I. Background
With the development of social and economic as well as the accelerated pace of urbanization, environmental issues are also becoming increasingly prominent, from the central government to the local level of environmental protection attaches great importance to environmental protection, and in recent years, urgently increase the management of environmental protection, remediation. For emissions do not meet the standards of enterprises, depending on the circumstances, all impose fines or shut down measures.
Implemented to the gas station on the discharge, including the site oily wastewater treatment and station domestic sewage discharge treatment. This paper intends to analyze the environmental protection countermeasures and related investment in both oily wastewater and domestic wastewater according to the different conditions of gas stations.
2, oily wastewater and domestic sewage treatment
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1. Oily wastewater treatment
1. p>Oil-containing wastewater includes oil-containing wastewater on the floor of the refueling area and oil-containing wastewater at the unloading port. It is divided into ordinary gas stations and large gas stations.
1.1 Ordinary gas station: refers to the site area of less than 5,000 square meters of gas station, can be set up in the entrance and exit of the environmental protection ditch, completely intercepted station oily waste water, oily waste water will be introduced into the site of the grease trap treatment, grease trap out of the ordinary water sealing wells, and then discharged into the nearest rainwater pipeline network.
In this case, the length of the environmental protection ditch is generally less than 70 meters. Generally between 30-60 meters.
1.2 Large gas station: refers to the field apron is greater than 5000 square meters, or service area, parking lot type gas station. Due to the footprint
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Too wide, the amount of rainwater is too large to set up environmental protection ditches at the entrance and exit to intercept rainwater in the station. In this case, the use of the canopy under the projection line, the unloading port parking spaces set up a circle of environmental protection ditch, the refueling area, unloading area surrounded by the guide to the water seal grease trap. Grease trap and then through the ordinary water seal well, and then discharged into the nearby rainwater network.
In this case, the length of the environmental protection ditch is greater than 80 meters. Generally between 100-120 meters.
1.3 The above two types of environmental protection ditch, water seal grease trap using the following materials:
Water seal grease trap: finished glass fiber reinforced plastic material, total volume of 4 cubic meters. According to the situation using load-bearing or non-load-bearing heavy equipment. Water seal grease trap oil is collected by movable recycling bucket and centralized treatment periodically.
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Environmental protection ditch: the use of concrete structure, ditch width of 300mm; environmental protection ditch grates are made of SMC composite materials, load-bearing grade D400 type, load-bearing capacity of 40 tons;
2, domestic wastewater
2.1 according to the number of squatting classification
2.1.1 8 squatting below the ordinary gas station;
2.1.2 Service area type gas station or parking lot type gas station, generally 20-50 squat.
2.1.3 Gas stations with special government requirements for the number of squatting spaces.
2.2 Septic tank volume selection
2.2.1 8 squat below the ordinary gas station, the choice of finished glass fiber reinforced plastic material septic tank, the total volume of 4 cubic meters. According to the situation
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Use load-bearing or non-load-bearing equipment.
2.2.2 20-50 squat gas station choose 10-30 cubic meters of reinforced concrete septic tank. If in the vicinity of the attractions, combined with the actual situation of the scenic area, consider holidays 1.5-2 times, or a greater factor.
2.3 Classification according to geographic location
2.3.1 There is a municipal sewage network gas station. The domestic sewage is treated in septic tanks and discharged into the municipal sewage network;
2.3.2 Gas stations without municipal sewage network. Since the gas station is located in remote areas without municipal sewage pipe network, according to the amount of sewage discharged from the gas station, the design of integrated sewage treatment equipment. So that its treated drainage meets the "municipal sewage treatment plant pollutant discharge standards (GB 18918-2002)" level A standard, and is discharged into the sewage network in the vicinity.
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2.4 Principle of integrated sewage equipment and equipment selection and related requirements.
2.4.1 Principle of integrated sewage equipment: the process adopts "A pool + O pool + ozone disinfection process", by the regulating pool, anoxic pool, biological contact oxidation pool, sedimentation tank, disinfection, and equipped with a control cabinet on the ground, automatic control, no need for personal management. Equipment operation process is: sewage first into the regulating pool, by the grid to remove debris, and preliminary precipitation of sewage, while regulating the water quality and quantity of sewage at different times. Then into the anoxic pool, anoxic pool for sewage to create anoxic conditions, anaerobic fermentation, hydrogen production methane, etc.; and then flow into the contact oxidation tank, biological decomposition, oxidation tank filled with lightweight, high-strength, physico-chemical properties of the stable filler, the specific surface area of the biofilm attached to a strong ability to use the same time the aeration machine for the wind aeration, so that the fiber bundles continue to float,
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Rapid growth of microorganisms to achieve decomposition of organic matter in the water, remove COD, BOD5 purpose of the water; and then into the inclined plate sedimentation tank, inclined plate high surface load, can achieve the purpose of mud-water separation; and then into the disinfection tank, disinfection tank using a dosing machine automatically put solid chlorine tablets, dosing machine can be automatically adjusted according to the size of the water discharge dosage. The disinfected sewage reaches the sewage discharge standard and is discharged to the sewage network outside the station.
2.4.2 Sewage integrated equipment design water quality
Design water quality should meet the "urban sewage treatment plant pollutant discharge standards" (GB18918-2002) A discharge standard discharge standards, specific requirements are shown in the following table:
Design water quality table
No.
Items
Unit
"Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002) Class A Standard
1
CODCr
mg/L
≤50
2
BOD5
mg/L
≤10
3
BOD5
mg/L
≤10
The design effluent water quality table
No. p>
3
SS
mg/L
≤10
4
NH3-N
mg/L
≤5(8)
5
TP
mg/L
≤0.5
6
pH
6 to 9
7
Fecal coliform bacteria
103
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2.4.3 Sewage Integration Equipment Model Selection
2.4.3.1 Ordinary gas station with less than 8 squatting places
(1) Equipment treatment capacity: daily Processing capacity 10m3/d, hourly processing capacity of not less than 0.5m?
(2) Additional facilities:
1) Reinforced concrete regulating tank with an effective volume of 3 cubic meters.
2) sewage treatment equipment load-bearing structure of one, with a volume of 8.5 cubic meters.
2.4.3.2 20-50 squatting gas station
(1) equipment processing capacity: daily processing capacity of 20-50m3/d, hourly processing capacity of not less than 1-2.5m?, the cost of 20-40 million.
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(2) additional facilities:
1) regulating pool: reinforced concrete structure, the effective volume of 15-30m3.
2) sewage treatment equipment load-bearing structure of a 20-50m3 (large-scale treatment equipment, it is recommended to put the green belt).
2.4.3.3 Equipment accessories and after-sales service
(1) the supporting pipes, valves, valves should be taken into account the corrosive nature of the sewage and the long service life, choose a reasonable package, you can choose engineering plastics and stainless steel.
(2) electromechanical equipment selection should be considered during the operation period of fully automated management, maintenance issues in the later stages as well as the simplicity of operation of the operator, to avoid the operator of certain mechanical properties do not
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Understanding (such as improper use of oil, etc.) lead to sewage treatment station operation accidents. Equipment has a fault, the manufacturer can follow up the maintenance in time.
3, Case 1
Case 1
1, a gas station in the city, covering an area of 1,265 square meters, the import and export length of 48 meters, squatting 5, 2 hand basins, 1 urinal, 1 mopping sink, a set of shower water heater, washing 1, 1 washbasin in the food preparation room.
(1) Main oily sewage and rainwater drainage facilities:
Environmental protection ditch and grate
DN300 corrugated pipe
4m?Glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) water-sealed grease trap (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater wells (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater wells (load-bearing) (water-sealing wells)
50 meters
70 meters
1
4
1
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Note: The site apron is small, so it is sufficient to set up an environmental ditch at the entrance and exit of the gas station.
(2) Outdoor main domestic sewage facilities:
4m?fiberglass reinforced plastic septic tank
DN200 corrugated pipe
Load-bearing sewage wells (load-bearing)
Load-bearing sewage wells (load-bearing) (water-sealing wells)
1
50 meters
3
1
Note: Domestic sewage is treated in septic tanks and connected to the municipal sewage network.
Case 2
2, a gas station in the city, covering an area of 1,300 square meters, the entrance and exit length of 48 meters, squatting 5, 2 washbasins, 1 urinal, 1 mop sink, a set of shower water heater, 1 laundry, 1 washbasin in the food preparation room.
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(1) Main oily sewage and rainwater drainage facilities:
Environmental protection ditch and grate
DN300 corrugated pipe
4m?Glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) water-sealed grease trap (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater wells (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater wells (load-bearing) (water-sealed wells)
50 meters
70 meters
1
4
1
Note: The site apron is small, so it is sufficient to set up environmental protection ditches at the entrance and exit of the gas station.
(2) Outdoor main domestic sewage facilities:
4m?fiberglass reinforced plastic septic tank
DN200 corrugated pipe
load-bearing sewage wells (load-bearing)
load-bearing sewage wells (load-bearing) (water sealing wells)
regulating tank (effective volume of 3m3)
sewage equipment load-bearing frame (volume of 8.5 m3)
Sewage equipment
1
50 meters
3
1
1
1
1
1
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Indicate that: the domestic sewage is processed by the septic tank, and then treated to the standard by the integrated sewage treatment equipment, and then connected to the municipal sewage network.
Case 3
3, a parking lot gas station, covers an area of 10,000 square meters, squatting 46, 16 wash basins, 12 urinals, 4 mop sinks, a set of shower water heater, laundry 1, 1 dishwashing basins in the preparation room.
(1) Main oily sewage and rainwater drainage facilities:
Environmental protection ditch and grate
DN300 corrugated pipe
4m?fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) water-sealed grease traps
Load-bearing rainwater wells
Non-load-bearing rainwater wells
Load-bearing rainwater sedimentation wells
Load-bearing rainwater water-sealed wells
120m
160m
1
6
1
1
1
1
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Note: Due to the large size of the field, the environmental ditch is set up around the hoods and unloading ports.
(2) Main outdoor domestic sewage facilities:
30m?reinforced concrete septic tank
DN200 corrugated pipe
DN300 corrugated pipe
Non-bearing sewage water sealing well
Non-bearing sewage well
20m3 non-bearing sewage treatment facility
1<
35 meters
25 meters
1
6
1 set
Note: Because this gas station is not a scenic spot, not a main highway service area, usually not a lot of traffic, so septic tanks, sewage treatment equipment is selected according to the reduction factor.
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