Wuyi Lane

There are wild flowers beside Suzaku Bridge,

The sunset at the entrance of Wuyi Lane is oblique.

In the old days, Wang thanked Tang Qian Yan and

flew into the homes of ordinary people.

Note:

The decline of luxury mansions in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, when swallows flew into the homes of ordinary people, made people feel infinite. Wuyixiang once won Bai Juyi's "turn around and lament for a long time", and it is one of Liu Yuxi's most proud masterpieces of nostalgia.

In the first sentence, "There are weeds and flowers beside the Suzaku Bridge", which spans the Qinhuai River in Nanjing and is the only way from the city center to Wuyi Lane. Bridge and Wuyi Lane on the south bank of the river are not only adjacent in location, but also related in history. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wuyixiang was the inhabited area of the Tujia people in Gaomen, where Wang Dao, the founding father, and Xie An, who commanded the Battle of Feishui, lived. The heavy building decorated with two bronze finches on the old bridge was built by Xie An. Literally, Suzaku Bridge is even opposite to Wuyi Lane. Using Suzaku Bridge to describe the environment of Wuyi Lane not only conforms to the geographical reality, but also creates the aesthetic feeling of antithesis and evokes relevant historical associations. It is the choice of "killing three birds with one stone". What is striking in the sentence is the overgrown weeds and wild flowers by the bridge. The grass grows in bloom, indicating that it is spring. Press the word "wild" in front of "grass flower", which adds a lonely atmosphere to the scenery. In addition, these weeds and wildflowers are growing along the Suzaku Bridge, which has always been busy, which makes us think that it may contain profound meaning. I remember that the author once used "weeds" as a symbol of decline in the poem "Thousands of households become weeds" ("Taicheng"). Now, in this poem, highlighting "weeds and flowers" in this way shows that the Suzaku Bridge, which used to be busy, is now desolate and desolate!

The second sentence, "The setting sun at the entrance of Wuyi Lane", shows that Wuyi Lane is not only set against the background of the ruined and desolate ancient bridge, but also presented in the afterglow of the setting sun. The word "oblique" in the sentence, corresponding to the word "flower" in the previous sentence, is used as a verb, and they all write the dynamics of the scene. "Sunset", the sunset in the west, with a word "oblique", highlights the bleak scene of sunset. Originally, Wuyi Lane in its heyday should be full of clothes and horses. Now, however, the author uses a touch of oblique light to make Wuyi Lane completely enveloped in a lonely and bleak atmosphere.

After setting off the environment and rendering the atmosphere, it seems that it is time to describe the changes of Wuyi Lane in a positive way and express the author's feelings. However, the author did not use too shallow a way of writing, such as "Who lives in Wuyi Lane? Looking back, it is memorable to thank the family" (Sun Yuanyan's "Singing Wuyi Lane"), "There is nowhere to find Xie Wang House, and the flowers are falling and the birds are singing" (anonymous); Instead, with the help of the description of the scenery, he wrote the famous sentence of the moxibustion population: "In the old days, Wang Xie Tang died and flew into the homes of ordinary people." Unexpectedly, he suddenly turned his brush strokes to the flying swallows nesting over Wuyi Lane, so that people could identify where the swallows were flying. Now, ordinary people are living in Wuyi Lane. In order to make readers clearly understand the poet's intention, the author specially points out that these swallows flying into people's homes used to be old swallows perched on the eaves of Wang Xiequan's tall hall. The word "old times" gives the swallow the identity of a historical witness. The word "ordinary" particularly emphasizes how different the residents today are from the past. From this, we can clearly hear the author's infinite feelings about this change.

The design of the image of Feiyan seems to come easily, but it actually embodies the author's artistic ingenuity and rich imagination. Jin Fuxian's Preface to Yan Fu said: "It is said that Yan's nest is here this year, so she will return next year. It will die, and you can know it by cutting your claws. The consequences are profound. Of course, in life, even a swallow with a very long life can't be the old swallow who died in front of Wang Xietang 411 years ago. However, the author has grasped the characteristics that swallows, as migratory birds, inhabit old nests, which is enough to arouse readers' imagination, imply the prosperity of Wuyi Lane in the past, and play a prominent role in comparing the past with the present. Wuyi Lane focuses on the present situation of Wuyi Lane in artistic expression. Just a subtle hint of its past. The poet's feelings are hidden and hidden, and they are contained in the description of the scenery. Therefore, although its scenery is ordinary and its language is simple, it has an implicit beauty, which makes people read it with endless aftertaste.

I'm sorry

I'm down and out carrying wine,

Chu has a slim waist and a light palm.

I dream of Yangzhou once every ten years, and

I win the poor fortune of a brothel.

Note:

This poem is Du Mu's lyrical work recalling his life as an aide in Yangzhou.

The first two sentences of the poem are memories of Yangzhou's life in the past: down and out, accompanied by wine; Qin Lou Chu Guan, a beautiful girl, leads a romantic life of debauchery. "Chu's waist is slender and his palm is light", using two allusions. Chu waist refers to the thin waist of a beauty. "King Chu Ling has a thin waist, but there are many hungry people in the country" (Han Feizi Er Handle). Being light in the palm refers to Zhao Feiyan, the empress of Emperor Han Cheng, who is "light in body and can dance on the palm of her hand" (see The Legend of Flying Swallows). Literally, the two allusions praise the beauty of prostitutes in Yangzhou. However, if we ponder the word "down and out" carefully, we can see that the poet is very dissatisfied with his situation of sinking into the position of being a servant and relying on others, so he does not have a pleasant feeling in recalling his dissolute life in the past. Why do you say that? Please look at the following: "I feel Yangzhou dream once every ten years", which is a sigh from the poet's heart. It seems abrupt, but it is actually consistent with the above two poems. The contrast between "ten years" and "one sleep" in one sentence gives people a sharp contrast between "a long time" and "extremely fast", which further shows the poet's deep feelings. And this feeling is completely attributed to the word "dream" in "Yangzhou Dream": in the past, I indulged in debauchery and debauchery; On the surface, the excitement, boredom and depression in the bones are painful memories, and there is sadness after awakening ... This is the "bosom" that the poet "sent". Ten years later, the Yangzhou past was just a big dream. "Winning a brothel with a fickle name"-in the end, even the brothel I once had a crush on blamed myself for being fickle and ungrateful! The word "win" contains feelings of bitterness, self-mockery and regret. This is a further denial of the "Yangzhou Dream", but it seems so relaxed and humorous. In fact, the poet's spirit is very depressed. Ten years is not a short time in a person's life. What have you done and left behind? This is a poem that is revealed with pain. If you don't recite it again and again, you can't understand the poet's emotion that is intended to be implied.

predecessors commented on the quatrains, saying, "The third sentence is the main sentence, and the fourth sentence comes from it" (Hu Zhenheng's Tang Yin Gui Qian). Du Mu's quatrains can be described as profound. This seven-line poem starts with reminiscence, the first two sentences are narrative and the last two sentences are lyrical. Three or four sentences are of course the original intention of "mourning", but the first sentence "being down and out in the rivers and lakes carrying wine" is the reason for mourning and cannot be lightly let go. Previous comments on this poem focus entirely on the author's "waking up from a busy dream, repenting and wandering", which is not comprehensive. The poet's "Yangzhou Dream" life is related to his political frustration. Therefore, this poem, in addition to the accident of repentance, is full of dreams and unbearable memories.

the witch hazel

I advise you not to cherish the witch hazel,

I advise you to cherish your youth.

bloom can be folded straight, but

Don't wait until there are no flowers.

Note:

This is a popular lyric in the middle Tang Dynasty. It is said that Li Kun, an envoy of Zhenhai in Yuan and Shi Dynasties, loved this word very much, and often ordered his concubine Du Qiuniang to sing at the banquet (see Du Mu's Poems of Du Qiuniang and his own notes). The author of the lyrics can no longer be tested. Some anthologies of Tang poetry are titled Du Qiuniang's Works or Li Yong's Works, which is incorrect.

The meaning of this poem is so simple that it can be summed up as "Don't lose a good time". This is a kind of thoughts and feelings that people have. However, it makes readers feel that although their feelings are simple but strong, they can linger in people's hearts for a long time and have an incredible charm. Every poem seems to repeat the single meaning "Don't lose the good times! And each sentence contains subtle changes, repetition rather than monotony, loop and urgency, forming a beautiful melody

The first sentence and the second sentence are the same. They all start with "Advise the monarch" and the word "pity" appears twice, which is the reason for the repetition of the two sentences. However, the first sentence says "Don't regret it", and the second sentence says "Don't regret it". The meanings of "Mo" and "Xu" are just the opposite, and they form repeated changes. These two sentences are poetic. The "witch hazel" is a gorgeous and precious thing, but it "advises you not to cherish". It can be seen that there is something far more precious than it. This is the "youth" that "advises you to cherish". Why is this so? The poem is not straight, it is self-evident: "an inch of time is worth an inch of gold, and an inch of gold can't buy an inch of time", which is as expensive as gold, "spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!"; However, youth is only once for anyone, and once it is gone, it will never return. However, the world is puzzled by this, and there are many people who love gold like life and waste their time. "Persuade the monarch" again and again, with a dialogue tone, paying tribute to the hospitality, with a strong song flavor and moving charm. Two sentences, one negative and one positive, deny the former to affirm the latter, which seems to be divided and combined, forming the first repetition and chanting in the poem, and its melody rhythm is slow.

Three or four sentences constitute the second repetition and chanting. Poetically, they are similar to one or two sentences, and they still mean "don't lose a good time". In this way, in addition to the repetition between sentences, there is also a great roundabout repetition between the upper and lower parts. However, the expression of the two couplets is different. The first couplet expresses the mind directly, which is the fu method; The second couplet uses metaphor, which is figurative. So there are still changes in repetition. Three and four don't have the sentence pattern of put in order like one and two, but they are symmetrical to each other in the sense. What if the first sentence says "flowers" and the next sentence says "no flowers"? How to say "Xu" in the previous sentence, and how to say "Mo" in the next sentence, there are also positive and negative opposites. The meanings of the two sentences are closely related: "If you have flowers, you must fold them straight" means "to cheer me through the end of spring" from the front, and "Don't wait for flowers to be empty and fold branches" means "to cheer me through the end of spring" from the opposite side, which seems to be true and true. It is a continuation of "advising the monarch" by repeatedly pouring out the same feelings, but the rhythm of the tone has changed from slow to urgent and warm. The phrase "can be folded-straight must be folded" is short in rhythm and strong in strength, and "straight must" is more emphasized than the previous "must". This is a bold song about youth and love. The enthusiasm here is unrestrained, not only honest and bold, but also vivid and beautiful. The word "flower" is seen twice, but the word "fold" is seen three times; The cloud of "Xu-Mo" and the cloud of "Mo-Xu" in the upper couplet naturally constitute the beauty of palindrome overlapping. This series of natural and ingenious repetition of words, sentences, and connections makes the poem catchy and the language catchy. In addition to the formal beauty, the mood of the poem changes from a slow cycle to a warm turmoil, which also constitutes the internal rhythm of the poem, which makes people feel even more soul-stirring when reading it.

There is a kind of lyrics, as simple as one or two sentences, which can get a touching charm after being accompanied by a beautiful melody by a clever composer and repeated. However, the poem "The Zoysia" is simple and not monotonous, with reciprocating and changing features. As an independent poem, it has been swaying and colorful, not to mention that it was sung with music in the Tang Dynasty. No wonder it was so fascinating and widely circulated.

another notable feature of this poem is the novelty of rhetoric. Under normal circumstances, the technique of comparison and xing in old poems is often combined and used at the beginning of poetry; And quatrains are often followed by scenes and feelings. This poem is an abnormal example. It is unique in that it is endowed with interest, first with comparison, then with sentiment and then with scenery. The phrase "don't cherish the golden gowns" is a blessing, and it has an exciting effect to express feelings with things. The bottom line of the poem is a metaphor, and it is also a continuation of the poetry of the previous sentence "You must cherish your youth". There is no need for "life geometry" direct emotion. Flowers (symbols of youth and love) are better than teenagers, and flowers are folded to show great youth, which is both vivid and beautiful, so it is far greater than the vulgar idea of "eat, drink and be merry" itself, creating an image world. This is the expression of art, thinking in images. Missing youth will lead to endless regret. This meaning can be expressed by idioms such as "the eldest disciple is sad", but it goes forward closely to the metaphor of folding flowers, and then creates such an unheard-of strange phrase as "no flowers are empty". There is not a word of regret or hate, but the word "empty branches" is more intriguing and artistic!