call it "catching up with the New Year" to celebrate the New Year one day in advance.

destiny word

destiny word: commonly known as taking numbers, men often use red-painted gold wooden tablets to greet their families. On the day before the wedding, relatives and friends play drums and send the wooden tablets to the groom's home. The father led the groom to worship the collar, which was called the plaque. After worship, the plaque was hung on the wall of the hall, which was called the plaque. The signboard should be played three times, and the guns should be fired to play music. After the cannon was fired, a banquet hall was set up, and nine boys and ten grooms were selected, which was called "accompanying ten brothers" and the groom among the ten was called "the champion lang".

Jiuzi Whip

Jiuzi Whip, also known as "God Whip", is popular among the people of Han, Bai and Tujia nationalities, especially the Bai people. They place their happiness and good luck on the gods. To please God, they cut down the purple bamboo in the deep mountain, and there are nine copper coins in the top of the bamboo. The whip is about 1 to 1.5 meters long and the size is in their hands.