First, the concept of large-scale commercial buildings
Large-scale commercial buildings are places used to meet shoppers' consumption, catering, leisure, entertainment and other activities or to carry out business activities such as promotion. They usually integrate more than three functions, such as business, office, hotel, exhibition, catering, conference and entertainment, and establish a dynamic relationship of interdependence and mutual benefit, thus forming a multi-functional, efficient, complex and unified business system. The design of public space of large commercial buildings needs to follow the principles of integration, humanization and stylization, and complete the all-round design of the overall space, interface and environment of the commercial complex, and at the same time provide a certain social space for consumption and play a certain urban function.
Judging from my experience in designing several commercial complexes, successful commercial building design needs the cooperation of all parties, especially the following points:
(1) The developer conducts a comprehensive and rational market evaluation of the commercial land acquired by him, understands the audience, evaluates the surrounding competition, and finds a reasonable market position.
(2) The design institute and the developer * * * work out an accurate business format combination model, formulate a reasonable business layout, and form a closed shop with no dead ends by means of a reasonable entrance and exit layout. At the same time, do a good job in barrier-free design, ensure smooth indoor routes, and do a good job in fire prevention and smoke exhaust design to ensure personnel safety.
(3) Reasonable property function design: grasp the demand of vertical traffic design, the location and traffic of motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle parking lots, and effectively connect property traffic with urban traffic.
(4) Professional companies design lighting and greening inside and outside the business according to different formats in each region.
Second, the space design of large commercial buildings
With the acceleration of urbanization, the requirements for large-scale commercial buildings are getting higher and higher. Usually, consumers demand that the public space of large commercial buildings should be open, cultural, comfortable and entertaining. Now they need to pay more attention to consumers' emotional demands. In this way, by improving the comfort and interactivity of commercial space, consumers' stay time and consumption times can be improved, thus generally improving the flow of people and sales.
The important types of space design of large commercial buildings are classified and explained:
(1) polymerization space. Aggregative space is dominated by one space, and other spaces gather around it and approach it. The dominant space should be prominent in form, such as atrium space and central hall.
(2) Linear combinatorial space. Linear combination space mainly adopts one path to combine all spaces together. The path is usually straight, curved or broken, but it can also be an obvious street. Combine and connect all the areas in the space by straight lines, curves or stitches. This combination is suitable for structures with small space and can make effective use of space.
(3) radioactive space. The radiation space takes the center of a large building as the center and radiates around. This radiation space is not affected by the architectural form, and the radiation route can be long or short, which effectively saves people's walking distance in the building. Form a space centered on a certain area that can be divided according to needs.
(4) the surrounding space. Circular space usually means that the path of large commercial buildings forms a circular road outside the space. Commercial space is arranged along this circular road, and multiple circular roads can also be designed at the same time. This is a multi-ring commercial route, which can make effective use of space.
(5) Parallel space. Parallel space refers to the architectural style of parallel arrangement and combination of spaces. There is no obvious difference between primary and secondary, and all spaces are evenly distributed in the building, forming many independent small spaces.
Third, the principles that should be followed in the design of large-scale commercial buildings in cities
1, principle of overall proportion
The overall scale principle of urban large-scale commercial building design refers to the organic connection between the main components of the building and the visual effects produced. The principle of integral scale mainly emphasizes the integrity of architecture. In the overall design of large-scale commercial buildings, the main body, podium and roof of the building should be fully considered, and the three should be organically combined to design according to the unified internal scale and external design style, rather than being designed separately according to their respective parameter systems. Only in this way can the three be organically integrated, coordinated and unified, and excellent architectural engineering design works with beautiful shapes and reasonable functional facilities can be created.
2. The principle of closeness
The connotation of the principle of proximity scale in the design of large-scale commercial buildings in cities is that the size of the entrance, exit and bottom of the building can bring people visual enjoyment and facilitate people's use. Among them, the entrance and exit of the building is a part of users' daily use, and the design of the entrance and exit has great initiative to attract consumers and bring them a sense of pleasure. Therefore, in the design of large-scale commercial buildings, we should fully integrate the concept of human body scale design into the design ideas, reasonably divide the details of the building entrance, and specify the design style that conforms to the local culture and aesthetic demands, so that each part can meet the functional needs of users and bring people sensory enjoyment.
3, the principle of detail scale
Detail scale refers to the texture of building materials used in large commercial buildings, which is a finer division of building scale. When designing large-scale commercial buildings, we should deeply understand people's standard requirements and preferences for building materials. Under normal circumstances, our evaluation of things is to further understand things through eyes and hands, and then comprehensively evaluate things from subjective and objective perspectives, so consumers not only have a macro concept and experience of large-scale commercial design, but also have very high requirements for the maturity, aesthetics and comfort of detailed design. Designers should follow the principle of proportion of details and adopt acceptable and favorite building materials and colors to shape architectural works. Fourth, the development trend of large commercial buildings? 1? 7D？ 1? 7D theme business
Theme-oriented business center is a diversified consumption place that divides the business center into shopping, catering, entertainment, leisure, education, social interaction and business, which can give consumers a variety of choices, feel convenient and efficient, and meet the material and cultural needs to the maximum extent. From the perspective of management, it is to let consumers complete a consumption purpose in the target theme area, so it is also called "one-stop consumption". Theme shopping centers have incomparable advantages and strong vitality compared with traditional shopping centers, and are becoming the mainstream of commercial development in the 2 1 century.