Hancheng guidebook 1 Walking in Hancheng, there are many temples, pavilions, palaces and historic sites. Pine and cypress also exudes an ancient and elegant atmosphere, which is intriguing, but I always thought that its massiness originated from Sima Qian. Anyone who comes to Hancheng will not miss visiting Sima Temple.
From Hancheng Zhichuan Town to the east, walk along a broad and bright asphalt avenue and cross the houses on both sides, and you will suddenly see the light. Looking south, a high mountain stands tall, with lush cypresses, and a looming temple lies in the arms of cypresses.
Walking through the zhixiu ancient bridge, a tall brick and wood archway came into view. The powerful Chinese character "Sima Temple of Han Taishi" shines brightly. Stepping on the road paved with bluestone, and then stepping on more than ten steps, it is the main entrance. The door plaque is a line of official script "Tomb of Sima Qian Temple of Han Taishi", with elegant font style and noble atmosphere. Entering the gate, the path paved with bluestone twists and turns until it reaches the top of the mountain. The pine trees along the road are tall and straight, towering into the sky, and the crisp chirping of tits among pine and cypress brings silence to the mountains.
When you climbed the small slope, your eyes suddenly opened and a magnificent ancestral temple stood in front of you. A closer look reveals that there is a plaque with "Sima Qian's aphorism and China cursive aphorism exhibition room", and the four Hong Zhou eaves are painted uneven, showing vicissitudes of life. Walking into the spacious exhibition hall, the stone tablet with the fragrance of pen and ink is impressive. Looking around the inscriptions, I saw that calligraphy was either bold and unrestrained, swallowing Wan Li, or the rain dispersed, moistening things silently, or the wind rose in Dapeng, and whales sprayed waves; Or fall from a cliff, a glimpse, how many literati left footprints here, leaving a nostalgia and admiration for Shi Sheng. Looking back, Tai Shigong, who carefully constructed the theory of "gathering old news from all over the world, testing it and testing its success or failure", would never have thought of the glory and nobility behind him. The vast Liangshan Mountains! The endless Yellow River! Such an amazing genius was born!
Walking through the brick-wood archway, you can see the majestic Sima Temple standing on the Chinese-English translation slope, surrounded by pine and cypress, green and dripping, stepping on the uneven stone road, following the footsteps of admirers climbing for thousands of years, stepping on the stone steps of the temple tomb, and winding into the top of the mountain with 99 stone steps, like a long dragon. Climb stairs; However, I feel that the mountain is steep and my vision is wide. Looking back, the Yellow River is far away and its source is picturesque. This is a towering ancestral temple that transcends everything in the world and lives alone! Standing in the annual ring of time, what are you saying to people silently?
After wind and rain erosion, the "rivers and mountains sun" stands tall. After that, it went up nine steps, that is, the Temple of Sima, which was praised by the people of Hancheng as "Gao Fen, a Taishi". When I entered the ancestral temple, I saw that "the temple is magnificent and the party will be listed." In the courtyard, the cypresses are towering, the flowers and trees are beautiful, the birds are singing among the pines and cypresses, and it is quiet. The four characters "Shi Sheng Qian Qiu" are impressive, and the couplets on both sides are "tall and straight, stay straight, and travel in the clouds, which is impressive". Inside the temple, Sima Qian sat reverently with a long beard and bright eyes, showing extraordinary ambition and mind. There are many stone tablets in the temple, which are mostly remembered and evaluated by later generations, especially Guo Mo. As the poem says: "There is a spirit show in Longmen, a dragon in Yu Zhong, and unprecedented wealth in learning and raising, and the article is outstanding. Compassion is like an axe, and breath is like a neon. If you pursue your father, you will be a great historian. " This poem highly praised Sima Qian's achievements in his life. Seeing this, I can't help but think of Lu Xun's high evaluation of Historical Records: "A historian's swan song has no rhyme."
Sima Qian's tomb is embedded with blue bricks and carved with bagua bricks. It is said that it was built at the order of Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan. There is a thousand-year-old cypress at the top of the tomb, which is vigorous and lingering. Like a huge palm holding the sky, cypress trees are singing and jumping, and their voices are bleak, as if lamenting that beautiful history. The tomb is also surrounded by cypress trees, dark and empty. Next to the Millennium ancient cypress, a green ancient cypress stands tall and stands in harmony with this Millennium ancient cypress. Later, I was fortunate to see the article "Dream Monument" written by Chu Suiliang, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Its text is as follows: In September of Yonghui's second year, he stabbed Tongzhou and sat in the West Hall at night. If so, if not, I still wake up from my dream. I saw a woman crying in heavy makeup. She said, "My concubine is also a servant of Sima Qian, the great teacher of the Han Dynasty. She is a native of Zhao Ping, and her surname is Qingyu by her first name. I moved here in 17, because I moved to famous mountains and brought my concubine here. I moved to Beijing because of something, but I lived in the same place, and then I moved away, and I also mourned the Changle Pavilion West. The Emperor of Heaven did not spare my life, so he took charge of this land. Who knows when generations will change? Where is the blood-enriching food? You will also be the master of the land, not separated from man and God, begging for a tomb to be immortal. I realized that. Ming said, "You are a lady and unworthy of the world. A gentleman's way will eventually lose his ambition. For hundreds of billions of years, Sri Lankans have been eating blood. "It's a pity that such a precious stone tablet rubbings didn't spread, but this sad dream tablet story brought people's thoughts to that distant time and space, which made people shed tears of sympathy for the unswerving woman and made Shi Gong feel sorry for sacrificing many tragic lives. I can't help but associate that strange cypress tree with the story of Dream Monument. Is it because of the sincerity of entertainment that you feel spiritual? In view of this, I wrote a poem to commemorate it:
Cangshan Liangshan, lush and cypress.
Shigong Temple, high and wide.
Living in the water for a long time sounds sad.
The ambition of entertainment is rational and spiritual.
When we went down the mountain, it was already sunset. Looking behind us, it is already green and bright.
Hancheng Tour Guide 2 This is a city bred in an inner room, and no one knows her; This is a "little Beijing" that has been quiet for thousands of years; This is a secret fairy city that is ready to be unveiled!
Looking at the territory of northwest and northeast Guanzhong, a bright pearl stands on the Weibei Plain, as illusory as a mirage, and it is the most beautiful. In the long river of 3,000 years, dynasties changed and history fluctuated. During the reign of Emperor Yangdi, a resounding name was finally given-Hancheng!
Located between Yinshan Mountain and Qinling Mountain, at the junction of Qin Jin Province, surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Yellow River in the east, it forms a mountain city similar to a "basin", so it has the landform of "seven mountains, one water and two fields". Photos of the right place and the right time, touching the gods, rich land products and fertile fields; China's famous pepper is widely spread all over the world. What's more, it has always been an important industrial town in northwest China, Longmen Park, which is dominated by coal and ranks first in the province, so it is called "Weibei Black Belt".
Open the ancient books, Xia, Shang and Zhou Yong, Dayu "guide the river to accumulate stones, as for Longmen." Comply with public opinion and benefit the people. The throat of the Yellow River, like an uncanny workmanship, surprised Hancheng. The earliest human project was the first of its kind. Yangshao culture, Longshan culture and Millennium sites are scattered inside and outside urban and rural areas. History continues to advance, the Yellow River twists and turns, surging, and the wheel of history comes to an abrupt end. On the anniversary of the Western Ocean, Hancheng was designated as the capital of Liang and the Han Dynasty, thus faithfully recording the rise and fall of a nation.
In the starry Seoul, Sima Qian is the person who can shine on China best. Shi Sheng is the eternal legacy of Sima. If you pursue your father's achievements, you will become a great historian. In the study of heaven and man, we can change the past and present and become a family statement. From Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to the later period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, 526,500 characters were the best, and the historical sites in China have been written for 3,000 years. It can be said that "the historian sings a swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme." Twenty miles away from the city, Sima Qian Temple has few south beams, many monuments in the hall, and cypress trees are towering. This building is magnificent. Overlooking the whole square, the atmosphere is spectacular and the cultural atmosphere is extremely strong. It is the first choice for millions of tourists to recall a generation of sages.
If Pingyao and Old Town of Lijiang are two wonders in human history, it is no exaggeration to say that the ancient city of Hancheng is not inferior. After Hancheng missed the opportunity to apply for the World Heritage in the last century, he realized that culture is a magic weapon to continue the lifeline. Therefore, the ancient city has become an important business card and core of Hancheng. Tracing back to its historical origin, we are surprised to find that it was built in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the historical rise and fall of 1500 years, it is implicit but not publicity. When you are in it, you will be intoxicated by its cultural atmosphere. Seventy-two lanes on Fifth Street are elegant and quaint. How can a word "beauty" fully explain the Ming and Qing dynasties in reincarnation?
It is said that falling in love with a city is because someone lives in it, but it is not, but because it has a beautiful scenery. Among the huge ancient cities, the most famous is the museum with the largest number of counties and cities in China. Confucian Temple, Dongying Temple, Chenghuang Temple. Three temples run through, north and south line. Different functions and long buildings. From the Tang and Song Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was praised by the Yuan Dynasty. Rich cultural genes make Hancheng have a tradition of respecting Confucianism and learning since ancient times. According to statistics, there were 1.396 candidates in the imperial examinations in the Ming and Qing dynasties, including Jinshi1.654,38+0.9, with 550 candidates and Gong Sheng 727. There are more than 130 people living in more than five categories. Only in the Qing Dynasty, there were 1 No.1 scholar, 2 yuan, 1 1 Xie Yuan, all of which were known as "prosperous areas for solving problems" and "prosperous areas for studying". There is also a generation of Shi Sheng, the champion of the two dynasties, the prime minister of the three dynasties, four generations of aristocratic families, the father and son's suggestion, the father and son know the state, the governor between the two generations, the brother assistant minister, the history of the North and the South, and one mother and three scholars.
In 20 19, a shocking two-week-old aristocratic tomb group appeared in Liang Dai village. The underground tomb of Guo Rui, which had been sleeping for 3,000 years, was born from the Yin Ruins, followed by military forces. The large scale, large quantity, high grade and well-preserved, truly show the prosperity of Gurui, and also bring mysterious colors to future generations.
With reverie, we are in awe of this ancient city. In the process of dynasty replacement and national integration, Hancheng was contested by military strategists of past dynasties because of its unique geographical environment. After thousands of years of retraction and precipitation, Hancheng has formed a pattern of "one city culture, one city history, one city scenic spot", among which, buildings in the Yuan Dynasty are all over urban and rural areas. According to statistics, the architecture of the Yuan Dynasty in Hancheng ranks first among the major cultural relics provinces in Shaanxi, among which Zhao Pu Temple and Dayu Temple are the most important, and they are truly China Natural Architecture Museum. This is the proudest trump card of all ancient buildings in Hancheng.
Hancheng, since ancient times, commercial exchanges have flourished and Shanxi merchants have gathered. There were "eight masters" in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which made Hancheng a rich place. Nine miles away from the city, there is an ancient village like a paradise-Dangjia Village. It was listed as the first batch of famous historical and cultural villages in China, and was twice shortlisted for the World Heritage application, and was called "the treasure of folk houses" by Li Ruihuan, the national leader. 100 sets of antique quadrangles reproduce the prosperity of merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties. Wood carving, stone carving and brick carving are all available; Old traditions, old customs and old looks are integrated, and the whole village is clean and simple, which is a well-deserved living fossil.
Hancheng wrote half the history of China in 3000 years, leaving a brilliant stroke in the history of human civilization. From the orphan of Zhao to the martyr of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, this is a monument of Hancheng spirit. And these, in the end, evolved into the character of Hancheng people. More than 900 intangible cultural heritages of mankind, represented by the magnificent and heavy drums in Hancheng, embody the spiritual world of 400,000 people in Hancheng!
From the Qishui River next to the Yu Xiu Bridge to the Longmen Wetland and Hancheng of the Yellow River, it not only has a strong humanistic style, but also the primitive ecological forest in the west has put a natural green barrier on this ancient city. Xuefeng Reservoir, Monkey Mountain, Xiangshan Red Leaves, Daling Scenery, Xiangshan Stone and Yushan Charm all have their own characteristics and are beautiful. There are hundreds of rare birds, which are rare in China. It's really "Hancheng Back Garden".
Looking back at history, we are full of glory.
Looking at the present, we are full of confidence.
Facing the future, we Yan Yan people are full of expectations.
On the occasion of xx, we hold high the banner of building a five-type city, take the opportunity of revitalizing the tourism and cultural industry in Hancheng Province, the Golden Triangle of the Yellow River, the Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Belt, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the construction of the Dongdaemun in Shaanxi Province, put industry and tourism in the same important position, and March into the top five economic counties and cities in Shaanxi and the top 100 in China. I believe that under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and hancheng city Tourism Bureau, Hancheng will definitely stand out in China in the near future.
Hancheng Guide Words 3 Sima Qian's Tomb is also called "Sima Qian's Temple" and "Tai Shi Kefa's Ancestral House". We used the "press card" to exempt everyone from the tickets to 35 yuan and easily entered the gate.
I find the press card very useful all over Shaanxi. Most scenic spots and historical sites respect writers and journalists and are released free of charge. Even 90 yuan, whose per capita ticket is expensive, visited the Qin Terracotta Warriors Memorial Hall. This shows that Shaanxi people respect culture and the broad mind of cultural people, and also shows that Sima's legacy is long-lasting and lasting. In the stinking southern cities, money is needed everywhere, and all departments have to charge. It is almost impossible to visit places of interest for free with a press card (except the background). In other words, in areas with developed market economy, culture and cultural people have depreciated.
Sima Qian's tomb was built on a high mountain. Entering the temple gate, you can see a steep Sima ancient road at a glance. This ancient road was originally called "Hanyipo", and later it was called "Sima Qian Temple" because it was built on the north side of the ancient road. According to the "Sima Ancient Road Monument", this ancient road was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and it is the main road in the west of Jin (Wei) country. After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, it was the only way for Hancheng and its surrounding areas to reach Chang 'an Kyoto. The existing stone strips were laid in the Northern Song Dynasty. The original length 1500 meters, now only 300 meters. After more than 800 years of wind and rain, the smooth stone strips have been uneven. The clear and numerous ruts on the stone strips are the once prosperous historical witness here, and also seem to indicate the ups and downs and tragic life of Sima Qian.
Climbing up the stairs along the ancient Sima Road, Sima Qian's tomb is just above our heads. I immediately realized the good intentions of the temple builders and grave builders-Sima Qian's unyielding soul should perch on a high mountain, perched on the head of all beings, for eternal admiration and future generations to look up to!
In front of Sima Qian's tomb, there is a black marble tombstone of Lu, the magistrate of Hancheng County during the reign of Qing Qianlong, engraved with "Sima Cemetery of Han Taishi". There is an ancient cypress on the top of the tomb, which was planted by Hawk Inghi, the first temple repairer, in the 4th year of Jin Yongjia (AD 3 10), with a history of 20 years. It is like a century-old man who has experienced vicissitudes of life, silently but clearly overlooking everything on the earth. Around Sima Qian's tomb, there are dozens of small cypress trees, which are not long in age and obviously planted by later generations. Legend has it that after Sima Qian's disaster, in order to avoid the disaster, his family fled in two batches and changed their surnames: one family changed its surname "Tong" before "Si"; One added two drops of water in front of the "horse" and changed its name to "Feng". At the moment when we visited Sima Qian's tomb, there was a Xu village at the foot of Sima Qian's cemetery. Many villagers are surnamed Feng, claiming to be descendants of Sima Qian.
Hancheng Travel Guide 4 Hancheng is located in the compound part of the east wing of the front arc of Qilu River Mountain Structure and the third subsidence zone of the Neocathaysian tectonic system. With the northeast-southwest piedmont fault (Hancheng fault) as the boundary, the southeast belongs to Wei Fen Graben, and the northwest belongs to the edge fold area of northern Shaanxi basin with Ordos platform syncline. The structure is complex, the mineral resources are rich, and there are conditions for moderate and strong earthquakes.
Hancheng is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The deep mountains in the west are mostly beam-shaped mountains, and the altitude is generally above 900 meters. The elevation of Daling at the junction of Han (city) and Huang (dragon) is1788m, which is the highest point in the city. Most of the shallow mountainous areas in central China are loess hills with an altitude of 600 ~ 900 meters. The elevation of the eastern loess plateau is generally 400 ~ 600 meters, and the elevation of the downstream Sichuan Road and Yellow River beach is mostly below 400 meters. The Zhichuankou in the south of the city is 357 meters above sea level, which is the lowest surface in the city. There are mountains, plains, beaches and other landforms in the territory, of which deep mountains and shallow hills account for 69% of the total area.
Hancheng is located in the semi-arid area of warm temperate zone, with continental monsoon climate, four distinct seasons, mild climate, abundant sunshine and more rainfall. The annual average temperature 13.5℃, and the accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 4626℃. The average annual precipitation is 559.7 mm, the frost-free period is 208 days, and the sunshine is 2436 hours, which is beneficial to the development of agricultural production. But the rainfall is uneven, mostly concentrated in July, August and September. Drought is prone to occur in spring and summer, and there are many showers in summer, with great intensity and serious soil erosion.
The folk art in Hancheng had begun to take shape as early as the Song and Yuan Dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hancheng Yangko stepped onto the stage from the "stall"; The hundred gongs and drums on Nanyuan are huge, rough and magnificent; The magic building and the back core on Beiyuan are unique, unique. In festivals and weddings, people express their good feelings and wishes with stuffed buns, puppetry and embroidery. During the Republic of China, Shanxi Pu Opera and Shaanxi Qin Opera gradually occupied the Hancheng stage. After the liberation of Hancheng, the cultural and artistic undertakings in Hancheng entered a new era. Folk art heritage is constantly being excavated and sorted out, and social fire is not only active in festive urban and rural areas, but also in the Spring Festival of 1985, the long-forgotten "God Building" meets the masses again. Through many exhibitions, folk handicrafts have been further developed. Folk literature is becoming more and more prosperous, and coal literature is also on the rise. Mass calligraphy artistic creation activities have attracted a large number of young people. Township cultural stations have gradually developed from simple playing and singing to a "cultural compound" focusing on promoting science and technology and carrying out various activities in an all-round way, which not only enlivens the cultural life of the masses, but also promotes the development of science and technology.
Some people say that falling in love with a city is because someone lives in it, but not because it has beautiful scenery.
Open the history books, and the 3,000-year history of building a city can be traced back. In the vast river, dynasties change and history fluctuates. During the reign of Emperor Yangdi, a resounding name was finally given-Hancheng!
In the northwest of China and the northeast of Guanzhong, a bright pearl stands brilliantly on the Weibei Plain. The landform of "seven mountains, one water and two fields" has created its fertile fields and products. Good soil and water climate, hence the name "China Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum". Because of its basin-like topography and high yield of coal, it is also called "Weibei Black Belt". So Longmen Industrial Park is the main economic leader.
Explore ancient culture and appreciate local customs. Hancheng has a treasure trove of geomantic omen since ancient times, with outstanding people, rich cultural relics and rich things. After the retraction and precipitation of the times, Hancheng has formed a pattern of "one city culture, one city history and one city scenic spot". Tracing back to the source, Xia, Shang, Yongzhou and Dayu "guided the river to accumulate stones, as for Longmen". Comply with public opinion and benefit the people. The throat of the Yellow River, like an uncanny workmanship, surprised Hancheng. The earliest human project was the first of its kind. Yangshao culture, Longshan culture and Millennium sites are scattered in more than ten places inside and outside urban and rural areas. Looking back on the Western Ocean Memorial Day, Hancheng was awarded the capital of Liang and Han Houguo, which faithfully recorded the rise and fall of a nation.
In Hancheng, Sima Qian's temple building is magnificent, which is the highest among all the scenery. Shi Sheng is the eternal legacy of Sima. If you pursue your father's achievements, you will become a great historian. In the study of heaven and man, we can change the past and present and become a family statement. From Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to the later period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, 526,500 characters were the best, and the historical sites in China have been written for 3,000 years. Sanyi Tomb, not far from Sima Qian's Temple, witnessed the immortality of Cheng Ying, the orphan of Zhao family, more than two thousand years ago.
In the last century, Hancheng was as famous as Lijiang and Pingyao. Now, this ancient city that grew up in a boudoir is being unveiled. There are more than 770 ancient buildings with different styles in the 72nd Lane of Fifth Street, the most important of which is the most famous museum in counties and cities in China. Confucian Temple, Dongying Temple, Chenghuang Temple. Three temples run through, north and south line. Different functions and long buildings. From Tang and Song Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties. Respect for Confucianism and eagerness to learn have a long history. Generations of talented people came forth in large numbers, and finally won the reputation of "hometown of imperial examinations", "prosperous area" and "mellow Confucian scholars"
For those who want to explore, Liangdai Village, which was rated as "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries in China" in 2005, must not be missed. After sleeping for 3000 years, Guo Rui's underground tomb was born, surpassing Yin Ruins and following the military strategists. The scale, quantity, grade and well-preserved truly show the prosperity of Gurui. It is not only the tombs that are so mysterious, but also a large number of Yuan Dynasty buildings brought to us by history, especially Zhao Pu Temple and Dayu Temple, which are worthy of being the first of Shaanxi's major cultural relics provinces. The hometown of literature and history has a good geographical environment, hardworking people and talented people, and Dangjia Village, a living fossil of human life, is even more famous. Its simplicity and elegance brought us to the prosperous times of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 670 years ago, and let us see the elegance of folk houses and experience the charm of the hometown of Chinese folk art and the hometown of gongs and drums along the Yellow River in Hancheng.
Hancheng not only has a rich cultural style, but also the primitive ecological forest in the west has put a natural green barrier on this ancient city. Xuefeng Reservoir, Monkey Mountain, Xiangshan Red Leaves, Daling Scenery, Xiangshan Stone and Yushan Charm all have their own characteristics and are beautiful. There are hundreds of rare birds, which are rare in China. It's really "Hancheng Back Garden".
On the occasion of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, we will combine humanity with nature and strive to benefit 400,000 people in Hancheng. Hold high the banner of building a "five-type city", take advantage of the opportunity of cities under separate state planning in the province, revitalize Hancheng's tourism and cultural industry by investing in Shaanxi, the Yellow River Golden Triangle, the Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Belt, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the construction of Shaanxi's Dongdaemun, put industry and tourism in the same important position, and March into the top five economic counties and cities in Shaanxi and the top 100 in China. I believe that under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and hancheng city Tourism Bureau, Hancheng will definitely stand out in the domestic market in the near future.
The first time I knew Sima Qian's name was when I recited "Chapter Three" in primary school: "In ancient China, a man named Sima Qian said,' People will die, or they will be heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather'". In middle school textbooks, I learned the story of Chen She Uprising and Hongmen Banquet written by him. The words I can remember are "If you want money, don't forget each other" and "I know the ambition of a swan". The names of the people who are deeply impressed are Liu Bang, Xiang Yu, Sean, Fan Kuai, Fan Zeng and Xiang Zhuang. When I was an adult, I read his Letter to Ren and imagined what the blood and tears of life were. Until recently, when people walked into Sima Qian Temple in Hancheng, Shaanxi Province and listened to the tour guide's explanation, an "incomplete" Sima Qian seemed very heavy.
According to the tour guide, the monument in the shrine was built at the request of Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu. It is a custom of Mongols to have a round tomb top. It is not clear where Sima Qian was really buried. There is a Xu village near the tomb shrine (that is, Xu is divided into Sima Qian's "Yu Er's family"). Xu village lives with Tong (with a vertical character on the left) and Feng (with two characters on the left), and is said to be the descendants of Sima Qian. From last century 1963 to Sima Qian's death, there was no marriage between the surnames of Tong and Feng. They use this strict custom to remind future generations that they are all descendants of Sima Qian and they are a family.
I checked several kinds of information after I came back. Sima Qian's birth date is 145 BC, which is about 145 BC or 135 BC. For the year of death, it is said to be "87 BC?" , some simply use "?" . As a historian, Ban Gu was born a little later than Sima Qian, and has an exact date of birth and death. As a writer, Sima Xiangru was a little earlier than Sima Qian, and also had an exact date of birth and death. Therefore, Sima Qian died quietly in silence. Still ashamed after death, no one wants to mention him again, and even his descendants dare not openly take Sima as their surname. Sima Qian's 38-year-old stepfather is Taishiling. At the age of 47, he was imprisoned for Li Ling. At the age of 47, he should be full of descendants of the Western Han Dynasty-there is no record of Sima Qian's peerless beauty. It can be seen that Sima Qian's castration not only affected the people who had relations with him at that time, but also affected his descendants.
According to inaccurate calculation, Kublai Khan defined the country as Yuan, and it has been 1300 years since Sima Qian's death. In the meantime, during the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the country was torn apart, and wars continued, not to mention the short life of the Sui Dynasty; The prosperous Tang Dynasty and the Great Song Dynasty, which are often praised later, seem to have forgotten Sima Qian, but the charity of repairing tombs was left to a few rulers. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to destroy not only Sima Qian's body, but also his spirit. In a sense, his goal has been achieved, as evidenced by 1300 years. The castrated people seem to have some terrible infectious disease, and no one wants to associate with them, let alone build temples and graves. Only at this point, the Mongols are stronger than the Han rulers.
The date of birth and death of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is naturally detailed. Xingping, Shaanxi, his grave is like a hill, and his bones are safe and sound. This is comparable to Sima Qian's "mutilated and filthy body" (Sima Qian's "Reporting to Ren Shaoqing") and not knowing where to be buried after death. However, there are many emperors in China, but Sima Qian has only one. Some people's graves are quite big, but they are soon forgotten (maybe even remembered by grave robbers); Some people died without a grave, but many years later, people built a grave for him. Some graves are for sightseeing only, while others are for viewing. I'm afraid this was unexpected by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
Standing in front of the mausoleum of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, you can see a mountain in front of you. The "great talent" in the past impression has long since disappeared. Bowing in front of the dome of Sima Qian's cenotaph, historical records seem to turn to us page by page, which has been turned over for 20xx years; After 20xx years, it will continue to turn down. He has no complete or even intermittent resume, which does not affect his greatness. He left no bones, and people used historical records to shape a golden body for him. His descendants remain anonymous. Who in China is not proud of him?
Sima Qian's tomb is located outside the south gate of Zhichuan Town, south of Hancheng 10 km, and at the east foot of Liangshan Mountain on the west bank of the Yellow River. The whole temple is built on the towering Long Ting, with the Yellow River in the east, Liangshan in the west, vertical walls in the north, deep valleys in the south and ancient chariots and horses under it. Climbing high and looking far, it is magnificent. Sima Qian Temple was founded in Yongjia, Western Jin Dynasty (3 10). 1February, 982, the State Council was declared as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Crossing Zhiyang Bridge leads directly to shrines and mausoleums, assisted by big stones, and rises step by step according to the slope of the mountain. On the main road, there is a memorial archway of "Shi Kefa Ancestral House Tomb of Hantai". The temple is built on the mountain, made of brick and stone, and the area is bigger than one. There are stone steps connected between each platform, which rise layer by layer. The first three platforms have buildings, and the next floor is Sima Qian's brick tomb. This circular tomb was built in the Yuan Dynasty. In front of the tomb is Bi Yuan during the reign of Qing Qianlong. "Han Taishi Cemetery" tombstone, with Cooper on it, like a dragon. On the third brick archway of Taishi Cemetery, the word "Yangshan Yang" is engraved, which comes from the sentence "Heshan Yang" in Sima Qian's autobiography. There is a statue of Sima Qian in the main hall of the temple, with a square face, a long beard and two eyebrows divided into temples, showing an extraordinary serious ambition.
The building of Yijiu Temple Tomb is from the slope to the top, down the cliff and step by step. Climb to the top of the mountain, looking at the surging Yellow River in the east, the majestic Liangshan in the west, the Great Wall of ancient Wei in the south and the flowing water in the north. It can be said that it is surrounded by mountains and waters, and it is full of weather. The spectacular natural situation and beautiful scenery reflect Sima Qian's noble personality and great achievements.
145- before Jiyuan? Zi Zichang, a native of xia yang in the Western Han Dynasty, is a famous gas historian, writer and thinker in China. He participated in the book taichu calendar and reformed the calendar. In terms of corruption, he wrote 130 Historical Records, which reached 520,000 words and was the earliest general history in China. Lu Xun praised "Historical Records", saying that "historians never sing, leaving Sao without rhyme".