First, financing difficulties and lack of financial support.
Most of the early start-up funds are saved by migrant workers who work outside the home all the year round, which are mainly used for purchasing cost materials, renting office space, paying employees' salaries and various preparatory work. When the start-up enterprises and projects officially start to operate, they will need more funds.
Such as product design and publicity, professional training, and paying various social security fees for employees. At this time, the establishment of enterprises has not yet begun to make profits, and migrant workers are once again facing the dilemma of raising funds. How to get more funds to maintain the normal operation of enterprises is a problem that must be solved at this time.
Second, technical support is not in place.
If migrant workers want to succeed in starting a business, they must keep pace with the times and adapt to the changes in the market. Migrant workers work outside the home all the year round, have seen many scientific and technological products, and also enjoy the convenience brought by modern science and technology. When they return to China to start a business, they will want to bring this experience back to their hometown to start a business, mainly including advanced technical equipment and technical talents. However, due to their low educational level, weak learning ability and low understanding ability, it is often difficult for migrant workers to establish a science and technology-supported enterprise. In the whole process of returning migrant workers to start their own businesses, there are difficulties at the end of the month in the purchase of hardware equipment and the training and counseling of technical staff, which not only fails to take advantage of the normal development of enterprises, but also affects the enthusiasm of entrepreneurs.
Third, the entrepreneurial atmosphere is not strong.
Compared with cities, the economic environment in rural areas is relatively depressed and modern media communication is underdeveloped. Typical successful entrepreneurs cannot be known to the masses in time, and migrant workers have very limited access to relevant entrepreneurial information. At the same time, in rural areas, there are no entrepreneurial brochures, entrepreneurial columns, entrepreneurial banners and entrepreneurial slogans.
A large number of returning migrant workers said that they were not familiar with the word entrepreneurship. There are also some migrant workers who choose to start a business, saying that there is always a deep sense of powerlessness in the process of starting a business, as if no one is in charge.
Fourth, the lack of a mature entrepreneurial environment.
Many returning migrant workers choose traditional industries such as retail, wholesale and catering in the region, but these industries generally have low entry barriers, and it is unknown whether the service quality can be guaranteed. At the same time, there is also a state of market saturation, and new enterprises are facing the risk of bankruptcy without realizing profitability.
In the early stage of starting a business, migrant workers need to register and approve the business and prepare various materials, and this process often takes a long time. This time cost is sunk cost, which affects the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of migrant workers to start businesses.
Fifth, the entrepreneurial awareness is not strong.
Migrant workers returning home are mainly engaged in some manual labor and technical jobs in cities. After returning home, due to physical and family reasons, more people want to pursue stability, and because of traditional thinking, they are unwilling to take risks and choose to start a business. Entrepreneurial action only stays in words.
Six, entrepreneurial projects can be less selective.
Restricted by the geographical environment, the rural economy is underdeveloped, mainly developing agriculture, and the secondary and tertiary industries are mainly catering and retail. When migrant workers return from cities to rural areas to start businesses, most of them will choose the same industry as in cities, because they have accumulated rich work experience and skills and will be more handy for their own entrepreneurial projects.
But the reality is that these industries rarely exist in rural areas, and the stored working knowledge and skills are useless. In the end, we can only choose ordinary projects that everyone chooses, such as opening restaurants, engaging in wholesale and so on. However, this will create a new problem, that is, in this small-scale market in rural areas, it is easy to reach saturation, which will affect profits, and the entrepreneurial morale of migrant workers will be low, and finally it will only end hastily.
Summary: The reasons for this series of difficulties include the limitations of migrant workers' own cognition, the imperfection of rural financial institutions, the lack of supporting services and a good entrepreneurial atmosphere. On this basis, analyzing the existing entrepreneurial policies, summarizing the parts that need to be improved, and how to solve many difficulties and give more powerful policy suggestions and support are the keys to the success of migrant workers returning home to start businesses.