First, the characteristics of colored glass
Painted glass is a kind of high-grade glass that is directly inked with special pigments or sprayed with various patterns and colors. It can be used for decorative reproduction of landscapes, landscapes, coastal jungle paintings, etc. in doors and halls, and cut the vitality and vitality of nature indoors. According to the needs of indoor chromaticity, the choice of stained glass can integrate painting, color and lighting. For example, the bedroom background wall is made of transparent glass, with a simple style of painted glass murals, which is transparent and smart as a whole, making the dream crystal clear as a crystal castle.
technical characteristics
1. No oven, less investment, high energy saving, time and labor saving, fast production speed.
2. No fabric, no fabric pattern, ever-changing patterns, free design and rich personalization.
3. You don't need to hire people, you just need to be educated, and you can produce at any time and anywhere.
Second, explain the production process of colored glass in detail.
Step one? Sketch (of a painting)
First, prepare a color painting, preferably with watercolor or ink, to make the painting closer to the artistic effect of glass. The fineness of painting design depends on the artist's personal style or the requirements of customers.
Step two? Enlarge sketch
After the color map is completed, enlarging the sketch is the second step of production, and the enlarged sketch must be completely consistent with the actual production size, which is completed by the designer himself. All dimensions and details of the product must be shown in detail in the enlarged sketch, and the dimensions must be checked on site. After dividing the enlarged design draft, cut the template on transparent paper. The shape of cutting pattern is the basis of cutting glass in the future.
Step three? Mosaic for determining the position of lead bars
After the enlarged manuscript is completed, the next step is to draw a mosaic manuscript, which involves drawing lead lines on the enlarged manuscript. These lines will determine how many small pieces the picture is divided into and what shape the glass of these small pieces will be.
When we confirmed all the cutting lines on the enlarged manuscript, we traced all the patterns on the transparent paper with a black ink pen, and cut the transparent paper piece by piece along the black line with double-sided scissors. Then mark the number and color system. The ideal line is 2mm wide, which is the same as the wall thickness of lead tape. In the future, the glass should be selected according to the number, and the thickness of lead used should be marked on the enlarged draft.
Step four? Select glass
If you choose the wrong mechanism and color glass, it will not reflect your design intention and the effect you want to achieve. Therefore, artists must go all out and choose glass very fastidiously.
In the early middle ages. Glass artists make glass in their own studios, but today we can find brands made by various glass factories (80cm*65cm? A piece of stained glass). In order to choose glass, we fix the enlarged drawing on the wall, fill in the color, and then compare the color and mechanism with a small piece of glass template in the sun to choose the most suitable glass. For a stained glass work, choosing glass is very important, and artists will spend a lot of time on it.
Step five? cut glass
When we choose glass, we need to cut and shape the glass and cut it according to the cut transparent paper. Must be accurately cut, but also consider saving materials.
Step six? roast
In the whole painting, some parts need to be hand-painted, such as face, hands and other hand-painted parts need to be put into the kiln to bake the stained glass many times, so we put them into the furnace to bake. When baking for the first time, the black glass toner is mixed with resin, vinegar or water to outline the outline and increase the adhesion. Then put it into the furnace to bake to about 620℃, and take it out after natural cooling (as shown in Figure 6).
Second baking
After the contour line is fired, it is painted with background color and leveled with a special brush to make the color very uniform on the glass. Then put it into the oven for baking, adjust the temperature according to the glass of different materials, and take it out after natural cooling.
Third baking
The upper layer is dark, including light brown, dark brown, grayish black and dark red. On the basis of the second firing, paint evenly and brush the glass very quickly, from shallow to deep according to the needs of the picture. Brush the floor to make the color layered, and then wait for 15 minutes or so, and the color will dry. Gently scrape off the bright paint on the picture with a small scraper or pen. Baked in the oven, a bit like printmaking.
The fourth baking
After three times of baking, the outline, background color and dark picture have basically taken shape, and then the middle layer is described, that is, the details are described. After repeated baking at 620℃, the layers of stained glass will become richer and brighter.
Step seven? Flower glass
After baking the glass, we spliced the glass fragments with lead bars. There are many kinds of lead bars: flat, round, U-shaped and I-shaped, with different thickness and different hardness, which can be used according to different needs. Why do you choose to use lead bars? Because lead is cheaper, it can withstand the erosion of wind and rain outdoors and will not rust for a long time. It can be bent into various complicated glass shapes. All connection points shall be welded with ferrochrome and fuse, and the welding spots are natural and moderate in size. After welding one side, carefully turn the whole piece over and weld the other side. The tools used are pliers, straightedge, steel nail, lead knife, lead straightener, etc. In the process of mosaic, we should strictly follow the enlarged manuscript, be patient and meticulous, and finally reach the correct size required by the glass.
Embedding putty
The whole piece of glass is inlaid. After welding. The next step is to embed putty. Dilute putty with tung oil and embed it in the gap between lead bar and glass to make it firm. And strengthen the heavy feeling of lead bars. Deepen the color. Let the glass and lead mix together.
Step nine? Strengthened mosaic glass skeleton
After glass splicing is completed, its firmness and wind resistance must be considered before installation. Therefore, iron wires are welded at some points so that they can be tied together with the iron bars on the window frames in the future. This step needs to consider its point arrangement when making an enlarged draft.
Step ten? fixed
Installation types are diverse and complex, including zenith, light box, window, screen, door, curtain wall and so on. Some of them are installed on wooden frames and iron frames.
We can adopt different methods and steps according to different environments, places and materials. I won't go into details here.
The previous small series not only introduced the ten-step stained glass production process, but also introduced the characteristics of stained glass. I believe everyone has a deeper understanding of stained glass now. What is introduced here is mainly colored glass made by modern digital technology, rather than traditional hand-made colored glass. Here, the content of making colored glass is introduced first. Want to know more, please continue to pay attention to Tuba rabbit decoration!