Abstract: In the past, the mining area and the neighboring countryside were two unrelated economic units, and conflicts and disputes often occurred. Henan Beyond Enterprise Group (referred to as Beyond Group) launched the "mining farm" economic model, aimed at resource assets as a link, the mining enterprises and rural development for the benefit of **** the same body, through the development of circular economy and the construction of a new socialist countryside, in order to promote the industrialization, modernization of the countryside, the process of urbanization, and accelerate the pace of the construction of a harmonious society. The pace of construction. This paper explains the specific connotation, basic features, theoretical basis, practical significance, realization form and the key to implementation of "mining farms". From the level of theoretical research, to answer what it is, why, there is no basis, what is the significance, and the key to implementation. In the process of the pilot may also inevitably appear a lot of new theories, new phenomena, new issues worthy of in-depth study and systematic thinking.
Keywords: mining farms; effective model
I, the problem raised
In order to achieve the ambitious goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects, how to solve the "three rural" problem, has always been the relationship between China's economic and social development is a major issue. And solve the "three rural" problem, the construction of new socialist countryside is a major historical task. However, how to build a new socialist countryside? How to choose some specific models according to local conditions? Currently is still in the exploration and pilot stage.
Transcend Group's "Eagle" strategy and the "Third Five-Year Plan", which is synchronized with the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" cycle, clearly puts forward that the Group will focus on the development of coal resources and follow the model of circular economy. It is clearly stated that the Group will focus on the development of coal resources and continuously extend the industrial chain and improve the conversion value according to the model of circular economy. However, the development of a circular economy is still at the exploration and pilot stage in the country.
The real problem is that from agriculture to support industry, to industry to feed agriculture; from rural areas to serve the city, to the city to drive the countryside, industry and agriculture, city and countryside, the two relations are realizing a historical transformation that has never been seen before, and how to look for a golden key to crack this "dilemma" and to build a new economy. How to find a "golden key" to solve this "dilemma", the construction of a new socialist countryside and the development of circular economy science organically combined, beyond the group "mining farms" of the new economy or a new economic model also came into being.
The specific connotation of the "Mining Farm" model
(1) Concept
"Mining Farm" is to build a harmonious mining area, to build the mining area into an ecological town with the characteristics of the recycling economy, and to take into account the mining and agriculture, mine and countryside, mining and rural areas, and the development of the recycling economy. Mining farm" is a new type of economic organization to build a harmonious mining area, to build the mining area into an ecological town with the characteristics of circular economy, and to take into account the multilateral interests of mining industry and agriculture, mines and rural areas, miners and farmers, and enterprises and communities, in order to achieve coordination, development, ****win, and a new form of economic organization in a harmonious way. It is a dynamic new type of economic association that promotes the synergistic development of mining and agriculture and the integrated construction of cities and towns.
(2) Basic features
(1) and. The core concept of "mining farm" is "harmony". Tradition and reality tell us that mining development and agricultural production are based on land resources, the acquisition of resources by different subjects of interest, there has always been a contradiction and disagreement, "Mining Farm" is aimed at resources (land) as a link, to achieve *** win harmonious development, build interests *** an attempt to the same body.
(2) New. "Mining farm" is in response to the call of the central government to build a new socialist countryside, in the beyond the group is in a new period of entrepreneurship, is about to realize the leapfrog development of the background and the emergence of a new concept, in essence, is a kind of innovation, which is different from the traditional company + farmers, and is also different from the village-run township enterprises, and other forms of production organization. .
(3) True. The main body of the new rural construction is the farmers, but the farmers collective aphasia, benefit little. According to information, the central government has increased investment in the "three rural areas" over the years, 297.5 billion yuan in 2005, 339.7 billion yuan in 2006, 391.7 billion yuan in 2007, but 66.5% of the farmers still think that the rural areas are short of funds; 47% of the farmers think that the first aspect of the construction of new rural areas is the "production development". "production development". However, the main content of new rural construction activities in the past two years has been building houses and roads, with no new initiatives in most rural areas. The "mining farm" development model, first of all, respect for the aspirations of farmers, through joint ventures, cooperation and other organizational channels, a sincere start of new rural construction in mining areas.
(4) Real. The "mining farm" is first of all an economic entity, an entity closely related to the interests of both the mining enterprises and the farmers in the mining area, and an entity that has a real impact and radiation effect on the neighboring towns and communities.
(5) Live. "Mining farms" is a dynamic form of economic organization, live live in adhere to the people-oriented, tightly grasp the transformation of the farmers' education, improve their ideological quality, technical quality, to become a new type of farmers with mining workers and agricultural workers with dual skills identity of culture, technology and management.
(6) Benefits. "Mining farm" this form of organization, is conducive to promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote industrialization, agricultural modernization and urbanization construction process; conducive to promoting mining enterprises to grasp the development opportunities, reflecting social responsibility; conducive to promoting the pace of construction of a new socialist countryside, change the face of the countryside; conducive to increasing the income of farmers, narrow the urban and rural differences; conducive to ecological environmental protection in mining areas, and promote the healthy development of mining areas.
Three, "mining farm" model of the theoretical basis
(a) in line with the guiding ideology of the scientific concept of development
The central government puts forward "adhere to the people-centered, set up a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable concept of development, and to promote the economic and social and comprehensive development of human beings. "The essence of the scientific concept of development is the core concept of the development of a new model of "mining farms", but also to promote the synergistic development of the mining industry and agriculture, and to promote urban and rural areas, in order to achieve the goal of sustainable economic and social development.
(2) In line with the fundamental concept of people-centeredness
Agriculture, rural areas and farmers, or the "Three Rural Issues", have been identified as the major issues of China's economic and social development, based on the fundamental interests of the Chinese farmers, who account for 70% of the country's population.
The issue of mining, mines, miners and mining towns, or the "four mines" issue, has a bearing on the overall situation of China's economic and social development, and is a prominent issue that must be dealt with in the current reform, development and stabilization, based on the sustainable development of the mining industry and the long-term interests of the 25-million-strong industrial army.
"Mining farm" is from the "people-oriented" core concept, concrete practice and try to solve the "three rural" and "four mines" combined livelihood. The four mines" combination of livelihood issues.
(3) in line with the essential requirements of building a harmonious society
Harmonious society is a kind of emancipation of productive forces, the development of productive forces, full of creative vitality, people and people, people and society, people and nature live in harmony, the interests of all aspects of the relationship has been effectively coordinated to safeguard and realize the social justice to achieve the **** the same prosperity, reflecting the essence of socialism social form. "Mining farm" is in accordance with such standards and requirements, change the traditional mining construction mode, taking into account the interests of the surrounding farmers, *** with the construction of a harmonious interest *** with the body.
(4) in line with the mining industry, agriculture, the natural origin of the relationship
From the economic attributes, according to the relevant documents of the WTO, the United States, Japan and other advanced countries in the practice of the mining and agriculture are primary industry; from the point of view of the contribution of the mining industry and agriculture to the national economy, they are resource-based industries, at the forefront of the industry chain, primary production is basically labor-intensive. "Mining farms" whether in the production organization or production and management methods, are taking into account the similarities and differences between the mining industry and agriculture and the planning and implementation of the characteristics.
Four, "mining farm" mode of practical significance
"Mining farm" as a new thing, if you can get the government's strong support, through a few years of hard work, will show a strong radiation effect and drive the
(1) The theory and practice of "mining farms" provide a new way of thinking and a new model for how to build a harmonious society and a new socialist countryside.
(2) The theory and practice of "mining farms" provide experience for the elimination of the dual structure of urban and rural areas, the promotion of integrated urban and rural development, and the advancement of industrialization, modernization of the countryside, and the process of urbanization.
(3) The theory and practice of "mining farms" is an effective way to implement the scientific outlook on development, change the traditional peasant household-type production and management methods, develop collective cooperative business entities, and explore the industrial feeding of agriculture, urban and rural areas to drive the countryside, and to realize modernization with ****.
(4) The theory and practice of "mining farms" provide new ideas and methods for integrating scarce resources, reducing conflicting constraints, coupling industrial ****, beautifying ecological environments, remediating and treating subsidence, and developing a circular economy.
(5) "Mining farm" theory and practice, adhere to the core concept of people-oriented, strengthen the transformation of the farmers' education, improve the degree of organization of farmers, the fundamental impetus is to stimulate the enthusiasm of the farmers, if the farmers' "voice" is not respected, its public ****ing. If the farmers "voice" is not respected, their participation in public **** affairs awareness is weak, the lack of sense of ownership and sense of belonging, without a benign and stable psychological expectations, the rural areas will not have real change and development. "Mining farm" is from this concept of requirements for the construction of a new socialist countryside, modern mining, green towns to lay a harmonious humanistic foundation.
V. "Mining farm" model of the target system
(A) a fundamental goal
The "mining farm" as a carrier, the overall construction of harmonious mining areas.
(2) Two best combinations
One is the combination of mining development and agricultural development, transforming the mode of production link; the other is the combination of economic development and social development, transforming the mode of consumption link. Through such measures, trying to use the ecological chain of industry (mining) and agriculture, production and consumption, urban areas and mining areas, industry and industry, etc. Organic combination, the formation of *** with the development of industrial clusters as well as dynamic and harmonious mining areas.
(C) three substantial transformation
One is to joint ventures, cooperation as the basic form, leading to the transformation of the new economic organization;
The second is the quality of training as a means of contributing to the transformation of the identity of the "shareholders, workers, farmers" trinity;
Three is to coordination, development, * * * win, harmony as the purpose, to promote the development of a harmonious mining community, as well as a dynamic and harmonious mine. ** win, harmony for the purpose of promoting the mining industry to feed agriculture, urban and rural construction, farmers' income increase, quality of life, village appearance, village customs have been transformed.
(D) build four systems
One is the circular economy industrial system. Including eco-mining, eco-industry, eco-agriculture, eco-service industry.
The second is the infrastructure system. Including water system, energy system, transportation system, new rural construction system.
The third is the ecological environmental protection system. Including greening and beautification, environmental protection, disaster prevention and control, collapse prevention, and land reclamation projects.
Fourth is the social cause system. Including "mining farms" of science and technology, education, culture, health, sports and other undertakings to be integrated planning, increase investment, the overall promotion, focusing on economic and social development, urban and rural coordinated development, regional coordinated development, coordinated development of man and nature. See Figure 1 for details.
Six, "mining farm" mode of realization of the form
How to form a "mining farm", is currently in the exploration and design stage. In principle, mining enterprises and neighboring townships and villages (farmers) as equal subjects, respectively, with their own resources, funds, capital and other elements of the shares, the formation of equal rights and obligations on the basis of the "mining farm".
(A) joint venture
In the mining enterprises and their industrial plazas related to the recycling economy industry chain project, the unified planning of the four major systems (industrial system, infrastructure system, ecological environment system, social utilities system), the farmers in the land contract period of the land contract management right to concentrate on the village committee, in the name of the collective property, approved by the people's government of the county and district and the mining industry. Corporate bodies to form a "mining farms limited liability company", and actively promote the land intensive, large-scale operation, engaged in ecological agricultural demonstration and deep processing of agricultural products and industrial (mining) services, in order to solve the expansion of employment of farmers, to protect the land and stable income.
(ii) cooperation
Industrial square outside the other coal pressure boundary area of land, farmers can also land contract management rights into shares, and mining enterprises *** with the formation of cooperative companies, focusing on the development of eco-agriculture related to agricultural and sideline products and their deep processing, as well as engaged in the collapse of the treatment, land reclamation, soil and water conservation, to participate in the "three under the "Coal pressure engineering construction and construction of new socialist countryside, to fundamentally solve the development of ecological agriculture and ecological environment in the mining area, in order to change the face of the countryside.
Figure 1 Principle framework diagram of mining farm development model
Figure 2 Planning roadmap of mining farm development model
(C) Training
Through inviting in and going out in a variety of ways, the establishment of training bases remotely or on-site, in order to improve the comprehensive quality of the farmers, to strengthen the level of organization, to broaden the channels of employment, and to promote the transformation of identity.
On the basis of joint venture, cooperation and training, the issue of land transfer can be reasonably resolved according to the progress of the industrial (mining) circular economy project, and in accordance with the current land policy of the state, as well as to continuously increase the income of the farmers and reduce the urban-rural difference. In this way, after 5 to 10 years of efforts, it is possible to build a clean and safe production, infrastructure support, ecological environment and beautification of the circular economy ecological park, as well as community civilization and harmony of the green towns and meet the standards of the new socialist countryside. In practice, it can effectively solve the deep-rooted problems of "three rural areas" and "four mines", and achieve the purpose of integrated development of urban and rural areas. See Figure 2 for details.
Seven, "mining farm" the implementation of the key
(a) planning issues
Planning to achieve "five combinations", that is, the immediate and long-term, local and global, economic and social ecological functions, mining resources development and ecological agriculture, and the development of mining resources and ecological agriculture. The combination of mining resources development and ecological agricultural development, mining enterprise development and new rural construction.
(2) land issues
Land issues is the country's "high-voltage line", mine construction and the survival of farmers have a close relationship with land resources. Therefore, in strict accordance with the laws, regulations and procedures of land management, and properly solve the problem of land transfer within the "mining farm" zoning.
(C) the pilot issue
"Mining farm" is a new thing, must pilot first, innovative experience, steady progress, and strive for results.