The real name of Confucius Institute is Feast Duke College. Located on the east side of the Confucius Temple, it is the official office of Confucius' eldest grandson. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of the Han Dynasty, offered sacrifices to the tomb of Confucius with the ceremony of Thai prison, and named Confucius IX as a sacrificial monarch, offering sacrifices to Confucius on behalf of the country. After successive dynasties, he was named the Duke of Feast in the Song Dynasty. During the ten years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, an independent feast was established. Now there are more than 480 buildings, halls and halls. The former is an official residence and the latter is an inner residence. There are famous Confucius archives and a large number of cultural relics in the mansion. Known as "the best in the world", Confucius House was the residence of Confucius Group for a long time, and it was also a typical building in China feudal society where official residence and inner residence were integrated. After the death of Confucius, later generations lived beside the temple to look after Confucius' relics. By the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the houses of descendants of Confucius had expanded to dozens. In the Jin Dynasty, the descendants of Confucius had been in the east of Confucius Temple. With the promotion of Confucius' official position and title, Confucius' buildings continued to expand until the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties reached their present scale. At present, Confucius House covers an area of about 7.4 hectares, with 480 ancient buildings, which are divided into nine courtyards in the middle, east and west roads. The gate of Confucius House is a five-purlin suspended mountain building inscribed by Yan Song in Ming Dynasty. There is a pair of couplets on both sides of the door, which reads "Let's be safe and prosperous, and share the moral sacred family on the same day", in which the word "rich" is a little missing, meaning "rich without a head" and the word "chapter" stands upright on it, meaning "the article reaches the sky". This pair of couplets sums up the style of "Holy Family" for thousands of years. There are six halls in Confucius House, imitating six parts of feudal dynasty. On both sides of the second door are the Dog Watching Hall, Baijia Hall, Jingtang, Yuetang, Zhiyin Hall, Calligraphy Hall and Gongzheng Hall. Ming Dynasty architecture, * * * five rooms, spacious and generous, was once the place where imperial edicts were read, officials were met, and major cases were tried. Covering an area of 240 mu, Confucius House has 463 halls, halls, buildings and rooms. Nine-way courtyard, three-way layout: East Road means East School, and there are big halls, A Mu Grace Hall, Confucius Temple and workshops. West Road is a western school, including Honghuxuan, Zhongshutang, Anhuaitang and Huatang. The main body of Confucius House is in the middle road, with three halls and six halls in front, the inner hall, the front building, the front and rear halls, the annex building and the last six rooms behind, and finally the garden. Confucius Temple is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a thinker, politician and educator in the Spring and Autumn Period in China feudal dynasty. It is located in the center of Qufu. It is a group of ancient buildings with oriental architectural characteristics, large scale and magnificent momentum. The Confucius Temple began one year after the death of Confucius (478 BC). Disciples set his "old residence hall" as a temple, "worship at the age of 20" At that time, there were only "three temples", which contained "clothes, crowns, pianos, cars and books" used by Confucius before his death. Since then, successive dynasties have continued to expand. In the first year of Yongxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 153), Emperor Huan ordered the construction of Confucius Temple and appointed Kong He as the guardian in the temple, so as to "set a monument in the temple". In the second year of Wei and Huang Dynasties (AD 22 1 year), Emperor Cao Pi wrote a letter to "build an ancient temple" in Luxian County, but the scale of the Confucius Temple was not very large at that time. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the temple was deserted. In the first year of Xinghe in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (AD 539), the Confucius Temple was rebuilt, and "ten sons were carved beside it", which was the beginning of the statue of Confucius Temple. In the early Tang Dynasty, in addition to building the "Duke of Zhou Confucius Temple" in imperial academy, the capital's highest institution of higher learning, the emperor also wrote a letter to the effect that "Confucius Temple was built in all counties". The temple was built five times in Tang Dynasty and seven times in Northern Song Dynasty. The biggest one was in the second year of Tianxi in Song Zhenzong (A.D. 10 18), when "the old system was expanded ... and the Hall 3 16 was expanded". It was repaired four times in Jin Dynasty, six times in Yuan Dynasty and 2 1 time in Ming Dynasty. The biggest one was in the 12th year of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1499), when the Confucius Temple was struck by lightning, more than 20 main buildings such as Dacheng Hall 120 were "reduced to ashes". Zhu hurriedly ordered the reconstruction, which lasted for five years and cost 152000 yuan. Confucius Temple was built 14 times in Qing Dynasty. The biggest one was in the second year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1724), when the Confucius Temple was destroyed by thunder and fire. In addition to paying homage to the ancestral temple, Zong Yinzhen also "paid the minister and other supervisors to repair it, and presented the halls, halls, utensils and objects to his relatives." In order to speed up the project progress, 12 government, state and county orders were mobilized, which took 6 years. Historically, the Confucius Temple has been overhauled 15 times, moderately repaired 3 1 time, and slightly repaired hundreds of times, and finally it has such a grand scale. Now the scale of Confucius Temple was completed in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The building imitates the palace system and is divided into nine courtyards, which run through a north-south central axis and are symmetrically arranged left and right. The whole building complex includes five halls, one pavilion, one altar and two halls 17 Pavilion 466 Pavilion, which were built in Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China. Confucius Temple covers an area of about 200 mu, with a length of 1 km from north to south. Surrounded by high walls, there are gates and watchtowers. Yellow tile red walls, carved beams and painted buildings, forest of steles, towering ancient trees. In Song Dynasty, Lv Mengzheng wrote: "Cloud walls, wide cornices, heavy doors, wide openings and unique floors. ....................................................................................................................................................... ..........................., which embodies the blood and sweat of thousands of workers in past dynasties, is the crystallization of the wisdom of our working people. Kong Lin, located in the north of Qufu, is a special cemetery for Confucius and his family, and it is also the longest-lasting and largest family cemetery in the world. Confucius died in April in the sixteenth year (479 BC) and was buried in Si, north of Lucheng. Their descendants were buried from the graves, forming today's Kong Lin. Since Zigong planted trees for Confucius Tomb, there have been more than 10,000 ancient trees in Confucius Forest. Since the Han Dynasty, rulers of past dynasties have rebuilt and added 13 times to Kong Lin, and even opened it to the present scale, with a total area of about 2 square kilometers, surrounded by 5.6 kilometers of forest walls, which are more than 3 meters high and 1 meter thick. Guo Moruo once said: "This is a very good natural museum, which is the chronicle of the Kong family. ".Kong Lin, formerly known as Shenglin, is the graveyard of Confucius and his family. After Confucius died, his disciples buried him in Surabaya in the north of Lucheng. At that time, it was still a "tomb, not a grave" (there was no high soil uplift). During the Qin and Han Dynasties, although tombs were built very high, there were few cemeteries and only a few forest guards. Later, with the improvement of Confucius' status, the scale of Kong Lin became larger and larger. Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty lived forever for three years (A.D. 157). Lu Hao repaired the tomb of Confucius Temple, built a sacred gate in front of the tomb, built a vegetarian village in the southeast, and swept several households in Wu primary school. At that time, Kong Lin was "only one hectare". It was not until the Southern and Northern Dynasties that 600 trees were planted. During Song Xuanhe's reign, stone utensils were built in front of Confucius' tomb. From the second year of Shun (A.D. 133 1), Kong specialized in forest walls and built forest gates. In the tenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1684), Kong Lin expanded to 3,000 mu. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1730), Kong Lin was overhauled, and 25,300 yuan was spent to repair all kinds of gates and workshops, and special personnel were assigned to guard them. According to statistics, since the Han Dynasty, Kong Lin has rebuilt and increased 13 times, planted trees 5 times and expanded forest land 3 times. The wall around Kong Lin is 7.25 kilometers long, more than 3 meters high and about 5 meters thick, with a total area of 2 square kilometers, which is much larger than Qufu City. As a family cemetery, Kong Lin has been buried continuously for more than 2000 years. Here, we can not only inspect the tombs in the Spring and Autumn Period, but also research the tombs in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and also study the political, economic and cultural development and the evolution of funeral customs in China. 196 1 year, the State Council was announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. "The ancient tomb is thousands of years old, and the forest is cold in May." There are more than 654.38 million trees in Kong Lin. According to legend, after the death of Confucius, "disciples planted strange trees all around, so there were many different trees, and the Lu people were unknown from generation to generation." Today, some trees in Konglin still cannot be named by people. Among them, cypress, juniper, oak, elm, locust, kai, park, maple, poplar, willow, sandalwood, privet, five flavors, cherry blossoms and other trees are intertwined and flourishing; Hundreds of plants such as wild chrysanthemum, Pinellia ternata, Bupleurum chinense, Pseudostellaria heterophylla and Ganoderma lucidum also win glory according to the times. Kong Lin is a natural botanical garden. "There is no way to see the broken monument in the deep tree." There are many stone tablets and stone tools in Konglin. In addition to a number of famous Han steles moved into the Confucius Temple, there are tombstones inscribed by famous calligraphers in Ming and Qing Dynasties such as Li Dongyang, Yan Song, Weng Fanggang, He and Kang Youwei. Therefore, Konglin can also be called a veritable forest of steles. Confucius Pastry Confucius Pastry: Confucius Pastry has a long history and its varieties are self-contained. Confucius' cakes are excellent in color, fragrance, taste and shape. External use and internal use are two categories. Outer cakes are mainly used for tribute, gift, gift and reward, and inner cakes are divided into seasonal cakes, perennial cakes, door-to-door cakes and banquet cakes. In recent years, people attach great importance to the study of Confucius' pastry, and the production of most varieties has resumed, so that Chinese and foreign tourists who come to Qufu can taste Confucius' pastry. Confucius Gourmet Tour Confucius Gourmet Tour is one of the three major components of Shandong cuisine. Among the major cuisines in China, Confucian cuisine has the longest history and the highest cultural taste. It has formed a unique set of recipes and cooking methods, and inherited the dietary principle of Confucius that "you are never tired of eating refined food, and you are never tired of eating refined food", becoming a typical official dish with unique flavor. Since 1980s, three banquets, such as birthday, happiness and family banquet, have been held one after another, attracting countless Chinese and foreign tourists every year. Kongjia wine Kongjia wine: Qufu wine industry has a long history. There are a lot of records in The Book of Songs, Zhuangzi and The Analects of Confucius. The Kongfujia wine produced by Qufu Kongfujia Group takes selected sorghum as the main raw material and follows the mixed steaming process of Laowu retort in Kongfu Distillery. It has the characteristics of colorless and transparent, rich cellar flavor, soft and sweet taste, long aftertaste and mellow sweetness, and won the gold medal of the first China Food Expo 1988. Products are not only sold all over the country, but also exported to Southeast Asia, Europe and America 16 countries and regions. Qufu fragrant rice Qufu fragrant rice: commonly known as fragrant rice. The color is white and slightly dew, the rice is sticky and tough, and the fragrance is mellow. It has the reputation of "one kitchen and ten fragrant flowers". It is also famous for paying tribute to the emperor. According to Qufu County Records, it was planted in the Shang Dynasty, and in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, "it was planted in Shanggu, and it came from Kuiquan area." Now, in Kuiquan area, fresh spring water is still spewing, and rice is everywhere. Its fragrant rice has become a favorite for tourists to buy.