Wu Zetian is the only female emperor. Like Britain's Elizabeth II and Russia's Catherine II, Wu Zetian was the world-famous object of attention and blame in the Middle Ages with male chauvinism as the core. On the one hand, it was praised by historians and later generations, on the other hand, it was portrayed as an arbitrary, lascivious and autocratic ruler who ignored the traditional order. Wu Zetian, a woman who made constant suspense in the largest country in the east of the world before her death, left many eternal mysteries to this land after her death. For modern people, the name of "Wu Zetian" is a mystery. Can you believe it? Maybe you will ask: Isn't Wu Zetian called Wu Zetian? In fact, Wu Zetian never called her like this when she was alive, and no one else called her like this. Even in the long history after her death, no one called her that. Because, although Wu Zetian was a celebrity, the status of women in the old society was very low, but the status of women in the Tang Dynasty was high enough. Perhaps not many people know the real names of Princess Pingyang, Princess Taiping, Princess Anle and Princess Shengping. So, what is Wu Zetian's real name? Wu Zetian's surname is Wu, and everyone will have no objection. Wu Zetian's native place is Wenshui County (now Wenshui County, Liu Hulan's hometown), and her birthplace is Chang 'an. The Wu family has been an official family for generations. In her father Wu Shihuo's generation, she used to sell tofu in the village, but later she became a successful person by running the timber business in the Tang Dynasty. Some people say that because she is the second child of her mother Yang Sheng, her sister calls her "Da Nan" and she calls her "Er Nan". There is also folklore that Wu Zetian's maiden name is "ancient painting". When she officially ascended the throne, Wu Zetian had a word "Hua" in her name. According to historical records, Huarong County, Hunan Province was renamed Rong County in the Tang Dynasty, just to avoid the queen's anonymity. Later, with the change of status, she also had different titles in different periods: just after entering the palace, Wu was named a gifted scholar by Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and was also named "Wu Mei". Known as Wu Meiniang or Wu Cairen. After the death of Emperor Taizong, Wu Zetian became a nun in Ganye Temple, and there was a law called "Kongming" (the later word "Qi" may have originated from this! )。 Five years later, she was recruited into the palace by the emperor Li Zhao, and was named tachileik. In 655, Wu took the place of the queen and ascended the queen's throne. He was honored as the queen of heaven and was called "double saint". After the death of Tang Gaozong, Wu Tianhou successively abolished Li Xian and Li Dan, and proclaimed himself emperor in Zetianmen in 690 AD, changing the title of Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty. Became the first and only female emperor in the history of China. Before Wu Tianhou ascended the throne, she specially instructed her cronies to present auspicious names, among which the first of the new words 12 presented by her nephew and assistant minister Zong was particularly favored by her, that is, "Qi". This newly created Chinese character has a special structure, which can remind us that the sun and the moon are in the sky and illuminate everything, so it makes Wu Tianhou have a special liking. From then on, Wu Tianhou changed his name to "Wu Zhao". The name "Wu Zhao" is the name that she should pass on to future generations. However, because she caused the "Five Continents Revolution", many people in later generations hated her, no one used the new words she created, and no one recognized her name. In the long history, people simply called her "Wuhou". After Wu proclaimed himself emperor, he added a series of auspicious titles full of mystery: Virgin Jade Emperor, Holy Spirit Emperor, Golden Wheel Emperor, Ancient Golden Wheel Emperor, Heavenly Book Great Holy Spirit Emperor and so on. So how did the name "Zetian" come from? It turned out that in the first year of Shenlong (705), Wu Zetian was seriously ill and the "Great Zhou Revolution" ended. His son, Zhongzong, was reset and gave her a respectful name "Zetian Sheng Di". When Wu Shi died, she said that the Great Sage Queen Mother went to the emperor. Is a great queen. " This is the earliest term for "Zetian" and the origin of "Zetian". The direct origin of the word "Zetian" is because Wudang announced the change of Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty in Zetianmen. So, what does "Zetian" mean? The Analects of Confucius says, "Heaven is the greatest, but Yao is the greatest." It means: take heaven as the law-this is really atmospheric! In the ninth year of the Tang Dynasty, in 72 1 year, the writer Jason Wu began to use the word "Zetian" to address this special woman who had been a queen, empress dowager and emperor. However, this title has not been inherited by later historians. Wu Zetian is still called the queen, empress dowager or queen of heaven in official history such as New Tang Shu, Old Tang Shu and Zi Tongzhi Jian. As for the word "Wu Zetian", it became popular and accepted by everyone after a relatively objective and fair evaluation of her in modern times. 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