Xi' an Tourism
Xi' an, an ancient capital, is located in the Guanzhong Plain of the Yellow River Basin, bordering the Qinling Mountains in the south and the Weihe River in the north. It is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation and one of the most important human origins and prehistoric cultural centers in Asia. Guanzhong Plain is known as "Qinchuan in 811 Li", where Yuan Ye is magnanimous, with fertile land and excellent natural environment. Xi' an is located in the middle of Qinchuan, which is 811 miles. It is 214 kilometers long from east to west and 116 kilometers wide from north to south. The whole city covers an area of 9,983 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 1,166 square kilometers.
Xi' an is high in the southeast and low in the northwest, with an average elevation of about 411 meters. Since ancient times, Xi' an has been known as "Eight Rivers Around Chang 'an". There are Bahe River in the east, Laohe River and Fenghe River in the west, Jinghe River and Weihe River in the north, as well as Heihe River, Shichuan River and Zero River, most of which belong to Weihe River system in the Yellow River basin.
Xi' an is a world-famous ancient capital. In history, 13 dynasties, including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Xinmang, Eastern Han, Western Jin, Former Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang, established their capitals in Xi' an. These dynasties left a lot of cultural heritage to the ancient city of Xi 'an, and the historical sites left by predecessors provided Xi 'an with extremely precious archaeological materials and rich tourism resources. At present, there are 314 key cultural relics protection units in Xi 'an, of which 84 are national and provincial. More than 1.2 million pieces of cultural relics have been unearthed, many of which are rare national treasures.
The long history and profound cultural heritage have cast a mysterious veil over this ancient city. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum is known as "the eighth wonder of the world", the ancient city wall of Ming Dynasty is the most complete and grand ancient castle in the world, Famen Temple is the only royal temple that treasures Buddha saria, Shaanxi History Museum is the largest historical museum with the largest collection and the most complete and advanced facilities in China, and "Seventy-two Mausoleums in Guanzhong" is the largest and richest buried imperial tombs in the world. The Forest of Steles Museum, Banpo Site Museum, Lantian Ape Site, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Huajue Lane Mosque, Huangdi Mausoleum, Ganling Mausoleum, Maoling Mausoleum, Fenghao Site of Western Zhou Dynasty, Afang Palace Site of Qin Dynasty, Chang 'an City Site of Han Dynasty, Daming Palace Site of Tang Dynasty, etc. are not only rare treasures in China's historical and cultural treasure house, but also an important part of the historical heritage of all mankind.
Xi' an's natural landscape is characterized by blending with human landscape. The Qinling Mountains are covered with green mountains, beautiful peaks, cliffs, towering and tall, with many famous mountains, hot springs, waterfalls, Meiyukou and streams. The Sichuan-Taoism plain is fertile and open, with beautiful countryside, colorful lakes and marshes, poetic and picturesque scenery, and it has Mount Huashan in Xiyue, Mount Zhongnan, and picturesque scenery. Today's Xi 'an not only maintains the charm of the ancient capital, but also glows with modern elegance. The ancient appearance and new appearance complement each other, forming the unique charm of Xi' an. After the reform and opening up, the tourism industry has gradually formed tourist routes such as the eastern, western, northern and southern lines and increasingly complete tourist service facilities. In recent ten years, the comprehensive reception capacity, including meeting the needs of tourists for food, accommodation, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment, has been continuously improved. The annual reception capacity of overseas tourists exceeds 1.2 million, and the annual reception capacity of domestic tourists reaches more than 11 million.
Xi' an is located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain in the Yellow River Basin, with Qinling Mountains in the south and Weihe River in the north. It belongs to a warm temperate and semi-humid monsoon climate zone with distinct seasons and mild climate, with an average annual temperature of 1.3℃. Except for the colder winter, other times are more suitable for travel.
Xi' an has been a traffic artery since ancient times, and it is the throat of eastern China leading to northwest, southwest and western Asian countries. Nowadays, railways, highways and aviation are interwoven into a network, extending in all directions, connecting Xi 'an with the whole country. Xi 'an Xianyang International Airport, one of the four international airports in China, has opened more than 111 routes with domestic cities. Xi 'an has established direct flights with Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, Nagoya, Hiroshima, Niigata, Seoul, China, Hongkong and Macau. Xi 'an Railway Station is not only one of the special passenger stations in China, but also an important station of Eurasian Continental Bridge in China. There are more than 2,811 kilometers of highways in Xi 'an, and five national trunk lines pass through. The city has more than 41 roads leading to various tourist attractions with the urban area as the center, including 9 special tourist lines. There are more than 7,111 taxis in the city, and nearly 1,111 large and medium-sized luxury cars are used to receive tourists from home and abroad.
Local transportation
Bus: Xi 'an has very convenient highway transportation. The South Second Ring Road and the East Second Ring Road in the urban area have been opened to traffic. Many important tourist attractions have built special tourist roads, and highway transportation extends in all directions.
Taxi: There are more than 7,111 tourist taxis in the city, which provide round-the-clock service in airports, railway stations, hotels, restaurants and tourist destinations. The fare is calculated by the meter. Generally, the fare starts at 7 yuan within 3 kilometers, and then the 1.4 yuan is increased every kilometer.
Intercity transportation
Aviation: Xi 'an is an important aviation hub in China. Northwest Airlines, China United Airlines Xi 'an Company and Chang 'an Airlines, one of China's six backbone airlines, all have their headquarters in Xi 'an, with Xianyang International Airport as the center, establishing an air link connecting five continents for the ancient city of Xi 'an. Now Xi 'an has been opened to fly to Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, the capitals of provincial capitals and autonomous regions, and 81% of more than 61 cities including Guilin, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Sanya, Qingdao, Xiamen, Luoyang, Huangshan, Yan 'an, Hanzhong, Lanzhou, Jiayuguan, Yinchuan, Hefei, Nanchang, Wuhan, Yichang, Chongqing, Huangshan, Datong, Yiwu and Yulin. At the same time, six outbound routes from Xi 'an to Hong Kong and Macao, and from Xi 'an to Nagoya, Hiroshima, Fukuoka and Niigata were opened.
there are Xi' an Xianyang international airport and five airports in Yan' an, Yulin, Hanzhong and Ankang in Shaanxi. Xi 'an Xianyang International Airport is the largest, highest-ranking, best-equipped and busiest modern airport in the hinterland of northwest China. Xianyang Airport is located in the northwest of Xi 'an, 47 kilometers to the center of Xi 'an via the airport special line, connected by the airport expressway, which can be reached in 1 hours. It takes about 81-111 yuan to take a taxi from Xi 'an to Xianyang International Airport. The shuttle bus from the airport to the downtown area of Xi 'an ends at the civil aviation ticket office in Xishaomen. The departure time is 21 minutes after each flight arrives in Hong Kong, and the fare is 15 yuan per person.
Railway Road: Xi 'an is a railway transportation hub connecting China's North China, East China, Central South and Central Plains with southwest and northwest regions, and the Longhai Railway passes through it. There is West (An)-Hou (Ma) Line in the east, Bao (Ji)-Tian (Shui) Line and Lan (Zhou)-Xin (Jiang) Line in the northwest, Bao (Ji)-Cheng (Du) Line in the southwest, and West (An)-Yan (An) Line and West (An)-Han (Cheng) Line in the territory. There are railways under construction from Xi 'an to Ankang, from Xi 'an to Baotou and from Xi 'an to Pingliang.
Xi' an Railway Station is 6 kilometers away from the city center, and the traffic is very convenient. There are 111 trains entering and leaving Xi 'an Station every day, and there are 37 trains originating from Xi 'an, with a daily passenger flow of 31,111 passengers.
Long-distance passenger transport: The total length of highways in Xi 'an is 2,911 kilometers. There are five national highways and 12 provincial highways running through Xi 'an, including Beijing-Kunming line 118, Baotou-Nanning line 211, Xi 'an-Yinchuan line 211, Lianyungang-Tianshui line 311, and Shanghai-Yining line 312, which connect Xi 'an with other provinces in China and form a zigzag highway network centered on Xi 'an urban area. There are 4 high-grade highways, with expressway in the west (An)-Wei (South) extending to Tongguan in the east, first-class highway in the west (An)-Bao (Ji), first-class highway in the west (An)-Tong (Chuan) and special highway for airport cars in the north.
★ Terracotta Warriors and Horses: The burial pit of the First Emperor Mausoleum, located about 1.5 km east of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, was discovered in 1974, which is one of the most important archaeological discoveries in contemporary times. The No.1 pit was discovered by local farmers while drilling wells, and then the No.2 and No.3 pits were discovered successively after drilling, among which the No.1 pit is the largest, with an area of 14,261 square meters. More than 711 terracotta figures, more than 111 chariots, more than 411 terracotta horses and more than 111,111 weapons were excavated from three pits. The height of pottery figurines is between 1.75 and 1.85 meters. According to different costumes, manners and hairstyles, they can be divided into general figurines, warrior figurines, car figurines and so on. Bronze weapons such as swords, spears, halberds and machetes have also been unearthed in the pit. Although they have been buried in the soil for more than 2,111 years, their blades are still sharp and shiny, which can be regarded as a miracle in the history of world metallurgy. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are of great scale and magnificent scenes, which have high artistic value. At present, most of the terracotta warriors and horses in pit 1 are on display. Due to limited protection technology, more than 4,111 terracotta warriors and horses have been buried, and only more than 1,111 are on display.
Tickets: 91 yuan (February, October and February are off-season, 65 yuan)
Traffic guide: You can take No.316 (Tour 7) at the entrance of the railway station directly, and the fare is 5 yuan
★ The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor: located near the east of Lintong County, Xi 'an, with its back against Mount Li and facing the Weihe River. According to Historical Records, Qin Shihuang began to build his own cemetery when he ascended the throne at the age of 13 (247 years ago), and it lasted 37 years until his death (211 years ago). In order to build the Qin Mausoleum, more than 711,111 so-called sinners were recruited. From a distance, the tomb of Qin Shihuang looks like a hill, but it is actually a sealed mound. The whole mausoleum is planted with pomegranate trees. The tomb is 47 meters high, with a circumference of 1,411 meters and a flat top. If you follow the steps, you can climb to the top of the tomb.
Tickets: 26 yuan
Traffic guide: Take the green No.316 bus on the east side of the railway station
★ Huaqingchi: located at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong County, Xi 'an. According to legend, Zhou Youwang of the Western Zhou Dynasty built a detached palace here. Qin, Han and Sui dynasties successively rebuilt it, and in the Tang Dynasty it was added several times, named Tangquan Palace, and later renamed Hot Spring Palace. When I arrived in Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, I built a large-scale building, and I treated the soup well as a pool, surrounded by mountains and listed palaces. At this time, I called Huaqing Palace. Because the palace is above the hot spring, it is also called Huaqing Pool. Huaqingchi in Tang Dynasty was the palace for imperial concubines to have a banquet. It came here every October and returned at the end of the year. According to records, in the 41 years from the second year of Kaiyuan (714) to the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty came here for 36 times.
Tickets: 41 yuan
Traffic guide: Take bus No.316 and No.317 on the east side of the railway station (it can be reached in 31 minutes), with an average interval of 11 minutes, passing through Huaqingchi, Qin Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors and Horses
★ Great Jionji and Big Wild Goose Pagoda: located 3 kilometers south of Xi 'an. In the 22nd year of Guan (648), Prince Li Zhi prayed for the blessing of his mother, Empress Wende, and rebuilt the old site of Wuliu Temple in Sui Dynasty. After the completion, the monks were shaved 311 times, and 51 people were invited to preside over the ceremony. Master Xuanzang was also invited to move to this temple from Hongfu Temple, and a translation academy was built for its use. In the third year of Yonghui (652), Master Xuanzang asked to build a pagoda in the temple, which is now the Big Wild Goose Pagoda. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, it declined because of the war. During the reign of Changxing in the Tang Dynasty after the Five Dynasties, Xijing stayed in Anba for general repairs, and Song Xining suffered another fire. In the Ming Dynasty, although the vassal government of the king of Qin cultivated goodness, its scale was far from the old view. In recent years, this temple has been comprehensively repaired and strengthened. At present, there are five halls along the central axis of the temple, including statues of Sakyamuni Buddha and eighteen arhats, followed by a hall and corridors on both sides. The Wild Goose Pagoda was built by Tang Gaozong to house the Buddhist scriptures that Xuanzang brought back from India. At the beginning, there were only five floors, and when Wu Zetian was 11 floors, she was destroyed by soldiers. It is now seven stories, 64 meters high and has a history of more than 1,311 years. The tower is square-cone-shaped, and all floors are made of bricks. The tower is a wood-like structure with Indian Buddhist architectural color.
tickets: 21 yuan in the off-season and 25 yuan in the peak season. (You need to add 21 yuan to climb the tower)
Traffic guide: Bus No.5, No.19, No.21 and No.611
★ Xi 'an Ancient City Wall: It was built after eight years' expansion on the remains of Sui and Tang Dou imperial cities in the third year of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's Hongwu (AD 1371). It is the largest and well-preserved ancient city building in China and a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Tickets: 41 yuan
Traffic guide: Take bus No.5 and No.611 at the railway station, etc.
★ Bell and Drum Tower Square: The bell tower is located in the center of Xi 'an, at the intersection of four streets, east, west, north and south. Founded in the 17th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1384), it was originally moved to its present address in the 11th year of Wanli in Guangji Street (1582). An ancient clock hung upstairs was used to tell the time in ancient times, hence the name. The Drum Tower is located on the west side of the Bell and Drum Tower, which corresponds to the bell tower on the east side. It was built in the 13th year of Ming Hongwu (1381) and is a classical building. It is built in the center of the pedestal, with a height of 33 meters and a double eaves and a three-drop structure. The three-story building has distinct layers and is magnificent. In ancient times, drums were hung on one side of the building, and they were played in the evening to tell the time, hence the name. At present, the area between the bell and drum towers has been opened into the bell and drum tower square, which has been synthesized into a sightseeing area in the city center.
Tickets: 21 yuan in the off-season; 31 yuan is the tourist peak season, and 51 yuan is connected with the ticket
Traffic guide: Bus No.1, No.6, No.8, No.11 and No.45
★ Xi 'an Forest of Steles: It is located in the Xi 'an Forest of Steles Museum in Sanxue Street, Xi 'an, and was built in the period of North Song Zhezong (AD 1191), with a history of more than 911 years. There are 7 large exhibition rooms, 8 verandahs and 8 pavilions in the forest of steles, and more than 2,311 steles from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty are collected. At present, there are more than 1,111 steles on display, most of which were carved by the Tang Dynasty. Here, you can not only enjoy various calligraphy styles such as seal script, official script, cursive script and calligraphy, but also have a chance to see the carved stones by calligraphers such as Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan, as well as Mo Bao of famous artists such as Wang Xizhi and Su Shi.
Tickets: 31 yuan
Traffic Guide: Bus No.14, 412 and 239
★ Famen Temple: Famen Town, which is located 11 kilometers north of Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province. More than 111 kilometers away from Xi 'an, it is a famous temple in China where saria of Sakyamuni was placed, which was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The original temple was large in scale, with more than 511 monks in the Tang Dynasty. There is an eight-ribbed thirteen-story pagoda in the temple, which is in the form of imitation wood structure, and each floor has a cornice and a bucket arch, and the decoration is gorgeous. There are also inscriptions at the bottom of the tower, which are "True Pagoda", "Meiyang Town", "Relic Flying Dew" and "Floating Pictures and Glorious Days". Due to disrepair, the tower collapsed in half in August, 1981. In 1987, the country rebuilt the Famen Temple Tower, and when cleaning the tower foundation, it found the underground palace with a stone seal. There are so many treasures in the underground palace that it is dazzling.
Tickets: 35 yuan (students can buy tickets for more than two people)
Transportation: You can take a coach to Fufeng directly from Panjiacun bus station outside Yuxiangmen, Xi 'an, and the fare is RMB 12.
★ Mount Li: Located in the south of Lintong County, Xi 'an, 25 kilometers away from Xi 'an, it is a branch of Qinling Mountains. It stretches for 11 kilometers from east to west, with an altitude of about 1111 meters. Mount Li was once called Lantian Mountain in ancient times. There are two ways to get the name of Mount Li. One is that it was once the seat of the ancient Li Rong country, so it is called Mount Li. Another saying is that Yuanwang Mountain looks like a black horse, hence the name Lishan Mountain. The mountains are lush with trees and lush pines and cypresses. There is Laojun Hall on the mountainside, which is the site of Chaoyuan Pavilion in Huaqing Palace of Tang Dynasty. Song Du often wrote a poem describing this vividly: "I traveled dozens of miles in the south of the Yangtze River, and the evening breeze and the waning moon entered Huaqing. The west wind rushed to the Yuange, and Yang Zuoyu was heard. " Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty believed in Taoism, and Chaoyuan Pavilion was the place where he worshipped Laozi. The original stone statue of Laozi in the hall was said to have come from Yuan Jiaer, a famous sculptor in the Tang Dynasty. Now it is preserved in Xi 'an Forest of Steles. To the east of Chaoyuan Pavilion is the Palace of Eternal Life in Huaqing Palace. Admission: 31 yuan
Transportation: Take bus No.316 or No.317 at Xi 'an Railway Station.