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The main customs of Miao nationality
Miao nationality is an ancient nation, scattered all over the world, mainly distributed in Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Qiong and other provinces in China. In Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and other countries and regions in Southeast Asia, the main beliefs of Miao people are primitive religious forms such as nature worship, totem worship and ancestor worship. Miao society is superstitious about ghosts and gods, and witchcraft is prevalent.

Miao customs are as follows:

Diet:

In addition to fresh vegetables produced by Miao people, the most distinctive feature of Laicai is pickled hot and sour vegetables, such as sauerkraut, sour soup, hot and sour seeds, Chili sauce and so on. They are all Miao home-cooked dishes. The Miao family has always been hospitable. Guests always treat each other with wine and meat, including glutinous rice wine and corn wine, as well as pigs, cows, sheep, fish, chickens and ducks. It's not convenient to buy fish in Miaoxiang at ordinary times. In order to prevent guests from being poorly prepared when they arrive, most people will use special methods to pickle sour fish, sour meat and bacon for their guests. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, with the development of commodity economy, meat is abundant and can be bought at any time. There are few fish with pickled vegetables, and no one eats pickled vegetables. The dining table is no different from the Han nationality.

Wear:

The costumes of the Miao nationality in Huayuan are cloth handkerchiefs wrapped around their heads, flower handkerchiefs in You Ya and green handkerchiefs in other areas. Handkerchiefs are 1-3 meters long and wear multi-layer herringbone. Wear a double-breasted dress with long and small sleeves, short and big trousers and blue feet. Most of the materials are self-woven "home clothes", and plaid clothes are the most distinctive. Miao women's costumes are more complicated, and their headdresses are similar in color to men's, but they are mostly stacked together, extending from the forehead to the back of the head, flat and round, like the bun of ancient officials and women. Women in You Ya like to wrap flowers and towers, but the wrapping methods are different, such as goose crown and autumn chrysanthemum. Women's clothes are all breast enhancement, with large and long waists, large and short sleeves and no collar. Pants are short and big, with aprons at the waist, piping, embroidery or knitting on the chest, cuffs, aprons and trouser legs, and railings in the middle, which are colorful and dazzling.

In summer, young men and women like to wear wool hats and Ma Xie. Jewelry is the favorite of Miao women, with a wide variety and beautiful shape. It can be divided into gold ornaments, silver ornaments, threatening ornaments and jade ornaments, with silver ornaments being the most common. Silver ornaments include silver hat, silver basin, rockhopper, earrings, collars, bracelets, rings, dentists, buckles, silver flowers, silver medals and shawls, and common ones include earrings, collars, bracelets and rings. All kinds of silver ornaments have different shapes, such as rims, flat rings and disk diagrams. Earrings include melon seed earrings, pomegranate earrings, plum blossom pin earrings, circle earrings, faucet earrings, Baba earrings and so on. Miao women should wear silver ornaments whether they are married, visiting relatives and friends, being guests, going to the market or having festivals. After liberation, Miao costumes gradually changed. Now, except for Jiwei, Buzuo, Yaxi, Paibi, Paifang and Dongmaku, most of them wear Miao costumes, and the clothes of young men and women in other towns are no different from those of Han nationality.

Festivals:

Festivals, in addition to Han festivals, Miao people also have the following festivals.

1. On the third day of March, young men and women fell in love with songs.

2. Eat black rice on the eighth day of April to commemorate Yang Zaisi. There is also a legend that my sister's black rice should be cooked with leaves, and the girl should be taken back to her family to eat black rice in advance; In the vicinity, you don't have to go back to your parents' home, but you have to send it to your parents' home. This custom is limited to people surnamed Yang.

3. On the sixth day of June, worship the land god, hang paper and burn incense on the mountain. General genealogy once.

4. After the "off-year" on the second day of October, you should kill mice to eat.

Marriage: generally, one month before marriage, or as long as half a year, you start to cry and get married. Let the elders send gifts one by one, which has changed a lot. A man and a woman get married, and the woman and others come to the man's house for three days and three nights. During these three days, the bride can only sleep with her mother, but not with the groom. Three days later, the bride and maid of honor went back to their parents' home and lived together for two, three and five years. Men need help farming, so they live with women. After the woman is pregnant, she can take the bride to live with the man's parents.

Funeral: When the old man dies, he should be carried to nave and sit in the middle, equipped with a bucket (container) and a cold sieve, and sit on the bucket with his foot on the cold sieve to die. To wash the corpse, the master carries water from the well, and adds peach leaves and calamus leaves to boil warm water to wash the corpse. The washed water (poured into the toilet) is given to future generations to taste three points, that is, there is no need to worry about eating words. It's called "clothing, rice and water", and the dead person has a white thread wrapped around him, one every year. The teeth you usually lose should be kept and put in the coffin when you die. It is forbidden to burn hair after death. The entrance to the coffin contains silver, and the main points of tea and rice in Feishan Temple.