The ruins found in Hong 'an can be traced back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. At present, there are Peach Blossom Pagoda in Song Dynasty, Twin City Pagoda in Yuan Dynasty and Wu Temple in Qing Dynasty. In this article, I only discuss the first general county in China from three aspects: ancient city, ancient town and ancient village in Hong 'an. There are not only famous revolutionary historical sites here, but also splendid ancient architectural sites.
I. Commemoration of the Ancient City of Hong 'an (Huang An)
Hongan County is located at the southern foot of Dabie Mountain, formerly known as Jiangjiafan, and now known as Chengguan Town. It is located in the center of the county seat, surrounded by mountains. The mother river of Hong 'an runs through the city from north to south, close to Jinsha Lake Wetland Park in the northwest, close to Kezi Mountain in the northeast, and close to famous scenic spots such as Mashan and Jiangjun City Film and Television Base in the south. This is a beautiful and warm hero city.
Standing on the dam of Jinsha Lake in the western suburbs of the county, or on the top of Puzi Mountain in the eastern suburbs of the county, you can look up at Hong 'an City, where there are many tall buildings and trees, showing a brand-new, modern, fashionable and prosperous atmosphere. Back in time, in the center of this city, there used to be a quaint, elegant and exquisite ancient city.
The setting of counties and cities in Ming Dynasty benefited from the orientation of man and his father Geng. With his help, the imperial court approved the designation of some villages in Macheng, Huangpi, Huanggang and other places, and established a new county government in Huang An, and the county was built in Jiangjiafan in the center of the county.
The ancient city of Huang An starts from the southwest corner of Hong 'an No.1 Middle School in the northeast, reaches Datang Corner in the southeast, reaches the former site of the Old Cultural Palace in the southwest and reaches the County Animal Husbandry Bureau in the northwest. According to the records of ancient county annals, the ancient city of Huang An County has reasonable layout, exquisite architecture, magnificent momentum and beautiful scenery. The wall is rectangular, and there is a complete moat outside the wall. The circumference of the city wall is about 4000 meters, and the height of the city wall is about six or seven meters. There are Kuixing Pagoda at the four corners of the city wall, and there are gates in the east, west, north and south directions. Towering tower, cornices painted, extraordinary weather.
Inside the ancient city, there are two vertical and horizontal streets, and many streets and lanes are strung together. I haven't verified the names of these two streets before. After liberation, the vertical street was called Minzhu Street, the horizontal street was called Shengli Street, and the vertical street outside the East Gate was called Jiefang Street. There are three hills outside the ancient city, namely Beimengang, Nanmengang and Dongmenggang, whose names still exist today.
From the Ming Dynasty to the present, this ancient city has been eroded by the wind and rain of the years, destroyed by the artillery fire of the war, and especially bombed by the planes of the Japanese aggressors. The Kuomintang army demolished the wall to build fortifications, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it demolished the wall and expanded it to the left, making this ancient city of more than 400 years disappear, and even the moat disappeared.
In the middle and late 1960s, when I was a junior high school student in Hong 'an No.1 Middle School, I was lucky enough to see the remaining section of the wall in Beimengang, as well as the ancient trial shed in the county compound, the Confucius Temple in the county people's armed forces department and the old quadrangle in the county No.1 Middle School. I don't know whether these precious historical sites still exist, but I can't verify them.
Hong 'an is my hometown. Although I have been away from home for decades, I still come back from time to time to see. I think the present county, the urban area has expanded from one square kilometer to more than twenty square kilometers, and the population has expanded from four to five thousand to more than two hundred thousand. Although many place names in the past are still in use today, times are changing and society is progressing.
Today's Hong 'an is not what it used to be, homesickness fades, new songs are loud, ancient cities disappear, new cities rise strongly, and a brand-new modern, fashionable and prosperous city is presented to the world.
Second, the origin of Hong 'an ancient town (Huang An)
According to county records, in addition to the county seat, there were Qiliping Town, Taohua Town, Yinjiahe Town, Huajiahe Town, Lv Wang Town, Huangpi Station Town, Zhonghe Temple Town and Baliwan Town in Huang An in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, there was no road traffic in the county, and the goods in and out were mainly transported by the river, so Qiliping Town, Baliwan Town and Zhonghe Temple Town, which are close to the river, were the most prosperous.
During the period of the Republic of China, wars in the county continued and the market towns shrank. In 1930s and 1940s, Qiliping, an important town in the north of the county seat, was cleared by the "national army" and bombed by the Japanese aggressors, resulting in heavy losses. Since this period, Huang An County has had highway traffic, and the layout of market towns has also changed from river to road. Zhonghe Temple Town in the south of the county has declined into a village, and Yinjiahe along the Songbuhekou Highway has gradually developed into Yongjiahe Town.
In the early days of the founding of New China, the relatively large market towns in Hong 'an (Huang An) were Qiliping Town, Baliwan Town, Tongbai Town and Yongjiahe Town. In addition, there are some inferior market towns such as Tanshugang, Huajiahe, Qiaodian, Gao Qiao River, Xisanligang, Tingzi, Dongshangdian, Zhandian, Liziwan, Taohua, Xinji, Liziyuan, Shuan Valley, Miaozuiwan, Zuopodian, Dujiating, Meiere Temple and Taiping Bridge.
From 1950s to 1970s, after the founding of New China, the market towns in Hong 'an County gradually recovered and developed. With the adjustment of administrative divisions, a number of former market towns have become villages, and a number of district-level institutions have grown. The larger market towns in the county have been gradually adjusted and formed, with Qiliping, Baliwan, Yongjiahe, Meiere Temple, Zhandian, Huajiahe and Dazhaojia coming to the fore, forming a market town centered on the county town and seven market towns distributed in the north, south and east.
What is particularly worth mentioning here is Qiliping Town in the north of the county seat. This is a century-old star town. Changsheng Street in the town is more than 600 meters long, with blue bricks and tiles, slate floor and shops along the street. It is the commercial center of Hubei and Henan. During the Great Revolution, it was also the center of Hubei, Henan and Anhui revolutionary base areas, and Changsheng Street and its surrounding buildings. Many of them are the residences of various organs of the Red Army, and those humble low-rise houses belong to the leaders of the Republic of China. Until today, the township has expanded to both sides of the Daoshui River, with a population of more than 20,000. The architectural style of the whole town is all in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is a veritable demonstration tourist town in China.
When it comes to Hong 'an ancient town, we have to talk about Baliwan Town in the south of the county seat. During the period from the Republic of China to the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was the administrative center in the south of the county, and once administered the southern areas including Bali, Taiping and Meiere communes. It is not far from my hometown Meiere Temple. I remember there was a street in the township in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and there was Hong 'an No.2 Middle School next to the township. Not far from towns and villages, there is Wu Temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit. Baliwan Town at that time was a big town in Hong 'an County with a large population and a prosperous market.
Finally, I have to talk about my hometown, Mi Ersi Town. In Hong 'an, Meiere Temple is not as famous as Qiliping Town or as old as Baliwan Town, but it was once famous for a temple called Meiere Temple, which made this small market town famous. Our home is about seven miles away from Meiere Miaolao Street. The only "city" I visited before I went to junior high school in the county was Meiere Old Street, a 500-meter-long old street paved with bluestone slabs, which left my childhood memories.
Nowadays, due to the rise of Mir Sancha Road, the town government moved to Sancha Road, and Mir Old Street gradually declined. The red Annan Wuhan North Industrial New City centered on Sancha Road has developed rapidly, forming a "city" with an area of 1.26 square kilometers, and its scale momentum has surpassed that of the county.
Third, the exploration of ancient villages in Hong 'an (Huang An)
Hong 'an (Huang An) has a long cultural history and rich architectural relics, although it has only been established for more than 400 years. There are not only hundreds of red relics here, but also many traditional residential resources. At present, there are only eight traditional ancient villages in China.
These traditional ancient villages are the root and soul of Chinese culture, which not only become the new kinetic energy for Hong 'an to develop tourism industry and promote economic development, but also become a new landmark for inheriting local culture and carrying forward the spirit of Hong 'an.
The traditional ethnic villages in Hong 'an County include Zhulou Village, Tuwan Village, Huilongzhai Village, Ouqiao Village, Yufan Village, Chunshudian Village, Doushan Village in Baliwan Town and Bailinsi Village in Qiliping Town.
Zhujialouwan in Zhulou Village is surrounded by mountains and waters, with more than 30 courtyards and more than 300 houses. After more than 600 years, it has been known as "the first village in Jingchu" and was selected as the seventh batch of famous Chinese historical and cultural villages in June 20 19.
Doosan Ancient Village is the most intact village in eastern Hubei during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is also the "Founding Ceremony of the Celestial Officials" inscribed by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Wu's Ancestral Hall is a national key cultural relic protection unit, covering an area of 3,000 square meters, with a high level of internal architecture, woodcut, pottery sculpture and stone carving, and is known as "the first temple in eastern Hubei".
Shiwan in Huilongzhai Village was built in Ming Dynasty, and then it was built into East and West Bay. However, the architectural style of the village is basically the same, with blue brick eaves, dragon-shaped animal platform, drum screen partition and courtyard in the hall. It sits west to east and is built on the mountain. It is a typical "horseshoe shape" and "round chair floor". Shiwan is an outstanding person. In history, there were two juren and four court officials above Grade 4.
Liu Yunsi Bay, Ouqiao Village, was selected as the shooting location by six TV series including Li Xiannian and Yichang Defence War, which attracted more than 10,000 people and was selected as the third batch of ancient villages on 20 14.
The owner of Yufan Village is close to Dou Wei Lake Reservoir, with beautiful scenery and superior natural resources. It is a century-old village where natural landscape and humanistic culture coexist.
The buildings of Chengjia Summer Resort in Chunshudian Village are all in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and they still retain their original appearance. In recent years, it has attracted a large number of film crews to shoot here, and many scenes of "Iron Blood and Red Security" were shot in Chengjia Summer Resort.
Bailinsi Village is a famous revolutionary martyr village. Villagers have moved here from Jiangxi for more than 600 years, with profound historical background and rich red cultural resources. Over the years, the atmosphere of advocating learning and attaching importance to education has been strong. 2065438+In September 2009, it was selected into the list of typical demonstration villages in beautiful countryside, Hubei Province.
In addition to the above eight national ancient villages, there are many ancient villages hidden in the mountains in Hong 'an, which are unknown. For a long time, due to various historical reasons, cultural heritage has been neglected and not protected enough, and the phenomenon of indiscriminate demolition and construction has occurred frequently. Coupled with the loss of population, most ancient buildings are uninhabited, and problems such as collapse and fire often occur in disrepair.
Hong 'an ancient village is rich in remains, so protection and development are imminent. First of all, we should raise people's awareness of ancient heritage protection, dredge capital channels through multiple channels, strengthen transportation and infrastructure construction, increase the research and planning of ancient villages, expand the publicity of ancient villages, improve their visibility and attractiveness, and rationally develop ancient village tourism in protection, thus promoting the development of local economy, promoting protection through tourism, forming a virtuous circle mechanism, making ancient villages a new bright spot in rural tourism and realizing the sustainable development of ancient villages.