The women's clothing of the Dai people in the mainland is basically the same as that of the frontier, but it has regional characteristics, so it is often called "Huayao Dai" and "Dai Xiu Dai" by other ethnic groups. For example, Dai women in Xinping, Yuxi City wear tubular skirts and have a special flower belt more than a foot long, hence the name "Huayao Dai". Their clothes are mainly in black and red tones. Tight short dresses extend to the upper waist. The neckline is made of fine silver bubbles, showing a diamond pattern that is staggered up and down. There are five or six meters of embroidered belts at the waist, and the peaked "Jifir" hat with upturned brim.
The unique headdress and costumes of Huayao Dai are very similar to the figures on Yunnan bronzes unearthed from Shizhai Mountain in Jinning and Lijiashan in Jiangchuan. There are common characteristics of vertebral bun, short waist and tube skirt, which proves that they come down in one continuous line [1].
male
Dai men wear collarless double-breasted or large-breasted small sleeve jackets, long-sleeved trousers, blankets when it is cold, and white or green cloth on their heads. The custom of male tattoos is very common, which not only shows courage, but also can ward off evil spirits, protect the body and decorate the body.
Daimen
Boys will be asked to get tattoos when they are about 1 1 years old. Tattoos are mostly tigers, leopards, lions, dragons, snakes and eagles. Most parts are limbs, chest, abdomen and back. Generally, it takes two days to write a leg and seven to eight days to write a whole body.
prescribe a diet
The Dai people's staple food is rice. Dehong area eats japonica rice, Xishuangbanna and other places like to eat glutinous rice, which is usually eaten immediately. Dai's famous fragrant bamboo tube rice, also called bamboo tube rice, is made by putting glutinous rice in a fragrant bamboo tube, soaking it in water for 15 minutes and baking it with fire. Beat the bamboo tube to soften it when eating, and the bamboo film on the inner wall of the bamboo tube will stick to the rice. Cut it in half with a knife, and the fragrant bamboo rice will come out, with rich aroma and soft and delicate rice. There is also a unique pineapple purple rice, which is sweet and delicious and has the effect of nourishing blood and moistening the lungs. Migrant workers often eat outdoors. They can eat a glutinous rice balls made of bananas and Ye Sheng, as well as salt, peppers, sour meat, roast chicken, glutinous rice and moss pine. Meat includes pigs, cows, chickens and ducks. They don't eat or eat less mutton. They are good at roast chicken and roast chicken, and like to eat fish, shrimp, crab, snails, moss and other aquatic products. The vegetables we often eat are cabbage, radish, bamboo shoots and beans.
Dai people also eat insects. There are many kinds of insects in the hot and humid areas of Dai nationality. Insects that are often eaten are cicadas, bamboo worms, Okubo, soft-shelled turtles and ant eggs. Catching cicadas is in the evening of summer. The cicada community is in the grass, and the cicada wings are soaked by dew and can't fly. So the women quickly collect cicadas in bamboo rafts and bake them in a pot to make sauce. Cicada sauce has the medicinal functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving pain and swelling. Bamboo is abundant in Dai areas, and there are also many bamboo worms. People found bamboo eaten by bamboo insects in the bamboo forest, cut it along the upper section, and bamboo pupae were among them. After a long time, a bamboo joint can get a small bowl. Chop bamboo worm pupa, add fried rice flour and seasoning, dip lettuce, or cook in water for a while, pick it up and fry it in oil, or fry it with eggs, which is crispy and delicious. Dai people also eat ant eggs, which are produced by rhubarb ants growing on trees. Ant eggs are mainly cold. Wash them and cook them in boiling water, then add garlic, salt, vinegar and other seasonings, and add your favorite vegetables to eat.
Dai family banquet
Eating with moss is a unique flavor dish of Dai people. The moss eaten by Dai people is moss on rocks in Chunjiang River, preferably dark green. After fishing, tear it into thin slices to dry, and put it on with a bamboo stick for later use. When cooking, the thick ones are fried and the thin ones are roasted with fire. Crushed into a bowl after crispy, then poured in boiling oil, then stirred with salt, and dipped in glutinous rice balls or bacon, which was extremely delicious.
Dai people have the custom of eating flowers. There are more than 30 kinds of wild flowers commonly eaten, such as Panzhihua, Li Tang, Rhododendron, Huangfanhua, Beet Flower, Banana Flower, Bitter Cauliflower Flower, Erythrina Flower, Plantago Flower, Solanum, Bitter Thorn Flower, Pentium Flower and a kind of flower called "Mo Xie" in Dai language.
Garlic moss tree
Raw, fresh, sour, spicy and wild are the characteristics of Dai cuisine. Dai people believe that eating sour heart makes eyes bright, helps digestion and relieves summer heat; Eating sweet food can increase calories, relieve fatigue and prevent hepatitis; Eating spicy food can stimulate appetite, increase appetite, enhance body resistance and prevent colds; Eat raw, the food is delicious. In Dai flavor, acid is the most delicious, and all dishes and snacks are mainly acid, such as sour bamboo shoots, sour pea powder, sour meat, wild sour fruit and so on. The most common food is sour bamboo shoots. Shred fresh bamboo shoots, soak them in clear water, then take them out and put them in a jar for pressing and sealing, and leave them for half a month to turn sour. Any Dai family has several hundred catties of sour bamboo shoots, and they can't live without it for a day. Dai spices are very unique, such as Pu Cai and Mi Nan.
Wine is loved by the Dai people, generally brewed by itself, with low degree and sweet taste. Tea is a local specialty, but Dai people only drink big leaf tea without spices. When drinking, stir-fry slightly on the fire until burnt, and drink slightly after brewing. The habit of chewing betel nut is also very common. Chewing betel nut should be mixed with tobacco and lime all day [1].
build
Gan Lan architecture is the characteristic of Dai folk houses. Dai bamboo houses in Xishuangbanna and Dehong Ruili have unique styles. The building is nearly square, with two floors. People live on the upper floor, about 7 feet from the ground, and there is no wall on the lower floor, which is used for raising livestock and stacking things. The top is double oblique and covered with woven "grass rafts". Climb the stairs, there is a corridor, there is a drying platform, you can dry things, you can also enjoy the cool. Dai people in most areas of Dehong live in bungalows, with bamboo as the wall or adobe as the wall, covered with thatch and mostly quadrangles. The Dai bamboo building in Yishan, Chuxiong, has a wide and gentle roof. Its main functions are ventilation, sun protection and cooling, followed by rain protection. Houses are overhead and people live upstairs, which can avoid the hot summer heat and humidity on the ground and prevent insects from invading; The beams and columns are connected inside and outside, which is seamless and very strong, which can prevent the worry of earthquake; There are only a few pillars downstairs. If the river overflows, the bamboo building is safe under normal circumstances. In Yishan Dai area, bamboo houses are built in every household, most of which are the main residence of Dai people.