What will happen to the baby with severe thalassemia? Thalassemia will occur in childhood and it will last for a long time. Most of them will carry some congenital genetic factors, such as thalassemia in their mothers or family members. Here's what happens to babies with severe thalassemia.

What will happen to the baby with severe thalassemia? 1 Usually, babies with severe thalassemia will have symptoms such as pale skin, loss of appetite and slow development at the initial stage of illness. In the middle of the illness, the baby's bones will begin to change, showing that the eye distance is widened and the skull is gradually enlarged. If not treated in time, it may lead to the baby's heart failure and death.

Thalassemia is a hereditary disease, which can only be treated by regular blood transfusion. Parents are advised to take their baby to the hospital in time to avoid the deterioration of the condition. Babies with mild anemia should supplement iron in time and eat more foods with high iron content. Pay attention to rest, eat a balanced diet and actively prevent infection.

1, causing baby's growth retardation: If the baby suffers from severe thalassemia, it will cause baby's discomfort at first, and then slowly lead to baby's loss of appetite, which will lead to baby's growth retardation and even lead to baby's bone deformation.

2, affecting the baby's facial beauty: mild thalassemia will develop into severe thalassemia if it is not treated in time, and once it develops into severe thalassemia, after the baby 1 year old, it will cause the baby's skull to become bigger, the bridge of the nose to collapse, and it will also lead to the baby's eyes to widen, which will greatly affect the baby's facial beauty.

3, short stature: the baby suffers from severe thalassemia and needs blood transfusion treatment, otherwise it will affect the baby's development, leading to short stature and even lead to liver disease.

4, heart failure: severe thalassemia must give blood transfusion to the baby on time, long-term blood transfusion to the baby will lead to iron deposition in the baby, leading to heart failure and even death.

What will happen to the baby with severe thalassemia? Two symptoms of infants with severe thalassemia.

If the baby suffers from severe thalassemia, his face will look pale, his appetite will decrease, his growth rate will slow down and his liver and spleen will increase. If the baby has these symptoms, it needs to be taken to see a doctor in time, because the treatment of severe thalassemia is more troublesome, so parents must observe the baby's dynamics more to avoid delaying treatment.

There are mild, moderate and severe thalassemia. Most thalassemia patients are no different from normal people in life and appearance. If both husband and wife suffer from thalassemia, the chances of the baby suffering from thalassemia will also increase greatly. For the baby's health, it is best to have a physical examination before marriage, which can prevent thalassemia to a great extent.

If both husband and wife suffer from thalassemia, they must have regular checkups during pregnancy. If the test results show that the baby has moderate or mild thalassemia, they can give birth with peace of mind. If the baby is diagnosed as fetal edema syndrome or severe thalassemia, it is best to terminate the pregnancy to prevent the serious baby from being born.

clinical picture

1, α thalassemia static type: no clinical symptoms and signs, no anemia, normal erythrocyte morphology; Standard type: mild anemia (small cells with low pigment), slightly lower osmotic fragility of red blood cells, positive inclusion body formation test, and HbBarts reached 5- 15% at birth.

HbH disease: mild to moderate anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, hemolytic crisis often caused by taking oxidizing drugs or complicated infection, and pregnancy can aggravate the condition. HbH band can be found by Hb electrophoresis, inclusion body formation test is positive, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility is reduced;

Fetal edema of HbBarts: premature delivery immediately after stillbirth or death, underweight, mild jaundice, obvious edema, hepatosplenomegaly, uneven and abnormal red blood cell size, and HbBarts accounts for 80-90% of HB.

2.β thalassemia quiescent type: β+thalassemia heterozygote, asymptomatic, anemia. A few target red blood cells can be seen in the blood membrane, the osmotic fragility of red blood cells is slightly reduced, and HbA2(α2δ2) is slightly increased. Mild: β0 thalassemia heterozygote, with mild to moderate anemia and mild splenomegaly.

Anemia is a small cell with low pigmentation, and the target cell can be seen. Reticulocyte can reach 5%, erythrocyte osmotic fragility is reduced, HbA2 is increased, and HbF(α2γ2) is slightly increased in half cases. Severity: Homozygote, also known as Coulee's anemia, is seriously ill and often dies in childhood.

Some of them are light and can live to adulthood. After birth 1 year, anemia is gradually aggravated, growth is retarded, hepatosplenomegaly is obvious, jaundice is slight, the face is "Mongolian-like", the X-ray film of skull plate is comb-shaped, anemia is serious, small cells are obvious, pigmentation is low, and red blood cells vary in size.

Common target cells and basophilic mottled red blood cells, immature red blood cells can be seen inclusion bodies. HbF is often between 30% and 60%, even as high as 90%. Intermediate type: a few symptoms are mild, mainly depending on the type of gene variation.

3. Other HbLepore syndrome: a fusion gene Δ β replaced the β chain; Hereditary fetal hemoglobin (HbF) persistent syndrome;

What will happen to the baby with severe thalassemia? What are the symptoms of thalassemia?

According to different kinds of peptide chain synthesis disorders, thalassemia can be divided into four types: α-thalassemia, β-thalassemia, δ-thalassemia and γ-thalassemia. α -thalassemia and β -thalassemia are common in clinic. Due to the different severity of the situation, it can be divided into three types: light, medium and heavy.

Among them, patients who belong to the first two types can generally survive to adulthood, while critically ill patients are prone to die at an early age. Clinically, the earlier a child gets sick, the more serious his illness will be. Mild thalassemia is not easy to detect, and it is often discovered when family history is investigated.

1, α -thalassemia

(1) static type. There is no anemia in the child, and the red blood cells are normal, but there are some abnormalities in umbilical cord blood, that is, the content of Hb Barts is between 0,01-0,02, but this abnormality will disappear after three months.

(2) light. The patient has no symptoms of anemia. There are some morphological variations in red blood cells, such as shape change, uneven size, positive Heinz body and central light staining. Usually, the content of Hb Barts in umbilical cord blood is between 0,034 and 0, 140, but this symptom will disappear after 120 days.

(3) intermediate type. Also known as hemoglobin H disease. Symptoms of mild to moderate anemia appear. At this time, the patient has the characteristics of anemia, but when anemia occurs, the clinical manifestations such as blood loss are very different. Most children will have anemia, fatigue, mild hyperbilirubinemia or hepatomegaly after 1 year. Most children at this level can only survive to adulthood.

(4) heavy. Also known as Hb Barts fetal edema syndrome. Fetuses with this disease usually miscarry or die in 30-40 weeks. Even if a child is born, it is easy for him to die within half an hour after delivery. After the child is born, he can see obvious symptoms such as anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, systemic edema, and large and brittle placenta.

2. β -thalassemia

(1) Lightweight. Children may have mild anemia, splenomegaly, or asymptomatic, or mild splenomegaly. It is not easy to be found, and it is often ignored, and it can generally survive into old age.

(2) intermediate type. Children have no symptoms in early childhood, but they usually show up in early childhood, ranging from mild to severe. The main symptoms are mild and moderate splenomegaly and slight bone changes.

(3) heavy. Also known as Cooley anemia, it has no obvious characteristics at birth, but the symptoms of chronic progressive anemia begin to appear from 90 days to full age. Children are generally hepatosplenomegaly, pale, stunted, accompanied by mild hyperbilirubinemia, which becomes more and more obvious with age, and will have the characteristics of enlarged bones and widened medullary cavity.

After 1 year-old, the skull appearance has changed obviously, the head has enlarged, the eye distance has changed, the height of cheekbones and the nose have collapsed. This is a typical manifestation of thalassemia. Children are often complicated with tracheitis and pneumonia, and even severe heart failure. If left untreated, children are likely to die before the age of 5.