(a) industrial structure and layout is not very reasonable. Industrial projects are mainly processing industry, the structure is relatively single, structural pollution is more prominent. Basin industrial layout and the local environment is not coordinated, some industrial parks construction location from the Yili River closer, and the choice of enterprises is not appropriate, such as Yining City Development Zone is under construction of paper mills, from the Yili River and Yining City are close to the site is obviously not appropriate; some heavy pollution, high emissions enterprises in the environmentally sensitive areas such as good areas or riverbanks to build, the sewage produced directly into the river to the river basin environmental pressure or even a threat. Some heavy pollution and high emission enterprises are built in environmentally sensitive areas such as environmentally favorable areas or along rivers, and the sewage generated directly into the rivers, causing pressure and even threatening the environment of the watershed.
(2) The basic work of environmental protection needs to be strengthened. To date, the Ili State "Eleventh Five-Year" environmental protection plan has not yet been determined, the autonomous region "Eleventh Five-Year" national economic and social development plan and the special planning, industrial park planning are not in accordance with the law to carry out environmental impact assessment. Basin environmental protection has not yet embarked on a standardized, legalized track.
(C) industrial project environmental violations are common. In the implementation of the national "environmental impact assessment" system and "three simultaneous" system, the construction of industrial projects, "first on the bus, after the ticket" or "on the bus, do not buy a ticket. After getting on the bus, do not buy tickets" and illegal approvals and other issues are prominent, in the previous section of the mapping work, the inspection of the 134 enterprises did not implement the "environmental impact assessment" of 36, accounting for 30% of the total number of new projects; did not implement the "three simultaneous" system and did not pass the environmental protection system, and the construction of industrial projects. "system and did not pass the environmental acceptance of 62, accounting for 53.9% of the total number of enterprises have been put into operation.
Key sewage enterprises, especially tanning, sugar, flax, iron and steel, papermaking, coking, food processing, coal mining and other enterprises, the construction of pollution control facilities are lagging behind or do not operate normally, the phenomenon of excessive discharge of sewage is widespread, the Ili River Basin 22 pollutant discharge of key enterprises, built pollution control facilities of 16, has been accepted by the discharge of 12, 4 enterprises, although the pollution control facilities Although 4 enterprises have pollution control facilities, there are problems of improper operation of pollution control facilities or sewage treatment failing to meet the discharge standards, and 6 enterprises have problems of excessive discharge without pollution control facilities. The above enterprises discharge 2.898 million tons of wastewater to the Ili River each year, and the discharge rate is only 50.8%.
Many projects are lagging behind in the construction of environmental protection facilities or facilities are not perfect, most of the enterprises have a low level of pollution management, management is not in place, there is the problem of excessive emissions. For example, Xinjiang Tunhe Xinyuan Sugar Co., Ltd. and Sifang Group Xinning Sugar Co., Ltd. have not yet achieved discharge standards, "oxidation ponds" built on the side of the river, there are environmental safety hazards.
Business leaders do not know enough about environmental protection, environmental awareness is weak, pollution control capital investment is not enough, many enterprises in the construction and production process, not in accordance with the requirements of the EIA approval of the construction of pollution control facilities, resulting in excessive emissions. Yili Iron and Steel Company and its subsidiary Jinzhi Coking Plant, Kolker Coal Mine and other enterprises such problems are more prominent.
(D) urban sewage treatment facilities lagging behind the construction of existing treatment facilities, poor management. Basin counties and cities in addition to the city of Yining City are no domestic sewage treatment plant, sewage is directly discharged into the Ili River or tributaries without treatment. Yining City built two secondary domestic sewage treatment plant, treatment scale total 65,000 tons / day, of which the west sewage treatment plant (25,000 tons / day) is not running normally, the main pollutants out of the water concentration seriously exceeded the standard, the lower reaches of the Ili River water quality impact.
(E) overloading overgrazing so that the ecological function of natural pasture degradation, part of the rough development of minerals, the ecological environment damage, exacerbated the natural geological disasters and soil erosion, affecting the water quality of the river.
(F) environmental supervision and management is not in place. Construction project environmental protection approval there is inappropriate administrative intervention, the state and county departments concerned environmental supervision is not effective, the fulfillment of their duties is not in place, there is lax law enforcement, the phenomenon of lawlessness, resulting in the implementation of environmental protection measures or even serious violations of the law. Environmental protection department personnel quality, business level and self-construction capacity needs to be improved.
(VII), the environmental protection department of the existing monitoring instruments and equipment aging, monitoring capacity can not meet the needs of the work. Environmental monitoring capacity building is insufficient, the level of administration in accordance with the law needs to be strengthened.
Second, the Ili River Basin environmental protection countermeasures recommended
For the main environmental problems in the Ili River Basin, it is recommended to take the following measures to effectively strengthen the environmental and ecological protection and pollution prevention and management work:
(a) Ili State should be in accordance with the requirements of economic development and environmental protection in harmony, in the development and utilization of resources to implement the ecological priority policy, follow the laws of nature, in accordance with the different regions of the resource development and utilization, and to implement the priority policy for ecological environment. The law of nature, in accordance with the resource endowment and environmental functions of different regions, the delineation of the optimization of development, key development, restricted development and prohibited development areas, to determine the appropriate direction of development and policy, optimize the industrial structure and industrial layout.
(B) accelerate the pace of environmental protection infrastructure. Accelerate the development of Yili State "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" environmental protection planning and pollution prevention and control of the Yili River Basin planning progress, proposed the development of "Yili River Basin environmental protection regulations" and "Yili River Basin mining development and ecological restoration methods "
The Ili River Basin Environmental Protection Regulations and the Ili River Basin Mining Development and Ecological Restoration Measures are recommended to be formulated, and the environmental impact assessment of various plans should be carried out according to the law.
(C) further increase industrial pollution prevention and control efforts. The establishment of a good governance structure for environmental protection, the use of a variety of means to increase corporate pollution control efforts, the development of a deadline for the treatment of plans and pollutant reduction plan. Governments at all levels to urge the existing polluting enterprises, the deadline for pollution control, overdue emissions do not meet the mandatory measures to be taken, all shut down. Strengthen the daily supervision of enterprises to ensure the normal operation of pollution control facilities. To strict approval of new projects in accordance with the law, the strict implementation of the environmental impact assessment and "three simultaneous" system, to avoid overstep approval. New industrial projects should be reasonable site selection, strict control of water pollution, paper and other heavy pollution projects shall not discharge sewage into the river. Strictly prohibit high emissions, heavy pollution projects in the water environment sensitive areas. Enterprises should implement cleaner production, improve the management level, reduce the amount of sewage discharge.
(D) to accelerate the pace of construction of urban and urban sewage treatment facilities, develop appropriate policies to reduce the operating costs of sewage treatment plants, strengthen government supervision, supervise the normal operation of sewage treatment facilities, to ensure that cities, towns and industrial parks to meet the standards for the discharge of domestic sewage.
(E) to further increase ecological protection and construction efforts to strengthen the watershed of mineral resources and tourism resources development and environmental management, the implementation of ecological protection and vegetation restoration measures; accelerate the pace of returning farmland to forests and pasture grass, the strict implementation of grass for livestock, soil erosion, reduce agricultural pollution on the river surface water quality pressure.
(F) the party committees and governments at all levels to select political, business, management cadres to strengthen the leadership of the environmental protection team, to strengthen the basic capacity building of environmental protection, improve the environmental monitoring and supervision equipment, to achieve standardization of construction. To support the environmental protection department to enforce the law, put an end to administrative intervention in violation of environmental regulations.
(VII), environmental protection departments at all levels to conscientiously fulfill their duties, environmental law enforcement officers to learn to use, scientific use and good use, to dare to enforce the law, dare to take on the hard, increase penalties, according to the law to severely investigate and deal with all types of environmental violations, and resolutely put an end to the phenomenon of administrative inaction.
(H), increase environmental protection publicity to improve the environmental awareness of leaders at all levels and heads of enterprises.