1. 1 Development Status of Leisure Agriculture in China

Leisure agriculture in China emerged after the reform and opening up. Although it started late, it developed rapidly. At first, it was sightseeing agricultural tourism, and after 90' s, it began to develop leisure agricultural tourism combining sightseeing and leisure. 2 1 century, sightseeing and leisure agriculture developed rapidly. China's leisure agriculture has experienced the early rising stage with agricultural sightseeing as the main form, the initial development stage with sightseeing and leisure agricultural parks as the main form, and entered the standardized management stage of comprehensive functions such as sightseeing, leisure, entertainment, vacation, experience, learning and health preservation [1].

Looking at the development of leisure agriculture in China, the eastern coastal provinces and cities developed earlier and faster, while inland Yunnan, Sichuan, Henan, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and other provinces and regions indirectly promoted the development of sightseeing and leisure agriculture because of developed tourism or characteristic agriculture [2]. There are many forms and types of leisure agriculture, such as sightseeing leisure agriculture park (which refers to the opening of characteristic orchards, vegetable gardens, tea gardens and flower beds near urban suburbs or scenic spots, so that tourists can enter the park to pick fruits, enjoy flowers and tea, and enjoy pastoral fun), such as Longhua Agricultural Grand View Garden and Agricultural Park in Panyu District, Guangzhou (according to the management idea of parks, it integrates agricultural production places, agricultural products consumption places and leisure tourism places). For example, Jiangxi Agricultural Park, Educational Science and Technology Agricultural Park (focusing on agricultural production, showing agricultural science and technology to tourists), such as Shanghai Sun Qiao Modern Agricultural Park and Folk Sightseeing Village (using the unique culture and customs in rural areas as the content of leisure agricultural activities), etc. In addition, a number of striking leisure types with distinctive local characteristics have emerged, such as Zhangjiajie in Hunan, Taoyuan Cave in Yanling and Yangmingshan in Yongzhou. Generally speaking, people in the suburbs of big cities and economically developed areas have a strong demand for leisure tourism, and developing leisure agriculture has superior social and economic conditions and huge market potential. And Beijing, Shanghai, Pearl River Delta and other big cities and economically developed areas not only have a large number of local residents, high income level and large potential tourism market, but also have the advantage of attracting tourists from all over the country and even the world. The development prospects of leisure agriculture and rural tourism are very optimistic. For example, there are more than 80 sightseeing orchards in Guangdong, which receive more than 4 million tourists every year, and the tourism income is more than 65.438 billion yuan. Since 1990s, the National Tourism Administration has also actively promoted the development of leisure agriculture and agricultural tourism. 1998 launched the "China Urban and Rural Tour" and put forward the slogan of "eat farmhouse meals, live in farmhouse, do farm work, see the scenery of farmhouse and enjoy farmhouse", which effectively promoted the development of farmhouse tourism. 1999 "Eco-tourism Year" was launched. In 2006, the "country tour" was launched. In 2007, "China Harmonious Urban-Rural Tourism" was put forward, which advocated "charming countryside, dynamic city and harmonious China", with the goal of "urban-rural tourism resources sharing, tourists interaction, mutual assistance and common prosperity", which further promoted the development of leisure agriculture. At present, the national rural tourist attractions (spots) receive more than 300 million tourists every year, and the tourism income is more than 40 billion yuan. The development of leisure agriculture has lifted 20 million people out of poverty and become an important force to promote the prosperity and development of rural economy.

1.2 the practical role of leisure agriculture development in China

1.2. 1 Optimize industrial structure and promote agricultural development. Leisure agriculture replaces the production and processing of simple agricultural and sideline products with modern farming sightseeing agriculture, which not only realizes the transformation from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries, but also makes the primary, secondary and tertiary industries penetrate and merge with each other, breaking the industrial boundaries, extending the agricultural industrial chain [3], optimizing the rural (agricultural) industrial structure, transforming the agricultural growth mode, accelerating the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and forming diversified industries.

1.2.2 Increase jobs and increase farmers' income. The development of leisure agriculture needs to provide tourists with services such as viewing, tasting, purchasing, exercising, entertainment, recuperation and vacation, so as to create broad employment opportunities, especially for rural surplus laborers such as rural housewives, young monks without technical expertise and middle-aged and elderly farmers. According to the forecast, 300 migrant workers can be directly or indirectly placed in the leisure agriculture scenic spot that receives 65,438+10,000 tourists in 1 year. The surplus rural labor force absorbed by leisure agriculture belongs to farmers' local employment or "leaving their hometown", which meets the psychological needs of contemporary farmers. At the same time, the development of leisure agriculture not only improves the commodity conversion rate of agricultural products, but also transforms intangible products such as agricultural ecological benefits and folk culture into reasonable economic income, which broadens farmers' income-generating channels and increases their income-increasing potential.

1.2.3 Increase hardware construction to promote village cleanliness. The development of leisure agriculture has effectively promoted the development of village-level economy, enhanced the economic strength of village-level organizations, and enabled them to invest in hardware infrastructure construction, and implemented the projects of "three reforms" (toilet reform, circle reform and garbage piling), "three links" (access, water supply, telecommunications) and "three modernizations" (greening, beautification and ecology), which changed the "dirty mess" in rural areas.

1.2.4 Integrate resources and promote urban-rural coordination. Leisure agriculture can effectively integrate land, ecology, labor, capital and other elements, pay attention to the harmony between production and ecology, harmony between man and environment, long-term and recycling utilization of resources, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture in China. Leisure agriculture provides opportunities for urban residents to go to the countryside, get close to each other and enjoy the joy of the countryside, which makes urban residents deepen their knowledge and understanding of agriculture, countryside and farmers. At the same time, tourists have influenced local farmers with their own ideology, advanced ideas and progressive lifestyles, updated their concepts, narrowed the distance between learning and accepting modern civilized lifestyles, enriched their material and spiritual lives, and thus promoted the healthy growth of a new generation of farmers. In other words, the flow of people brings logistics and information, and the city's lifestyle, service consciousness, cultural concept and market information continue to penetrate into the countryside, further promoting the process of urban-rural integration and urban-rural integration.

2 problems in the development of leisure agriculture in China

2. 1 lack of planning and characteristics.

In many places, the understanding of leisure agriculture is not in place, and the government lacks macro-control and guidance on the development of local agricultural tourism resources, and its support is not strong. Most investors lack careful market demonstration and development planning, which leads to the arbitrariness of investment decision-making and blindness of development, resulting in the same development model of leisure agriculture projects in the same region, except for those with special scenery or cultural characteristics, the rest are similar; Most parks lack overall planning, and the scale is relatively small, mainly based on personal and private capital investment. The overall construction level is low, the layout is not reasonable enough, the facilities are not complete, and the service function is not innovative. Sightseeing, entertainment and vacation are the main things, while knowledge, agriculture, shopping and recuperation are rare. Simple facilities, monotonous content, just fishing, accommodation, playing cards, karaoke, table tennis and other projects, "fishing rod in the morning, playing mahjong in the afternoon", like ordinary farms, presents the characteristics of low, small and scattered, unclear market positioning, simple imitation, no formation of its own brand and characteristics, lack of famous gardens, famous products, famous dishes and famous projects, and low ecological and cultural connotation.

2.2 lack of management, less talent

The rules, regulations and management mechanism of leisure agriculture are not perfect, and the management of agricultural departments, tourism departments and other related departments is not coordinated and standardized. The financial management, manpower management and tour guide management of leisure agriculture all need professionals, which is really hard for agricultural producers and owners in other fields that used to focus on traditional agricultural production methods. Due to the lack of necessary training and insufficient preparation of organizational ability and management skills, operators often make decisions on project construction and management based on their own experience, which obviously cannot keep up with the market requirements for their development. The development and management of service facilities such as guidance, rest, safety, sanitation, fire fighting, entertainment and catering in the park are also very imperfect. There is still a considerable gap between the professional level of employees and leisure agricultural services. Extensive and lax management, low service level, lack of professionals in development, operation, management, public relations etiquette and so on. 2.3 insufficient technology, poor efficiency

Most leisure agriculture has a low scientific and technological content in its business activities, and the development of agricultural popular science is not enough. Stay at the traditional low-level management level of "seeing flowers in spring and harvesting fruits in autumn". The allocation of agricultural resources such as grain, fruit, vegetables, livestock, fish, grass and flowers is single, and the maturity of crops is too concentrated, which leads to uneven management of the park. On the one hand, due to the lack of varieties, agricultural seasonal bottlenecks lead to idle resources; On the other hand, due to the low grade, little attraction and influence, the tourists' stay time is too short, the consumption is reduced, the park is inefficient and the operation is unsustainable.

2.4 loss of agricultural flavor, less organization

In some places, the development and construction of leisure agriculture has deviated from the basic principles of simplicity and harmony, relying too much on unnatural technical means, greedy for luxury from foreign countries, building large-scale projects, changing the land use mode, resulting in obvious traces of urbanization and manpower, magnificent buildings, ignoring the original precious agricultural natural resources and characteristics, distorting the essence of leisure agriculture, deviating from the word "agriculture", losing its characteristics and vitality. At the same time, due to unreasonable over-exploitation, the local resources and environment are destroyed, the original ecology is destroyed, and the balance of the natural ecosystem is broken. In addition to the group, some farmers only adopt the organization form of * * * joint operation, lacking a strong organizational system, which will inevitably lead to disputes in surplus distribution, rights and obligations sharing, etc. Leisure agriculture is mostly dotted, with low degree of organization, weak overall awareness, lack of organic connection and combination, fragmented, uncoordinated with the overall environment, decoupled from the construction of new countryside, and difficult to integrate into the overall layout of new countryside. Some even affect the whole environmental construction because of their own selfish interests, which eventually leads to the inability to plan new countryside and affects the in-depth construction of new countryside.