The long years have left this city with the civilization of ancient human history. Medieval churches, towers, Renaissance palaces, luxury houses, century-old shops and long street Gu Xiang abound. The center of Lucerne itself is not very big, and the main attractions are scattered within walking distance. Capel Bridge and Octagonal Water Tower are landmarks of Lucerne and the most common buildings on Swiss postcards. The Lion Monument tells a history of Switzerland and is a symbol of Swiss loyalty and perseverance. For Lucerne, swimming in the lakes of four forest States is the most enjoyable. Different cruise lines can also lead to various holiday towns by the lake and famous peaks in the Alps.
Lucerne, located in central Switzerland, is a beautiful city and one of the largest summer resorts in Switzerland. Lucerne was founded in the 8th century. In 1332, it formed an alliance with the surrounding areas of Uri, Schwier and Lower Walden, becoming the first four states of the Swiss Confederation, and then became the administrative center of the Confederation for a long time. Therefore, the lake surrounded by Sizhou is named "Sizhou Forest Lake". Although we can't make it into the top three cities today, we must not miss going to Switzerland. Lucerne is small and exquisite, and the main attractions can be reached within walking distance. Lucerne with a long history, churches and towers in the Middle Ages, palaces and mansions in the Renaissance, century-old shops and Gu Xiang in Dragon Street abound. West Forest State Lake, now commonly known as "Lake Lucerne", flows into the Royce River and divides the town into two parts: the new city and the old city. The lake reflects the beautiful scenery of the city, and swimming in it is both true and illusory.
Lucerne has the modernization of 2 1 century, and has the unique beauty, harmony and vitality in the Middle Ages. Murals of the times and styles can be seen everywhere on the streets here, and the ancient narrow streets and squares of the city are full of stopping shops. Visitors can not only feel the laid-back atmosphere here, but also the whole city is full of cheerful and unrestrained atmosphere during the Lucerne Carnival in winter and the Lucerne and Lucerne Music Festival in summer.
City sign
There are many Renaissance and Baroque buildings and fountains in Lucerne. The square is paved with pebbles, and the herringbone hut is painted with bright colors. This kind of scenery is really charming. There are several squares in the ancient city: Wugu Square, Deer Square, Wine Market and Grain Market. Mount Pilatus, the gateway of Lucerne, the wooden bridge in capel with Mount Pilatus as the background and the octagonal water tower, the landmark of Lucerne, can be seen in most parts of the ancient city. The traffic museum is a few minutes' drive from the city center. It is the largest traffic museum in Europe and the only planetarium in Switzerland. Lucerne's specialties are Swiss watches, high-grade jewelry, chocolates, sabers, hand-crafted lace and embroidery. The shopping area in the new city starts from the railway station along Pilatus Street, and the shopping area in the old city begins to spread to the old city from Schweizerhofquai, Schwanenplatz and Kapellplatz near the lake. Swan Square and its surrounding watch shops, jewelry stores and watch brand stores are numerous, and it ranks as the two major watch and jewelry shopping centers in Europe together with Paris Vendomé Square.
famous scenic spot
There are three famous tourist attractions in the old town of Lucerne. The first is the covered bridge water tower (capel Muqiao octagonal water tower), the second is the lion monument, and the third is the wonderful Museg city wall. Stadtkeller restaurant in Weggisgasse Hutong in the old city has folk song and dance performances every night from April to June, serving local beer and Swiss specialties. Lake Lucerne has the most tourist routes and the largest inland lake fleet in Switzerland, including five antique steam cruise ships. From Lucerne, you can easily reach Mount St. Regis, which is also a popular skiing and sightseeing resort. You can also reach Mount Pilatus, where there is the steepest toothed-rail mountaineering train in the world, and this peak is also the gateway of Lucerne. Landscape scroll
Speaking of Switzerland, what fascinates people is a beautiful landscape: swift streams, blue lakes, tall and straight Chinese fir forests and majestic snow peaks ... In this breathtaking nature, exquisite and unique battlements are scattered all over the place. The beauty of nature created by heaven and the beauty of artificially decorated buildings are in harmony. I'm afraid there will never be another place so beautiful in the world. It has gradually formed a charming tourist attraction. From Geneva in the southwest to St. Gallen in the northeast; From Basel in the northwest to Lugano in the southeast, which city is not like a pearl sown by a fairy? However, one of these pearls is so extraordinary: it not only shines with today's brilliance, but also conveys the glory of the past! This is the beautiful ancient city-Lucerne.
It is located in the center of this mountainous country. Back in Rome, it was just a fishing village with few families. Later, a lighthouse was built to guide the passing ships, so it was named Lucerne, which means "light" in Latin. Lucerne was founded in 1 178. 1386, Lucerne and its surrounding areas formed a state of Switzerland. The long years have left the city with the civilization of ancient human history; In this country which is getting richer and richer by tourism, Lucerne's position is becoming more and more important. Roaming around Lucerne will surely make you discover many extraordinary feelings.
tourism
By the end of 18, Lucerne was still a medieval town, but since the rise of tourism in 1830, Lucerne has changed and developed. With the rise of the British upper-class holiday trend represented by Queen Victoria,1At the beginning of the 9th century, an elegant pedestrian zone was built on the landfill of Yanhe Lake, such as the Jesuit Tankui. Under the egg? And Schweizerhofquai in Switzerland. Subsequently, the casino was built on the national pier. At the same time, the Hof Bridge and a defensive wall with 40 watchtowers and entrances were demolished, opening the completely closed old city. 1875, Muskeg Mountain was built. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/9th century, there were 10000 residents living on 57 hectares of land in the urban area. By 1890, the urban area has tripled and the population has expanded to 20,000. Shortly thereafter, before the outbreak of World War I, the city had 40,000 residents.
/kloc-Some large luxury hotels were built 0/900 years ago, many of which were built for tourists. At present, the five-star hotels on the lakeside, namely, Hotel Schweizer Hof Luzern in Schwaetzer, Palace Hotel Luzern and Grand National Hotel Luzern, were all built in that era. 1836 is the beginning of the steamboat era on Lake Lucerne. After 1859, the train arrived in Lucerne. Before World War I, there was even a Swiss Air Force Base in Shencheng, Tribbe, Lucerne.
World War I and the Great Depression set back Lucerne's tourism for several years. However, Amin's beautifully designed art and conference center still opened in 1933, and the first international music festival was held in 1938.
In World War II, Lucerne went through another difficult period. After the war, it took several years to recover. American soldiers' holiday in Lucerne is helpful to the recovery of local tourism. In 1950s and 1960s, the number of stay days increased from 700,000 to 850,000. In 1970s, the number of stay days reached 65,438+0,000,000. In the next few decades, the number of days of accommodation has repeatedly exceeded this record. In 2000, the tourism output value of Lucerne was 7 15000000 Swiss francs. There are 9,400 tourism professionals. The output value of tourism accounts for 8.7% of Lucerne's GDP. By train in Lucerne, you can reach the picturesque mountain city of ingeborg in 1 hour. According to legend, Benedictine monks followed the voice of angels into this valley and established a monastery, hence the name Engelberg (Land of Angels). There are more than 30 angel statues in the town. Before World War I, ingeborg had become a summer resort for the upper class in Europe. The most magnificent building in the town is the Benedictine monastery in ingeborg, which once ruled the valley and was directly connected with the Pope. After all, it was calm. Tourists go to the monastery garden to taste ingeborg cheese invented by monks.
The highest peak in central Switzerland, Mount Titlis, is located here. Although the elevation of Tielix Mountain is 10000 feet, it only takes three cable cars to reach the top in 45 minutes. The design of Tielishan aerial cable car is very unique. The last section is a cable car that can rotate 360 degrees, which has a wide field of vision and is the first in the world. The top of Tielix Mountain is covered with snow all year round, and there are thousands of glaciers on the mountain. After arriving at the peak cable car station, visitors can enter the ice cave to touch the original ice layer; You can take the "Glacier Flying Cross" hanging chair and leap over the glacier cracks; You can walk on the glacier; You can also go to the glacier paradise to play with snow. Eight free snow toys are addictive. There are many restaurants, ice cream stations, souvenir shops, photo studios of ethnic and classical costumes and Swiss lions, which is the only professional watch shop on the top of the mountain in Europe. Especially try the panoramic restaurant on the top of Tielix Mountain. Dining in the snowy mountain is absolutely not to be missed. At the beginning of 20 13, in order to commemorate the establishment of Tielix Mountain Cable Car Company 100 anniversary, the 0/00-meter-long suspension bridge in Europe/kloc-Tielix Lingxiao Rock Road was completed and opened to traffic at the top of the mountain at 3040m m. Just like the slogan of Tielix Mountain, "Ice and snow journey, happy seasons", Tielix Snow Mountain attracts tourists from all over the world all year round, with more than 3 million people so far.
Ingeborg-Tielishan Winter Snow Resort ranks among Swiss 10 ski resorts, and the skiing season usually lasts from the end of June to April of the following year. During the skiing season, Igloo, an Eskimo-style igloo hotel, will be built with snow in the Trumbu Lake area in the Mid-Levels.
mt. pilatus
Looking up at the capel Covered Bridge in Lucerne, you can see the majestic and steep Pilatus Mountain with the legend of dragons on it. Mount Pilatus is the gateway and landmark of Lucerne. There are Pilatus Street and Radio Pilatus here, which shows its importance. Mount Pilatus has become a world-class scenic spot, with the steepest mountaineering train in the world and the "Golden Tour of Mount Pilatus" project.
The best route for sightseeing is to start from Lucerne, take the waterway, sail on Lake Lucerne, and indulge in the scenery on both sides of the strait in the breeze; 1.5 hours later, abandon the ship and go ashore, and take the gear train slowly climbing on the world's steepest (48) mountain gear railway to the top of the mountain. Along the way, you can enjoy the changes of alpine vegetation, magnificent mountains and occasionally passing antelopes. On the top of the mountain, there are Dragon Road, restaurants, hotels, souvenir shops, observation decks and a well-equipped conference hall called "Dragon Forum". After enjoying the 73 peaks and countless lakes in the Alps, you can choose the cable car when you go down the mountain. Two ropeways, one big and one small, gradually approached the ancient city of Lucerne. In the middle station of the cable car, there is the longest summer dry land sleigh track and rope climbing paradise in Switzerland. After going down the mountain, you can walk or take a bus back to the old town of Lucerne.
Reggie, mt
Mount Rigi, located at the forefront of the Alps, is known as the "Queen of Mountains" and is the most famous observation deck in central Switzerland. It has been a famous place to watch sunrise and sunset since ancient times. From the observation deck at the top of the mountain, you can enjoy all the views of the Alps, the Black Forest extending to Germany and the French Plain. Weber, Mendelssohn, victor hugo and other cultural celebrities visited here in the early19th century. 1864, Queen Victoria of England also visited Mount St. Regis. 187 1 year, a mountaineering railway was built here, which is also the first mountaineering railway in Europe, and there are still steam locomotives. Now, tourists can take the mountaineering train from Fitznaugh or Garda, or take the cable car in Vergis, and then change to the mountaineering train to see the scenery. The towns of Fitznaugh and Vergis at the foot of Swiss Mountain are famous hot spring resorts in Lake Lucerne. It takes less than an hour by boat from Lucerne Pier to reach the mountaineering railway station in Fitznaugh. Mount St. Regis is elegant and gentle, with a walking path over 100 km. There are many hotels, restaurants and holiday apartments. Beautiful scenery and rich Swiss customs attract many tourists and business guests to hold meetings and trainings here every year.
Entlebuch Biosphere in the United Nations Ecosphere
There is almost no other place in Switzerland comparable to Lucerne, which is a natural treasure of the "Wild West". The area of 400 square kilometers is a mysterious and colorful world, full of tranquility, inspiration and excitement. The unspoiled moorland, rugged karst Yuan Ye and picturesque hillside are typical features of the first Swiss ecological reserve. Entrebuch Biosphere H is also a good place for various activities, such as mountain biking, walking, golf and so on. Visiting the Kneipp treatment center in flu hli schwandalpweher is a refreshing experience.
chapel bridge
Capel means "church" in German. St Peter's Church is not far from the bridge, hence the name "Kapel Bridge". The railings on both sides of the bridge are decorated with red flowers all the year round, which looks like a flower gallery, also known as the flower bridge.
Kabel Bridge is an important symbol of Lucerne, which was built in 1333 and is the water wall of Lucerne. This bridge is the oldest wooden covered bridge in Europe. The bridge is about 200 meters long, but it is not a straight bridge. It has two small bends. There is a colorful painting at the top of the covered bridge every few meters. There are 1 10 paintings, and10 began painting in the 7th century. Most of the contents of each painting are the historical features of Lucerne and the stories of historical heroes of Lucerne. There is an octagonal water tower with a height of 34 meters at the corner in the middle of the bridge. The tower is built on a rock in the water. The tower is built around 1300, and the wooden bridge is connected with the water tower. As a watchtower, the water tower is a part of the city's defense facilities. In addition, it was also used as a warehouse for keeping trophies and property in wartime, and was also used as a prison and execution room for a while. The current water tower is the hall of Lucerne Ordnance Association and the exhibition hall of ancient ordnance. The water tower and the flower bridge lie horizontally, which together constitute the wonderful beauty of the water tower flower bridge (water tower covered bridge). Unfortunately, in August 1993, most of Capel Bridge was destroyed by fire, and the water tower was not damaged. After the fire, the existing Kakkar bridge was repaired.
Purroy Yale Bridge (Goubrin Bridge)
Located on the west side of Kabel Bridge, there is also a wooden covered bridge. Founded in 1408, it is only 80 meters long. Like the Kabel Bridge, it is not a straight bridge, but has a small bend. There is a small church in the middle of the bridge. At the top of the covered bridge, there are 67 wooden colored paintings "Dance of Death", which were painted by Caspar Meglinger 1626, describing the popular scene of the Black Death in Europe that year, and the equality between the rich and the poor before death. It is named because the miller often pours chaff into the river here.
The dying lion in Lucerne (Lion Monument)
This is one of the most famous statues in the world. 182 1 year was carved on natural rocks by Danish sculptors. The lion, with a length of 10 meter and a height of more than 3 meters, fell to the ground in pain, with a broken spear on his shoulder and a shield with the Swiss national emblem beside him. This statue is to commemorate the 786 Swiss mercenaries who died in August 1792, and to protect the safety of Louis XVI's family in the Tuileries Palace in Paris. There are words describing the event under the statue. At that time, Switzerland was a poor and backward country, and men were forced to be mercenaries in European countries. Swiss mercenaries are loyal to their employers and brave and good at fighting, but honor and money can't hide the cruelty of the mercenary system. After this incident, Switzerland stopped exporting mercenaries, leaving only the guards who served the Catholic Church in the Vatican. Because of its famous loyalty and courage, the Swiss Holy Guard has been serving until now. Later, American writer Mark Twain came to Lucerne and praised the "dying Lucerne lion" as "the most tragic and touching statue in the world".
Lucienne Cathedral (Lucerne)
Church of Jesus
The Jesuit church, the first large baroque church in Switzerland, is luxuriously decorated. 1666 was built by Father Christopher vogler for Jesuits (a sect of Catholicism). The decoration of the dome was completed in the middle of18th century. Hofkirche, with two beautiful spires, is located in the north of Lake Lucerne and is the most important church in Lucerne. The building started in 735 AD, and it is a Romanesque building. It was transformed into Gothic in14th century, severely damaged by a fire in17th century, and then transformed into Renaissance. The interior of the church is solemn and solemn, and there are vivid and exquisite carving patterns on the altar. The organ of the church, made in 1640, * * * has 4,950 organ tubes and is still used at the summer music festival in Lucerne.
The Franciscan church, which was built in the second half of13rd century, is a Gothic building. Compared with other Swiss churches built in the middle of Renaissance and Baroque, it has the most magnificent pulpit.
Wagner museum
Richard Wagner, a great German musician, lived in Lucerne from 0/866 to 0/872, which was the best time of his life. The residence is a lakeside villa in Shencheng, Tribbe, a suburb of Lucerne, and now it is a museum. Wagner completed masterpieces such as The Poet of Nuremberg and The Twilight of the Gods here, and married Liszt's daughter Kosima. Wagner's only son was also born here. The museum collects Wagner's personal belongings and music manuscripts during his stay in Lucerne, letters from Wagner and his friends, including Nietzsche, King Ludwig II of Bavaria and other celebrities, Wagner's bedroom, and an exhibition of paintings of Wagner's travels in Switzerland. There are also many treasures of ancient musical instruments produced in Europe, Africa and Asia, most of which were later collected by museums and had nothing to do with Wagner. The villa is located in the villa area near the lake, with open grass and beautiful scenery.
Rosengart Collection Museum
The Rosengart family collected the works of classic modernist painters such as Picasso and paul klee, featuring chairs, and also collected the works of world famous artists in the 9th and 20th centuries, such as Monet, Cezanne, Vial, bonnard, Matisse, Braque, Lege, Miro, Xia Jiaer and Kandinsky. Picasso museum's collection, originally owned by the Rosengart family, is located in the17th century mansion near the old town hall, and also moved here. This part of the collection is mainly the works and manuscripts of Rosengart's good friend Picasso in the last 20 years before his death, most of which were bequeathed by Picasso. There are more than 200 photos taken by Zhang Dawei Douglas Duncan, Picasso's work photos and daily life photos, and photos taken on vacation with the Rosengart family.
Opening hours: April-65438+1October/10: 00-18: 00; 11-March/11:00-17: 00
Museg city wall
The city wall was built in 1386. Together with the original wooden corridor wall on the Lois River and four forest state lakes, it surrounds the whole old city, forming a water-land wall. At present, only Kapel Bridge and Goubrin Bridge are left on the water wall, and only a 900-meter-long bridge is left on the land wall. There are nine towers above the city wall, and three towers are open to the public. People can climb the city wall from above and overlook the whole old city. On the Zyt tower, there is the oldest city clock, which was built by Hans luter in 1535. Every hour, this clock is one minute earlier than that in all other cities. Casbah
There are medieval buildings and streets. The old municipal building was built between 1602 and 1606. This is an Italian building with a classical and solemn style. There are many squares in the old city. Capel Square, with St. Peter's Church on the side and Gothic Fountain in the center, is the opening venue of the famous Lucerne Carnival. A grain market near the old municipal building. In the wine market, the surrounding houses are painted with murals, and you can enjoy the Gothic fountain in the center of the square. Deer Square is also surrounded by houses painted with murals. And Mirren Square, where there are many ancient buildings. There are all kinds of characteristic masks everywhere, ancient narrow streets and squares, stopped shops, Renaissance and Baroque buildings and fountains. The square is paved with pebbles, and the walls of the herringbone hut are painted with colorful flowers and plants, which are fresh and beautiful. Walking along the river and the lake, you can see a wooden covered bridge across the river-Cabel Covered Bridge.
Swiss Museum of Transport
It is the largest transportation museum with the richest exhibits in Europe, with more than 7,000 cultural relics and10.5 million important historical documents. There are canoes and medieval carriages more than 3,000 years ago, steam locomotives and mountaineering trains in the19th century, old cars and planes in the 20th century, and future spaceships, with more than 3,000 physical exhibits. The exhibition systematically introduces the development of roads, railways and water transportation, as well as the contents of space transportation. The exhibition pays attention to interactivity and fun, and there are interesting activities such as fighter simulation, train driving, car collision test, rowing competition and car display platform. There is also an activity area specially set up for children to learn driving traffic rules and the construction of roads and railways through games. The Swiss map may be the prototype of Google Maps.
The museum also has IMAX cinema, planetarium and Hans Neil Art Museum.
Opening hours: March-65438+1October/10: 00-18: 00; 11-March/10:00- 17:00
Glacier park
There are landforms left by Quaternary glaciers here, which were discovered by workers during excavation in 1872. The strata, rocks, caves and caves eroded by glaciers show the ancient Swiss landforms. There is also a glacier museum in the park, with objects, models and pictures to let people know about glaciers. There are gardens and watchtowers, Swiss houses, a million-year wonder exhibition and a mirror maze in Alhambra.
Opening hours: April -65438+ 10/9: 00-18: 00; 11-March/10:00- 17:00
KKL Lucerne Cultural Art Center
This beautiful modern building, built on Lake Lucerne, is fully functional and can meet the requirements of performances, conferences, exhibitions and celebrations. The building was designed by JeanNouvel, an outstanding French architect, and skillfully introduced the lake into the hall. Among them, the large-scale concert hall was designed by RusselJohnson, with 65,438+0,840 comfortable seats and excellent sound effects, which was highly praised by the world's top conductors, musicians and orchestras. Lucerne Festival is held here every year.
Tourist Information Center: Located at Lucerne Railway Station, the main entrance is on the central street. Monday-Friday: 8: 30-19: 00; Saturday: 9: 00-19: 00; Sunday: 9:00- 17:00. Provide all kinds of tourism consultation, tourism products and hotel reservation services in Lucerne.
General store business hours: Monday to Wednesday 9: 00-18: 30; Thursday and Friday 9: 00-21:00; Saturday 9: 00-16: 00; Rest on Sunday
Market:
-Weekly fruit, vegetable and flower market: Tuesday and Saturday morning, near Kapel Bridge.
-Flea market: May to 10, Untere Burgerstrasse and Reusssteg Street.
-Monthly agricultural products market: March to 65438+February, the first Wednesday of each month, Banhoff Street.
-Handicraft market: from April to 10, the first Saturday of each month 165438, and in June, Wenmark Square and Hershey Square 5438+February.
Special shopping: Swan Square clock and jewelry business circle is opposite to Lake Lucerne, and is listed as two major clock and jewelry shopping centers in Europe together with Vendome Square in Paris, France. It is also the most beautiful shopping area in Switzerland. Besides Bucherer, Guebelin and Embassy, there are many famous watch brand stores in the square. Another business district where watch shops are concentrated in the city is the Lion Square next to the Lion Monument.
Catering: Swiss catering is influenced by Germany, France, Italy and other countries. Locals prefer Italian flavor. Every village in the city has its own flavor. The best place to taste Swiss food is Stadtkeller Swiss folk song and dance restaurant in the old town.
Accommodation: There are more than 80 hotels of various grades in the urban area. Five-star hotels include Hotel Schweizer Hof Luzern, Grand Hotel National, Palace Luzern, Renaissance Lucerne Hotel, The Hotel (five-star designer boutique hotel) and Art Deco Hotel Montana (rated as the best four-star hotel in Switzerland). Every August, Lucerne becomes the most attractive tourist destination in Switzerland, one of the reasons is that the annual international music festival will be held here. From bookstores to grocery stores, the decorations in the window are all about music. People can see the portraits of Beethoven, Mozart, Chopin, Strauss and other music masters placed on flowers or various commodities; Violin, cello, piano, flute and even music have become bestsellers. During the music festival lasting for several weeks, all kinds of performances are held in concert halls, large and small, which are always packed. Even if there is no chance to go to the concert hall, it is not difficult for people to witness the elegance of musicians: from the station to the hotel, from the river bank to the lake, they often meet some familiar faces, most of whom are music stars.
This encounter is also a pleasure and edification. The baptism of the music festival has made Lucerne people have a special liking for music, and people have more or less become bosom friends of this art.