Therefore, diabetic patients should pay more attention to their own health during the period of controlling blood sugar, and timely prevention and treatment is of great significance to delay diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common complications of diabetes. Microalbuminuria is the main manifestation in the early stage, proteinuria is the main manifestation in the late stage, and renal insufficiency, renal hypertension and even anemia can also occur.
With the development of diabetic nephropathy, at the stage ⅴ, that is, uremia, insulin is needed to control blood sugar, and hemodialysis treatment should be carried out regularly.
Therefore, people with diabetes should pay attention not to neglect the protection of kidneys, especially sugar friends who already have kidney diseases. They should also monitor blood sugar on time, control blood sugar according to doctor's advice and check it regularly.
2, foam urine
3, edema
4. Urine protein
5, dizziness and anemia
6. Loss of appetite and nausea
First, the low-quality protein diet.
The daily intake of protein is required to be 0.8g/kg of body weight during the proteinuria period, and protein is mainly made of animal protein, avoiding the intake of plant proteins such as beans.
In other words, friends with diabetic nephropathy can eat less foods rich in protein, such as bean products, and can eat meat, fish, eggs, milk and other foods to supplement the food nutrition in protein.
Second, adjust the intake of protein according to the illness.
Pay attention to the food intake in protein. If the glomerular filtration rate decreases, the intake of protein can be further controlled to 0.6-0.8g per kg body weight per day, and compound α -keto acid preparation can be added to obtain sufficient nutrition.
For dialysis patients, dialysis takes away a lot of vitamins and protein, so in this dialysis situation, protein's excellent, high-calorie and vitamin-rich diet is needed.
Third, foods supplemented with vitamins.
For patients with proteinuria, attention should be paid to the intake of vitamins and minerals. Because the loss of protein can take away some vitamins and minerals, it is necessary to supplement rich vitamins and eat more cereals, fruits and vegetables.
For renal insufficiency, attention should be paid to calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and a diet with high calcium and low phosphorus should be required to prevent hyperkalemia caused by calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder. Patients with oliguria and hyperedema should pay attention to drinking water.
Four, in the appropriate range, eat less salt
Salt intake should be controlled within 4g for people without edema and 2-3g for sugar lovers with edema and hypertension.
For friends with severe edema, the intake of salt should be lower, mainly to control the intake of sodium, and some processed meat products, pickled foods and instant noodles should also be controlled.
Five, recommend several foods suitable for patients with diabetic nephropathy.
bitter gourd
Bitter gourd tastes bitter and cold. It is also a very good choice for friends with diabetic nephropathy to eat more bitter gourd. Momordica charantia L. is rich in momordica charantia L., which can help you eliminate toxins from the body and help control blood sugar and blood pressure.
cucumber
Cucumber is rich in water, low in calories and contains a variety of vitamins and mineral elements. Suitable for friends with diabetic nephropathy, you can rest assured to eat. Cucumber can be used as a vegetable and fried with lean meat, and cucumber can be used as a daily fruit.
Spiral substance
The content of various nutrients in water spinach is many times higher than that in other vegetables. For example, vitamin A, vitamin B2 and vitamin C are abundant. Its rich cellulose and plant compounds are good for diabetics, so people who love sugar can eat more.
Because the course of nephropathy is often hidden, there are usually no special symptoms in the early stage.
Once discovered, many patients have entered the stage of renal failure and uremia, and serious cases threaten the lives of patients, hence the name "silent killer".
Sugar friends should insist on regular physical examination to eliminate hidden dangers of kidney diseases and prevent the occurrence of kidney diseases.