1. The first day after delivery
Environmental conditions:
(1) temperature, just born in the hospital, the temperature has been adjusted, pay attention to control the temperature at 25-26C after returning home, and don't go up and down suddenly. At the same time, don't gather too many people at home and keep the air circulation clean.
Newborns:
① Take milk, the mammary duct is not completely unobstructed, and the colostrum is sticky. Let the baby suck milk for at least 15~20 minutes, and then suck the other side after sucking. Suck the milk first, the milk is not enough, and then feed some milk powder little by little. Colostrum is very nutritious. Although it looks yellow, it is rich in nutrients and trace elements, which can improve immunity. Don't squeeze out.
Newborns should be fed in time to avoid insufficient intake and lead to insufficient calories. Newborns should not wear too much clothes, and the neck temperature should not be too cold or too hot. Hands and feet belong to nerve endings, with slow circulation and sometimes cold hands and feet.
2 jaundice, jaundice will not appear normally within 24 hours. If jaundice occurs, mostly pathological jaundice, you should contact your doctor in time.
(3) Diapers, diapers should be changed frequently. After each defecation, wash the buttocks and perineum with warm water, and then dry them with cotton towels. Apply hip cream locally to prevent red buttocks. Do not use diapers for more than three hours, and replace them in time.
Maternity:
① Diet: divided into natural delivery and planned delivery.
Natural delivery: the first meal can be started after a short rest, mainly with digestible liquid food and semi-liquid food, such as brown sugar water, lotus root starch, millet porridge, egg soup and so on. The second meal can eat ordinary food, such as fresh vegetables, egg noodles and so on. At this time, attention should be paid to removing the oil slick from the soup. At this time, in order to avoid excessive fat intake and prevent milk blockage.
Planned uterine delivery: water is forbidden for 6 hours after operation, and after 6 hours, you can drink a little water to stimulate intestinal peristalsis, taking intestinal exhaust as a sign of eating. You can eat liquid food on the first day after surgery, soft and glutinous semi-liquid food, such as minced meat and egg soup, on the second day after surgery, and ordinary diet on the third day. Pay attention to supplement protein, which is beneficial to the recovery of the wound. At the same time, we must remember to avoid eating milk, soybean milk, foods containing a lot of sucrose and so on. These are easy to cause flatulence.
Lochiorrhea is endless:
Observe the amount of lochia. Lochiorrhea is mainly divided into three stages:
I: Blood group lochia mainly occurs on 1-4 days, showing bright red, with a relatively large amount, similar to the usual menstrual flow, and sometimes there are blood clots.
II: serous lochia: it appears within 5- 10 days and contains a small amount of blood and secretions, so it is reddish.
III: white lochia, which appears after 10, and is white and yellowish, with more leucorrhea than usual.
The next day:
Newborns:
(1) Jaundice: 2-3 days after birth, jaundice appears in skin, white eyeball and oral mucosa, from light to heavy, and it is generally obvious in face and chest. The palms and soles of the feet are not yellow, the urine color is normal, the baby can eat, and the spirit is good. There is nothing abnormal and normal. Usually 4-6 days is the heaviest. Full-term babies will subside on their own after 7- 10 days, and premature babies can be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
If jaundice appears early, it will get worse soon and will not subside after 2 weeks. The stool is grayish white, which may be pathological jaundice.
② Spilling milk: The capacity of the newborn's stomach is extremely small, the muscles of the stomach are very weak, the adjustment ability of gastric nerves is still very weak, the sphincter of stomach and cardia is relaxed, and the pylorus is constricted. In addition, the stomach is installed horizontally, and the milk is easy to reflux, resulting in milk overflow.
After each feeding, hold the baby upright, pat it open, burp and hold it horizontally for a while to prevent it from overflowing again. The baby is too young to hold vertically for a long time.
③ Umbilical cord: The umbilical cord of the newborn usually falls off within 3-7 days, so it should be disinfected to prevent the growth of bacteria.
Maternity:
1 diet, eat more soup food, avoid cold food, and pay attention to avoid excessive fat intake. Postpartum constitution is poor, so it is not suitable for rapid tonic, nor for drinking prolactin soup.
② Activity: Get out of bed and walk around, and don't do strenuous exercise. You can get out of bed 24 hours after delivery. The time to get out of bed for the first time is short, and the activity time is gradually increased. When getting out of bed during labor, tie the abdominal belt outside the clothes to prevent the internal organs from sagging; When planing the uterus, the abdominal belt is inside.
the third day
Maternity:
① Breastfeeding. The third day is the physiological lactation period, which generally lasts for 3-5 days. So the diet is mainly light. Let the baby suck more milk during lactation, and don't feed milk powder after milk, so as to avoid worse breastfeeding.
Life after discharge:
The first week:
Maternity: promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and restoring vitality.
1 diet: soft and delicious, easy to digest and nutritious. For example: peanut and red date millet porridge, laver and egg soup, kelp sparerib soup, egg white soup noodles, pickled pepper slices, fresh meat wonton and crucian bean curd soup. Eating protein's rich food is good for your health.
You can eat sesame oil and pork liver, which helps to drain lochia.
Postpartum blood sugar is high, eat more coarse grains, such as oats, buckwheat and brown rice. Fruit is usually low in sugar. Apples, peaches, grapes and kiwis are all ok. Insist on eating less and more meals.
You should avoid eating too much fat during the whole month. You can eat some, but not too much, to prevent milk blockage. In some places, feeding a chicken a day, or feeding big fish and meat, is easy to block milk.
If you have no appetite in the month, you can eat some fruit to appetize or drink some light soup.
Newborns:
① Eczema: Eczema of newborn, mainly distributed on the face, eyebrows, under the neck and behind the ears, with a small spotted rash. If you wear too much and the temperature is too high, eczema is prone to occur. Generally, no treatment is needed. If the temperature is right, you can go down. If you don't insist for a long time, you should seek medical advice in time. Maternal diet should avoid fish and shrimp and spicy food, and eat more soy products, dairy products and light food.
The second week:
Maternity:
1 diet; Similar to last week's precautions, it is still necessary to avoid too greasy food, the oil slick in the soup can be skimmed, and the variety is more diverse than last week.
Recipes: sliced pork with rape and fungus, soup with waist and fungus, miscellaneous grains rice, chicken soup with mushrooms, lotus root and sparerib soup, etc.
Exercise: Exercise more, but avoid strenuous exercise.
Newborns:
① Lacrimal duct: A newborn born two weeks ago, the lacrimal duct is not fully developed, so it will not shed tears when crying. If the newborn shed tears within 2 weeks, it may be congenital lacrimal duct obstruction, so it should be treated in time.
② Ophthalmitis: Symptoms usually appear 2 weeks after birth, manifested as red eye, excessive secretion and inability to open eyes.
If the infected bacterium is Neisseria gonorrhoeae, it usually develops 2-3 days after birth and develops rapidly.
If the inclusion body is infected, it usually occurs 7 days after birth, showing eye edema and more gums.
If the above symptoms appear, they should be sent to the hospital for treatment in time.
Third week
Maternal women can start eating foods that promote emulsions. At this time, the baby's stomach capacity increases and the absorption of milk increases. If the baby grows normally and is quiet after feeding, it means that the milk quantity can meet the baby's needs.
Many foods in lactation are soup, and people in some areas only pay attention to drinking soup, which is unscientific. The soup has little nutrition and high purine content. Ingestion can't be effective, and the root cause leads to the ending.
Recipe: Lycium barbarum black-bone chicken soup, tremella soup, soybean trotters, red dates and millet porridge.
Fourth week
Pay attention to replenishing blood and eat more visceral foods, such as liver and kidney.
Recipe: pork belly lotus seed soup, fried kidney flower, egg soup, hen soup (hen has more estrogen and inhibits prolactin, so it is eaten late), wolfberry beef, brown rice, millet porridge and tomato brisket.
Postpartum dietary taboos:
1. Chicken soup: It is not advisable to drink chicken soup in the early postpartum period, which is easy to inhibit the secretion of prolactin.
2. It is not advisable to drink brown sugar water too early.
3. Don't eat chocolate: Chocolate contains a lot of theobromine, which is easy to damage the baby's nervous system and may also lead to indigestion and unstable sleep.
4. postpartum eggs should be appropriate, and a large number of eggs may lead to the burden on the digestive system.
5. Don't avoid salt: electrolyte imbalance may occur after delivery. Supplementing salt in time is beneficial to maintaining electrolyte balance, but it is not advisable to consume too much salt, which will lead to compression of kidney organs and increase blood pressure.
6. Not suitable for drinking tea: Tannic acid in tea will affect the absorption of iron, which may lead to iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and inhibit mammary gland secretion. Similarly, coffee as a refreshing drink will affect the baby's nervous system and make the baby excited and crying.
7. Taboo wine. Some places will cook with wine. Note that alcohol will enter the baby with the wet nurse, which will also have an impact on the baby's nerves.