Scientific knowledge of human body structure 1. Human body structure knowledge
The basic unit of human structure is the cell. There is a non-cellular substance between cells, called intercellular substance.
Cells can be divided into three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. Cell membrane is mainly composed of protein, lipids and sugars, which can protect cells, maintain the stability inside cells and control the material exchange inside and outside cells. Cytoplasm is the center of cell metabolism, which is mainly composed of water, protein, RNA, enzymes and electrolytes. There are also various organelles suspended in the cytoplasm. The main organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and centrosomes. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which contains nucleoli and chromatin. Chromatin contains nucleic acids and protein. Nucleic acid is a substance that controls biological inheritance.
Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and glial cells, which is highly sensitive and conductive. Neurons consist of cell bodies, dendrites and axons. Dendrites are short and branched, and their function is to transmit impulses to cell bodies; Axons are very long and have nerve endings at their ends. Their function is to transmit the impulses of cell bodies to the outside world.
Muscle tissue consists of muscle cells. Muscle cells have the function of contraction. Muscle tissue can be divided into skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and myocardium according to morphology and function.
Connective tissue consists of cells, intercellular substance and fibers. It is characterized by loose cell distribution and more intercellular substances. Connective tissue mainly includes loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood and lymph. They have the functions of support, connection, nutrition, defense and repair respectively.
Belgian doctor Vesaliua Uss published the book Human Body Structure, which challenged Galen's "Trinity" theory. Spanish doctor Servit discovered the small circulation system of blood, which proved that blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs and reaches the left ventricle through a tortuous route. Harvey, a British anatomist, published the theory of heart-blood movement through a large number of animal anatomy experiments, which systematically explained the law of blood movement and the working principle of the heart. He pointed out that the heart is the center of blood movement and the source of strength. This great discovery made him the founder of modern physiology.
[Edit this paragraph] Eight systems
Digestive system, nervous system, exercise system, immune system, endocrine system, genitourinary system, circulatory system and respiratory system.
[Edit this paragraph] Chemical composition of human body
Water accounts for 65% of human body weight. An adult weighing 70kg weighs only 25kg after dehydration, including 3kg of carbohydrate, 7kg of fat, 3kg of protein 12kg and 3kg of mineral salt.
[Edit this paragraph] Blood liquid
The total blood volume of human body is about 8% of body weight. If a blood loss exceeds 20% of the blood volume in the human body, life activities will be blocked. Healthy people can generally recover quickly when the blood loss at one time does not exceed 10%. A drop of blood circulates in the human body for 22 seconds.
[Edit this paragraph] Muscle
The human body has about 639 muscles. It consists of about 6 billion muscle fibers, the longest is 60 cm, the shortest is only about 1 mm, the big muscle weighs 2000 grams, and the small muscle is only a few grams. The average person's muscle accounts for 35%-40% of the body weight. The total length of capillaries in muscle can reach 654.38+ million kilometers, which can circle the earth twice and a half times.
[Edit this paragraph] The brain hole is big
The brain is composed of about 65.438+0.4 billion cells, weighing about 654.38+0.400 g, and the thickness of the cerebral cortex is about 2-3mm, with a total area of about 2,200 square centimeters. It is estimated that 654.38+0000 to 654.38+000 million brain cells die every day (the more unused brain cells, the more brain cells die). The information storage capacity of a person's brain is equivalent to 10,000 libraries10,000 books. The person who is best at using his brain only uses 65,438+00% of his brain capacity in his life. The main component in the human brain is water, accounting for 80%. Although it only accounts for 2% of human body weight, its oxygen consumption accounts for 25% of the whole body oxygen consumption, and its blood flow accounts for 15% of the cardiac output. The blood flowing through the brain is 2000 liters a day. If the energy consumed by the brain is expressed by electric power, it is equivalent to about 25 watts.
2. Teaching plan for introduction of human body structure science in middle school
Teaching objectives
1, let children know all parts of the body and understand their functions.
2. Learn to express your movements with your limbs.
Activities to be prepared
1, doll. 2 wall chart.
Activity process
1, show the doll and guide the children to observe its body composition.
Dear children, I want to ask, do you know your body? Do you know what your body is doing? I have a doll here. Let's talk about all parts of the body while observing, shall we?
2. The teacher concluded: Oh, it turns out that our body is made up of so many parts. Our hands can be used to carry things, my legs can be used to walk, our eyes can see things, our noses can smell things, our ears can hear things, and our mouths can be used to eat or talk. Are our bodies interesting?
3. Guide children to express themselves with physical movements through games.
In fact, our bodies can play games, exercise and talk. Children, please watch the teacher speak with his own body. I want to wave my arm, which means "hello!" " Clap your hands to say "welcome"
4. Encourage children to do it together and ask individual children to try body language boldly.
3. Structure and function of human body
Introduction to human structure and function: cells, basic tissues, exercise system, digestive system, respiratory system, blood, vascular system, urinary system, reproductive system, sensory organs, nervous system, endocrine system, energy metabolism and body temperature, embryonic development.
1. The basic unit of human body structure is cells: there are substances with non-cellular structure between cells, called intercellular substance. Cells can be divided into three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
Cell membrane is mainly composed of protein, lipids and sugars, which can protect cells, maintain the stability inside cells and control the material exchange inside and outside cells. Cytoplasm is the center of cell metabolism, which is mainly composed of water, protein, RNA, enzymes and electrolytes.
There are also various organelles suspended in the cytoplasm. The main organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and centrosomes.
The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which contains nucleoli and chromatin. Chromatin contains nucleic acids and protein.
Nucleic acid is the substance that controls biological inheritance: the basic structure composed of cells and intercellular matrix is called tissue. There are four kinds of tissues in human body: 1. Epithelial tissue: including epidermis, mucosal epithelium, vascular endothelium, pleura and peritoneum. It has protective and secretory effects.
2. Connective tissue: there are many kinds, diverse structures and complex functions, some of which are flowing liquids, such as blood and lymph, which mainly play a nutritional role; Some play the role of connection and support, such as bones and ligaments. 3. Muscle tissue: According to different shapes, functions and positions, it can be divided into skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and myocardium.
4. Nerve tissue: it is the main component of the nervous system and consists of nerve cells and glial cells. Nerve cells, also known as neurons, can feel the internal and external environment and conduct excitement, and are the basic units of the structure and function of the nervous system.
Glial cells play a role in supporting, protecting and nourishing neurons. A structural unit composed of various tissues that can perform a certain function is called an organ.
The organizational structure of an organ is compatible with its functions. We are generally more likely to notice some intuitive organs with concentrated tissues.
Such as eyes, ears, nose, tongue and other sensory organs. Another example: heart, liver, lung, stomach, kidney and other internal organs.
Many organs are easily overlooked and are not considered as organs. Such as any skeletal muscle, skin, etc.
Life-sustaining organs are life-sustaining organs in the human body. If the important organs of the body can't work normally, a person will die soon.
The main living organs are: the brain, which is responsible for controlling and coordinating breathing, heartbeat, hormone production, sensory reception, muscle movement and so on. It is necessary for long-term survival to transport blood containing sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the whole body, supply it to the lungs of various tissues and organs, breathe and oxygenate the blood to the liver, and remove the waste in the blood to other organs in the bladder responsible for digestion and excretion. Although many people, for example, still survive without organs such as kidneys, spleen and intestines, they certainly need the help of machines.
A structure in which organs are arranged together in a certain order to complete one or more physiological activities is called a system. There are eight systems in human body: motor system, nervous system, endocrine system, circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system and reproductive system.
These systems coordinate with each other, so that all kinds of complex life activities in the human body can be carried out normally. Functions of eight systems: 1. Exercise system: The exercise system consists of bones, cartilage, joints and skeletal muscles.
Play the role of support, protection and movement. Second, the nervous system: the nervous system is composed of neurons, which are composed of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system all over the body.
Play a leading role in the body; On the one hand, it controls and regulates the activities of several organs and systems; On the other hand, through the analysis and synthesis of the nervous system, the human body can respond to the changes of the environment and realize the unity of the human environment. 3. Endocrine system: The endocrine system consists of various glands.
It regulates the growth, development, metabolism and reproduction of the whole human body by secreting different hormones (male, female hormone, insulin and adrenaline). Circulatory system: The circulatory system consists of heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
It transports nutrients absorbed by the digestive system and oxygen absorbed by the lungs to the tissues and cells of the whole body organs, and at the same time transports its metabolites and CO2 to the kidneys, lungs and skin for excretion. To ensure the sustained metabolism of the human body.
5. Respiratory system: It consists of respiratory tract and lungs. Inhale fresh air, and make blood get oxygen and discharge Co2 through gas exchange in alveoli.
Digestive system: It consists of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine and large intestine. It is the digestion and absorption function of food.
Bookstore and energy needed by human body. Urinary system: It consists of kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra.
Discharge excess water, metabolites or toxins from the body. Eight, reproductive system: produce germ cells and reproduce.
4. There is an urgent need for the structure of the fourth grade science teaching plan (education version)
1, body structure 1, teaching objective: scientific concept: 1, human body can be divided into four parts according to its appearance characteristics, including head, neck, trunk and limbs. If you do things differently, the human body will be divided into different structures.
2. The external features of human body can be observed directly, and the internal features can be observed with some tools. Process and method: 1. Be able to understand the internal structure of the body by using observation methods such as touching, pinching and listening in combination with experience activities.
2, according to the different purposes of observation, choose the appropriate observation method. Emotional attitude and values: 1, which can distinguish imagination from actual observation in human observation and ensure the authenticity of observation activities.
2. I am interested in exploring my body and feeling the exquisite and harmonious beauty of human body structure. Second, the teaching focus: which parts of the body are made of what, and understand the characteristics of the human body's left and right symmetry.
Third, teaching difficulties: observing the internal organs of the body. Fourth, teaching preparation: white paper, magnifying glass, ruler, basic structure diagram of human body, etc.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) activity process: (1) Introduction: The skills of animals are related to their physical characteristics. 1, ask a question: Everyone knows that frogs are good at catching insects. Why are frogs good at catching insects? Why can an eagle catch a clever mouse? Why can woodpeckers eat pests in tree trunks? 2. Video screening: Frogs' eyes, hind legs and tongue are good at catching insects and camouflage their skin color to protect themselves; Eagles have hard hooked beaks and sharp claws, which are suitable for catching mice. Woodpecker's beak is suitable for pecking insects hidden in the trunk, and its claws are suitable for grasping the trunk with two toes behind the first two toes.
3. Summary: The skills of animals are related to the characteristics of their bodies. 4. Lead to the topic: What skills do people have? Why are people so capable? Today we will observe our bodies.
(2) Observe the human body. 1, observe the body shape.
What parts are our bodies made of? Let the students observe that the human body can be divided into several big parts, such as head, neck, trunk and limbs, and further divide these big parts into small parts. For example, the trunk can also be divided into chest, abdomen, shoulders, waist, buttocks, back and so on. ) 2. The human body is symmetrical.
(1) The teacher asked: If you draw a line from the top of your head and divide your body into left and right parts through the tip of your nose, what will you find? (Students answer that the human body is symmetrical. Ask the students to say specifically how to be symmetrical.
Through discussion, the students made it clear that the eyes, ears, nose, upper limbs and lower limbs on the left and right sides of the human body are not only the same in size, length, thickness, color, shape and position, but also correspond to each other one by one. (2) Let students experience the benefits of this symmetrical body structure. Activities: ① Experience seeing with two eyes is wider than seeing with one eye; Activity: ② Make students realize that two eyes can see more accurately than one eye; Activity: ③ Let students tie the red scarf with two hands first, and then tie the red scarf with one hand, so that students can realize that two hands are more convenient and flexible than one hand. Activity: ④ Make students realize that if the feet are not the same length, it is inconvenient to bend over, go up the steps and turn, and it is difficult to keep balance.
These activities are lively and interesting, and make students realize the superiority of symmetry of our body organs. Of course, from the outside of the human body, there are still many characteristics in structure, but it is difficult for primary school students to observe, so the emphasis is on the symmetry of the body.
Judging from the teaching situation, the choice of this observation point is not only in line with the students' level, but also the selected experience activities are convenient and easy, everyone can participate, students are very interested and the classroom atmosphere is very active. ) 3. Observe the inside of the body.
(1) The teacher introduced (broke through the difficulties) by solving the black box game. The teacher prepares a kraft paper bag, which contains a plastic bottle, half a bottle of water, pliers, clocks and other items.
The teacher asked the students to try to guess what was inside, and gave their reasons for guessing. The students finally guessed the content by touching, pinching, shaking and listening.
Then the teacher shows a picture with the outline of the human body, telling the students that the human body is just like a paper bag. Wrapped in skin, you can't see it inside. Let the students guess what's in it. At this time, the students' ideas were opened and many good ideas were put forward: ① Some people say that you can hear the beating of the heart with your ears, so you can know the position of the heart; (2) Some people say that when the arm is bent, you can touch the bulging muscles; (3) When some people talk, they can touch the vibrating vocal cords by touching their throats; After running, the chest is falling together, and you can know that it is a lung; (4) Some people say that after a full meal, the swollen place is the stomach; ⑤ Some people say that their stomachs are growling when they are hungry, which may be intestines; 6. Some people say that hard things can be touched by hard pinching, that is, bones; ..... Finally, let the students imagine what the inside of the human body looks like according to the information obtained by people's vision, touch and hearing. (What's under the skin, what's under the muscles, what's wrapped in the bones, and how the blood vessels and nerves are distributed ...) 4. How the body works: Let the students use the familiar physical activities to show the participation of multiple body parts in the activities in a bubble diagram.
Thinking: According to the types of human work, we can think of what the human body is like in the middle of the night. (3) Extension of classes. Question: Walking upright is one of the important characteristics that distinguish people from other animals. Please consult the information to find out what structural characteristics the human body has before walking upright. (4) Homework design attached to the blackboard: Observe our body, head, neck, trunk and limbs.
5. What organs are the human body made of?
The structure of the human body is very complex, and human beings can't explain it in detail so far. Traditional medicine can only explain the composition of organs from these large organs, but can't completely explain the organs with more complex cells. Since biology entered the molecular level, it has developed by leaps and bounds, endowing life science with great vitality and prospects, and gradually uncovering the mystery of life. The essential problems of life may be explained and illustrated from the atomic and molecular levels and from the laws of physics and chemistry.
For ordinary people, it is impossible for us to master all the knowledge of this subject, but it is necessary for us to know its basic knowledge in order to update our concepts and strengthen our awareness of health care.
Molecular biology research is characterized by the combination of molecular level with cell level, whole level and even group level, which provides the most important knowledge for explaining life phenomena. The theory that cell is the basic unit of life has established a new concept of "all key biological problems must be found in cells" for life science. We can only see the complexity of human organs from the structure of cells.
We know that all living things are made up of cells. In recent years, many breakthroughs have been made in human understanding of cells, which provide an extremely important scientific basis for deciphering the mysteries of life and prolonging life span, and have a brand-new understanding of human life from the perspective of cytology: once * * combines with eggs, it begins to divide into two, four and eight-until it reaches 3 trillion cells. After the baby is born, many cells will continue to divide, which is the growth process of life. The human body will not mature until about 60 trillion cells divide; In a person's life, cells need to be metabolized more than 50 times, that is, 60 million cells need to be synthesized every day to meet the needs of human metabolism.
Cells are composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and other organs. There are 23 pairs of ***46 chromosomes in the nucleus, containing about 30,000 or 50,000 genes, which dominate 3 billion genetic information units of human beings. This information is closely related to people's appearance, characteristics, personality, physique, intelligence, genetic diseases, obesity, pathology and so on.
We now know that although the cell is small, its structure is very fine. Now people can observe the structure of cells and various organs through electron microscope. For example, liver cells are composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm (including matrix and many organelles) and nucleus. The organelles are composed of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (rough surface and glossy surface), lysosomes, Golgi bodies, microsomes, inclusion bodies and drinking water bubbles. Mitochondria are round, oval and rod-shaped double membrane structures, with a constant of 1.0-5.0 microns and a thickness of 0.25-0.7 microns. Each liver cell can have 1000~2000 mitochondria, in which there are more than 70 kinds of enzymes and coenzymes, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cell respiratory enzyme, adenosine triphosphate, etc. The metabolism of sugar, fat and protein ingested by human body is carried out in mitochondria, which can produce a lot of energy needed by human body, so it is called "power station" for energy supply. Mitochondria are the earliest and most sensitive victims of hepatitis or systemic hypoxia, leading to biochemical dysfunction such as elevated transaminase.
This is common sense for your reference!
6. What is the structure of the human body?
What is the human body made of? Answer?
First, body. Everyone has a body, and what we usually say about the five senses of limbs and five internal organs is actually a visual description of the human body. The human body is made up of certain material elements in a certain proportion. The body is the foundation on which people live. Without the body, the human body naturally does not exist.
Secondly, everyone has thinking ability, that is, thinking ability. With thinking ability, people can know the world, acquire knowledge and enrich their lives. Thinking ability is the commander in chief of people's words and deeds.
Once again, everyone has energy. Vitality can be regarded as the comprehensive ability of various physiological functions in the human body, such as digestive function, absorption function, hematopoietic function, blood circulation function, nerve function and so on. Each function is independent and closely related to other functions.
Usually, we often use the expression "spirit and flesh" when talking and writing. In fact, the "spirit" in "spirit and flesh" should include two parts: thinking power and vitality. If we understand "spirit" in this way, the connotation of spirit will be more real, and its feudal superstition color can be eliminated.
In fact, from another perspective, the human body can be divided into two systems: in vivo and in vitro. All sensory organs in contact with the outside world can be defined as external systems, such as eyes, ears, nose, hands and feet. The internal system includes viscera, nervous system, lymphatic system and blood circulation system.
So what are the characteristics of thinking power and vitality?
The role of thinking power is that the outside is the main factor and the inside is the auxiliary factor. It presides over the human body's response and countermeasures to external things, and directs the external behavior of limbs and five senses. It is based on conscious behavior and supplemented by super-conscious behavior. Conscious behavior is a behavior subject to human ideology. More specifically, it is the behavior of thinking and doing. For example, a person's walking behavior first wants to do it, and then dominates his own feet to do it. The behavior of a person's external system is subject to ideology. Everyone's thoughts and actions in a day are basically dominated by conscious behavior. If a person's thinking goes wrong, even if he has a normal body, his thinking can't work normally, and he can't be regarded as a normal person, such as dementia, fools, various mental diseases and so on.
The role of vitality is just the opposite of thinking power, with internal factors as the mainstay and external adjustment as the supplement. It is in charge of the operation of various organs and systems of the human body and dominates the metabolism of substances in the human body. It is dominated by super-conscious behavior (or unconscious behavior), supplemented by conscious behavior. People eat food in their stomachs and stop thinking about it. No one will talk to the stomach or intestines and tell them how to digest and absorb. Not at all! The digestion and absorption of food in the body is completely unconscious or super-conscious. Anyone with a little knowledge of physiology knows that the heart is a blood supply organ and the bone marrow is a hematopoietic organ, but no one gives instructions to the heart or bone marrow on how to supply blood and how to make blood. They are operating in a super-conscious way, silently contributing to people. Taking the growth of nails as an example, the material composition that may constitute nails is not complicated, but who knows how many organs and functions in the body are used to digest, absorb, classify, differentiate and transport many material elements in food to fingers, so that nails can grow evenly?
If we understand it this way, we can explain some other common phenomena. For example, when almost everyone has a cold and a stuffy nose, he feels very uncomfortable and wants to use a pass. However, it doesn't mean that you have been thinking about getting your nose through, because "thinking" is only your conscious behavior. A cold is an upper respiratory infection, which is a temporary problem with the function of the respiratory system, that is, a part of your vitality, which is basically not controlled by people's consciousness. It is not good to think by "thinking". For example, in patients with premature beats, the heart will stop beating intermittently. How much the patient wants the heart to stop, but for the same reason, the heart will not ignore the patient's "thoughts" and stop.
If we can understand the structure of human body in this way, we can further explain the problem that Qigong and modern medicine reach the same goal by different routes.
7. Little scientific knowledge
1. Use of iodized salt. Iodine is an essential nutrient for human body, and long-term iodine deficiency will lead to iodine deficiency. Edible iodized salt is the simplest, economical and effective method to eliminate iodine deficiency. Iodized salt contains sodium chloride and potassium iodate, which provides iodine for human body. Potassium iodate is unstable and easy to decompose when heated and illuminated, thus affecting the human body's iodine intake. So pay attention when cooking: add salt as soon as you cook it, and don't stew it for too long.
2. Don't cook tofu with spinach. Calcium oxalate is a precipitate that the human body cannot absorb. Spinach, onion and bamboo shoots are rich in oxalic acid and sodium oxalate, and tofu contains more calcium salts, such as calcium sulfate. The above substances can undergo a metathesis reaction to generate calcium oxalate precipitation and other substances. From a medical point of view: spinach, onions, bamboo shoots, etc. It is not suitable to mix with tofu at the same time, which will produce calcium oxalate precipitation, which is the cause of stones; From a nutritional point of view, mixed eating will destroy their nutrients.
3. The harm of aluminum to human health. Aluminum has always been considered as a non-toxic element, so aluminum drinking utensils, baking powder containing aluminum expansion agent and water purification agent are widely used. However, recent studies show that aluminum can disturb human metabolism and cause long-term and slow harm to human health, and its toxicity is slow and difficult to detect. However, once the toxic reaction of metabolic disorder occurs, the consequences will be serious. To prevent aluminum poisoning, we should pay attention to (1) reducing the entry route of aluminum, such as eating less fried dough sticks, and avoiding aluminum hydroxide as much as possible in stomach drugs. (2) Eat less food packaged in aluminum products. (3) Use aluminum products appropriately to avoid long-term contact between food or drinking water and aluminum products.
4. Why can fruit sober up? This is because fruits contain organic acids, for example, apples contain malic acid, oranges contain citric acid, and grapes contain tartaric acid. The main component of wine is ethanol, and organic acids can interact with ethanol to form esters, thus achieving the purpose of sobering up. Similarly, vinegar can relieve alcoholism because it contains 3-5% acetic acid, which can react with ethanol to produce ethyl acetate.
5. It is not advisable to burn oil and smoke when cooking. When oil is at high temperature, polycyclic compounds are easily formed. Generally, vegetable oil contains more unsaturated fatty acids, which makes it easier to form polycyclic compounds. Experiments show that polycyclic compounds are easy to induce animal bladder cancer. Generally, as long as the oil is boiled, the "internal heat" of the oil can be removed.
6. Why is there a "red tide" in seawater? In recent years, a large area of red tide has appeared in China's Bohai Bay and other offshore areas, which is called "red tide". Red tide is not a tidal phenomenon, nor is it a current movement like Kuroshio, but a biological phenomenon of red plankton overgrowth in the ocean under certain conditions. Why can plankton multiply in large numbers? It turns out that a large number of wastewater, waste residue and substances that enter the ocean through atmospheric exchange contain elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential nutrients for plant growth. So a large number of plankton proliferated rapidly, making the sea wear "red clothes". In order to prevent the red tide in the ocean, we should control the discharge of wastes containing nitrogen and phosphorus into the ocean, such as wastewater containing phosphorus washing powder, so as to maintain the ecological balance in the ocean.
7. pH of food. Studies have found that eating more alkaline foods can keep blood weakly alkaline, reduce acid substances such as lactic acid and urea in blood, and prevent them from depositing on the blood vessel wall, thus softening blood vessels. Therefore, some people call alkaline food "a cleaner for blood and blood vessels". Generally speaking, rice, noodles, meat, fish and eggs are almost all acidic foods, while vegetables, fruits, milk, sweet potatoes, potatoes, bean products and aquatic products are all alkaline foods. Pay attention to scientific diet, improve diet structure, strengthen physical exercise and develop good living habits, and arteriosclerosis is expected to be delayed and reversed. The pH of human body fluids is closely related to IQ level. Within the allowable range of body fluid pH, people with high acidity have lower IQ, while people with high alkalinity have higher IQ. Scientists tested dozens of boys aged 6 to 13. The results show that the IQ of children whose body fluid PH is greater than 7.0 is higher than that of children whose body fluid pH is less than 7.0 1 times. Some children with poor academic performance and low level of intellectual development are often acidic.