Prevention and control of volatile organic compounds pollution;
I. Source and process control
(1) In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, advanced cleaner production technologies are encouraged to improve the conversion and utilization efficiency of crude oil. Technical measures to prevent and control VOCs-containing waste gas pollution from equipment and pipeline components, process waste gas, waste gas burning tower (torch) and waste water treatment include:
1. Make LDAR (LDAR) plan for pumps, compressors, valves, flanges and other equipment and pipeline components that are prone to leakage, check them regularly and repair them in time to prevent or reduce leakage;
2. The process waste gas containing VOCs discharged from production devices should be recycled first, and those that cannot (or cannot) be recycled should be treated and discharged up to standard; In case of emergency, vent gas can be introduced into the combustion tower (torch) and discharged after full combustion;
3. The VOCs-containing waste gas generated in the process of wastewater collection and treatment is discharged up to standard after collection and treatment.
(2) In the coal processing and conversion industry, we should encourage the adoption of advanced cleaner production technology to realize efficient and clean coal conversion, focus on identifying and troubleshooting the prone parts of VOCs leakage in process devices and pipeline components, and formulate measures to prevent VOCs leakage and respond to emergencies.
(3) Technical measures to prevent and control VOCs pollution in the storage, transportation and sales of oil products (fuels and solvents) include:
1. Oil storage tanks, gas stations and tankers should be equipped with corresponding oil and gas collection systems, and oil storage tanks and gas stations should be equipped with corresponding oil and gas recovery systems;
2. Oil (fuel oil, solvent, etc. ) The storage tank shall adopt high-efficiency sealed inner (outer) floating roof storage tank. When the fixed roof storage tank is used, the gas containing VOCs will be transported to the recovery equipment through the closed exhaust system;
3. Volatile organic compounds emitted by oil (fuel, solvent, etc.). Vehicles (car tankers, railway tankers, oil tankers, etc.). ) is collected and transported to the recovery equipment in a sealed manner during the loading process, and can also be returned to the storage tank or sent to the gas pipeline network.
(4) The technical measures for preventing and controlling VOCs pollution in the production industries with VOCs as raw materials, such as paints, inks, adhesives and pesticides, include:
1. Encourage the production and sale of water-based, non-organic and low-organic solvent-based coatings, inks and adhesives that meet the technical requirements of environmentally-friendly products;
2 to encourage the use of closed integrated production technology, and the waste gas generated in the production process will be collected for post-treatment.
(5) Technical measures to prevent and control VOCs pollution during the use of products containing VOCs such as paint, printing, bonding and industrial cleaning include:
1. Encourage the use of environmentally-friendly paints, inks, adhesives and cleaning agents that have passed the certification of environmentally-friendly products;
2. According to the different coating processes, encourage the use of water-based coatings, high-solid coatings, powder coatings, ultraviolet curing (UV) coatings and other environmental protection coatings; Promote the use of electrostatic spraying, flow coating, roll coating, dip coating and other efficient coating processes; Open-air spraying operation without VOCs purification and recovery measures should be avoided as far as possible;
3. Promote the use of water-based ink in the printing process, encourage the use of ultraviolet curing (UV) ink in the tin printing and can making industries, and encourage the use of pre-coating film technology in the book printing industry;
4. Encourage the use of water-based and hot-melt environmentally-friendly adhesives in the bonding process of wood-based panels, footwear, leather products and packaging materials, and promote solvent-free compounding and * * * extrusion compounding technologies in the production of composite films;
5. Eliminate the production processes that use trifluorotrichloroethane, methyl chloroform and carbon tetrachloride as cleaning agents or solvents. The waste solvent generated in the cleaning process should be collected in a sealed way, the waste solvent with recycling value should be treated and reused, and other waste solvents should be properly disposed of;
6. During the use of VOCs-containing products, waste gas collection measures should be taken to improve the efficiency of waste gas collection, reduce the unorganized emission and escape of waste gas, and recycle or treat the collected waste gas and discharge it up to standard.
(6) Technical measures to prevent and control VOCs pollution from domestic sources such as building decoration, clothing dry cleaning and catering lampblack include:
1. Promote the use of architectural coatings, low organic solvent-based wood coatings and adhesives that meet the technical requirements of environmentally-friendly products in the architectural decoration industry, and gradually reduce the use of organic solvent-based coatings;
2. In the clothing dry cleaning industry, we should eliminate the production and use of open dry cleaning machines, promote the use of closed dry cleaning machines equipped with compressor refrigeration solvent recovery system, and encourage the use of dry cleaning machines equipped with activated carbon adsorption devices;
3. Encourage the catering service industry to use clean energy such as pipeline gas, natural gas and electricity; Advocate a diet with low oil smoke, low pollution and low energy consumption.
The second is terminal processing and comprehensive utilization.
(1) Encourage the recycling of VOCs in industrial production, giving priority to recycling in production systems.
(2) For the waste gas containing high concentration of VOCs, condensation recovery and adsorption recovery technologies should be given priority for recycling, and other treatment technologies should be supplemented to achieve up-to-standard discharge.
(3) For the waste gas with medium VOCs concentration, adsorption technology can be used to recover organic solvents, or catalytic combustion and thermal incineration technology can be used to purify the waste gas and meet the discharge standards. When catalytic combustion and thermal incineration technology are used for purification, waste heat should be recovered.
(4) For the waste gas containing low-concentration VOCs, adsorption technology and absorption technology can be used to recover the organic solvent, and the waste gas can be discharged up to the standard when it has recycling value; When it is not suitable for recycling, adsorption concentration combustion technology, biotechnology, absorption technology, plasma technology or advanced ultraviolet oxidation technology can be used for purification and discharge.
(5) Waste gas containing organic halogen component VOCs should be treated by non-incineration technology.
(6) Odor gas pollution sources can be purified by biotechnology, plasma technology, adsorption technology, absorption technology, advanced ultraviolet oxidation technology or combined technology. The purified malodorous gas should not only meet the discharge standard, but also be discharged at high altitude to avoid disturbing people.
(7) Promote the use of fume extraction and exhaust devices with oil mist recovery function in catering service industry, and adopt efficient fume and VOCs purification devices according to scale, site and climate conditions, and then discharge them up to standard.
(8) Strictly control the secondary pollution generated in the process of VOCs treatment. Inorganic waste gas containing sulfur, nitrogen and chlorine generated in the process of catalytic combustion and thermal incineration, and organic waste water generated in the process of adsorption, absorption, condensation and biological treatment should be treated and discharged up to standard.
(9) Non-renewable filtration materials, adsorbents, catalysts and other purification materials should be treated and disposed of in accordance with the relevant provisions of the national solid waste management.
III. Encourage research and development of new technologies, materials and equipment.
Encourage the development and popularization of the following new technologies, materials and equipment:
(1) Cleaner production technology that can reduce the formation and volatilization of VOCs in industrial production.
(2) Rotating molecular sieve adsorption concentration technology, high-efficiency regenerative catalytic combustion technology (RCO) and regenerative thermal combustion technology (RTO), nitrogen cycle desorption adsorption recovery technology, high-efficiency water-based enhanced absorption technology and other biological purification technologies and low-temperature plasma purification technologies for specific organic pollutants.
(3) Efficient adsorption materials (such as special activated carbon, high-strength activated carbon fiber, modified hydrophobic molecular sieve, silica gel, etc.). ), catalytic materials (such as broad-spectrum VOCs oxidation catalyst, etc. ), efficient biological fillers and adsorbents, etc.
(4) volatile organic compounds recovery and comprehensive utilization equipment.
Four. Operation and monitoring
(1) Encourage enterprises to carry out VOCs monitoring by themselves and submit the monitoring results to the local environmental protection administrative department in a timely and active manner.
(2) The enterprise shall establish and improve the daily management system such as operation and maintenance procedures and accounting of VOCs treatment facilities, and regularly maintain all kinds of equipment, electricity and automatic control instruments according to the process requirements to ensure the stable operation of the facilities.
(3) Emergency rescue plans for accidents, fires, explosions, etc. when terminal treatment is carried out by adsorption recovery (concentration), catalytic combustion, thermal incineration, plasma, etc. The emergency preparedness of the unit should be well prepared, equipped with emergency rescue personnel and equipment, and emergency drills should be conducted.
reference data
Baidu Encyclopedia:/item/VOCs/11001866? Fr = Aladdin