Sun Moon Mountain has always been the throat of the mainland's road to Tibet. As early as Han, Wei, Jin, Sui, Tang and other dynasties, this was the outpost and barrier of the Central Plains Dynasty. Therefore, it is known as "Western Sea Barrier" and "Grassland Gateway". In the first year of North Wei Mingdi Turtle (AD 420), monk Song Yun went west from Luoyang to learn Buddhist scriptures, that is, he went to Tianzhu via Sun Moon Mountain. In history, Sun Moon Mountain was also the dividing line between Tang Dynasty and Tubo. In the 7th century AD, the Tubo Yalong tribe headed by Songtsan Gampo merged with other tribes and established the Tubo Dynasty in a place called Luojue (Lhasa), which was bounded by Chiling in the Tang Dynasty at that time. After Songzan Gambu was promoted to Zampa, he was amazed at the prosperity and civilization of the Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), he sent envoys to Chang 'an to say hello to the Tang Dynasty. Emperor Taizong also attached great importance to the first envoy of Tubo, and immediately sent an envoy Feng Dexia to meet him with a letter. Songzan Gambu "See Deya, I am overjoyed. I heard that Tugu Temple and Tuguhun are princesses, so I sent envoys to North Korea to propose marriage with Germany and many treasures. " But at that time, Emperor Taizong disagreed, and Songzan Gambu sent several people to propose to the Tang Dynasty, but they failed to do so. He decided to intermarry by force, and the first war broke out in the twelfth year of Zhenguan (638). Songtsan Gambu led an army to attack Tangsongzhou (now Songpan, Sichuan) and was repelled by Tang Jun. This is the "Battle of Songzhou" in history. After the defeat of Tubo, Songzan Gambu sent messengers to Chang 'an to apologize, and sent Lu Dongzan, a minister, to prepare generous gifts-5,200 taels of gold and hundreds of treasures, and to Chang 'an to propose to Emperor Taizong again. The following year, Emperor Taizong promised Songzan Gambu to marry Princess Wencheng, a female imperial clan, and in the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (64 1), he appointed Li Daozong, king of Jiangxia, to accompany Lu Dongzan, an envoy of the Tubo dynasty, to escort Princess Wencheng to the capital of the Tubo dynasty.

In ancient history, there were many mutual markets in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, and Chiling mutual market was one of them. In the second year of Tang Wude (6 19), Shaanxi State (ruling Ledu Nianbo today) and Kuozhou State (ruling Hualong Group today) were established in the eastern part of Qinghai, and a secretariat was established. The following year, Tang made peace with Tuguhun and reached a mutual market agreement, which was defended by riding the wind (now Laji Mountain Pass). In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), Tang and Tubo traded horses in Chiling. Qinghai was an important horse-producing area at that time. The "Qinghai Qi" cultivated by Tuguhun people was still famous in the Tang Dynasty. Today, the "Hequ Horse" produced in Huangnan and Hainan is also a famous horse in China.

After Tang Suzong, a "tea-horse exchange" was launched, and a large number of cattle and horses in Qinghai were exchanged to the mainland; Tea and silk from the mainland were also exchanged to pastoral areas.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there were more places for mutual trade, such as Zhenhai Fort, Doba and Baita 'er (now Datong Old Chengguan). After the Qing Dynasty put down the rebellion of Zangdanjin in Luobu, it strictly controlled the mutual market, stipulated that only mutual market transactions were allowed in February and August every year, and sent troops to suppress it. Later, because this regulation could not meet the exchange needs of people of all ethnic groups, the Qing court relaxed its policy several times and moved the location of the Sun, Moon and Mountain Exchange to Tangar (now Huangyuan County), and the date was also relaxed. As a continuation of the Sun-Moon-Mountain mutual market, the League-Canada mutual market soon became "a place where Han, Tu, Hui, distance and Mongolians communicate", especially during Jiaqing and Daoguang celebrations. According to the Records of Tangar Hall in Qing Dynasty, the Dandi market was "packed with goods from Qinghai and Tibet, and merchants from mainland provinces gathered, with an annual import price of1220,000", which became a prominent national trade center in northwest China at that time.