Mingguang Palace, Changle Palace, Weiyang Palace, Gui Palace, Gong Bei and Zhang Jian Palace.
Refer to People's Education Edition China Ancient History and Elect Quan Yi Books-Plan of Chang 'an City in Western Han Dynasty
In the Western Han Dynasty, Changle Palace and Weiyang Palace were the earliest palace buildings. Changle Palace was built during the struggle between Chu and Han. Weiyang Palace was built in the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu (200 BC) and was presided over by Xiao He. Weiyang Palace is dominated by the front hall, with east and west wings for handling government affairs. Changle Palace is a residence dedicated to the Empress Dowager. Located in the northeast corner of Chang 'an City, it is connected to Mingguang Hall in the north. About10000m around Miyagi. There are four groups of palaces: Changxin Palace, Changqiu Palace, Yongning Palace and Yongshou Palace. In the second year of Liang Wudi (BC 103), Zhang Palace was built in the southwest of Chang 'an, which was a garden-style detached palace. Among them, there is a phoenix pavilion, bronze tiles on the ridge, a dry building and a shrine with a dew tray for the gods.
The layout of Chang 'an can be summarized as five palaces, twelve gates, eight streets, nine lanes, nine cities and one hundred and sixty miles.
1. Five palaces: Changle Palace, Weiyang Palace, Guigong Palace, Gong Bei and Mingguang Palace.
Changle Palace is located in the southeast, and its wall is about 2000 meters long from east to west and 2400 meters long from north to south. Lv Hou once lived here and later became the residence of Empress Dowager Cixi. Weiyang Palace is located on the west side of Changle Palace, in the southwest corner of the city, with a length of 2,300 meters from east to west and 2,000 meters from north to south. The emperor lives here, which is the place for meetings and deployment of the government. Located in the north of Weiyang Palace, Guigong is 880 meters long from east to west and about 60 meters long from north to south.
Ganquangong
Ganquan Palace is an important activity place for Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty after Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an. It is not only a summer resort for the ruling class, but also a place where many important political activities are arranged. Ganquan Mountain, located about 25 kilometers north of Chunhua County, is out of Ganquan.
The Minutes of Reading Historical Records of the Ming Dynasty quoted a cloud from the Extended Records: "There is a palace in Ganquan Mountain, and the Imperial Palace built by Qin Shihuang is more than ten miles in circumference. In the second year of Han Yuanfeng, he even made Ganquan Palace next to the Imperial Palace. "
The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and Chang 'an Palace was magnificent. In the north of Daming Palace, there is a Yutai Pool, where Penglai Mountain stands alone, and there are more than 400 cloisters around the pool. Xingqing Palace is centered on Longchi and there are many courtyards around it. The three courtyards in ouchi are the most beautiful. There are rockeries, lakes, swamps and canals in the garden. There are Furong Garden and Qujiang Pool in the southeast corner of Chang 'an City, which are open to the outside world in a certain period of time. It's actually ancient. Huaqing Palace at the foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong County is a winter palace to avoid the cold. Daming Palace site is located in Longshouyuan, northeast of Xi City, Shaanxi Province. In the eighth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (634), Emperor Taizong Li Shimin built Yong 'an Palace in the forbidden garden in the northeast corner of Chang 'an Miyagi, and renamed it Daming Palace the following year. In the second year of Longshuo (662), Emperor Li Zhi of Gaozong expanded and renamed Penglai Palace. Later, it became the main place where the Tang emperor lived and listened to politics in Chang 'an. The end of the Tang Dynasty was destroyed by war. 196 1 year, and its site was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Daming Palace stands on the dragon's head, opposite to Zhong Nanshan, overlooking Chang 'an, with a grand scale and imposing momentum. The plane of Miyagi is an irregular rectangle, wide in the south and narrow in the north. The north wall is 165438. The south wall (that is, a section of the north wall of Chang 'an) is1674m long, while the west wall is perpendicular to the north and south walls, with a length of 2,256m, and the east wall is zigzag and inclined. Miyagi has three parallel east-west walls. All the palace walls are rammed earth walls, and only at the junction with the city gate and the corner of the city wall are bricked into inner and outer sides. The city base is more than 0/3 meters wide and 65438+ meters deep. The bottom width of the city wall 10 meter. Outside the east, north and west walls in the north of Miyagi, there are parallel walls. Jiacheng on the east and west sides is 55 meters away from Miyagi, and North Jiacheng is 0/60 meters away from Miyagi/KLOC. Fengdan Gate in the center of the south wall of Gongcheng is the main entrance, Yan Gate and Wang Xianmen in the east, and Fu Jian Gate and Xing 'an Gate in the west. There is the right Yintai Gate in the middle of the western wall and the Jiuxian Gate in the north. There is a left inkpad door on the east wall; In the middle of the north wall is Xuanwu Gate, in the east is Han Yin Gate, and in the west is Xiaoqing Gate. Xuanwu Gate is just north of the Great Wall, and there is a heavy Xuanmen. The area around the north gate was the residence of the imperial army of the northern government at that time, which was related to the safety of the court. So three gates were set up within a distance of less than 200 meters (including the heavy gate in Xuanwu Gate), and the base address of the gates still exists. According to records, Daming Palace is divided into two parts: the outer dynasty and the inner dynasty. The outer court followed closely. Along the north-south axis, there are the Han and Yuan halls of the Great Dynasty, the Zheng Xuan Hall of the Japanese Dynasty and the Chen Zi Hall of the Long Dynasty. There are several attic platforms on the east and west sides of the three halls. There are also some government offices in foreign countries, such as Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province, Hong Wen Pavilion and History Museum. The etheric pool in the inner courtyard is the center. Penglai Mountain is built by the pool, and a winding corridor is set around the pool. There are halls and pavilions around the hall. The sleeping hall is located in the south of the pool. This is the place where the emperor and queen live and rest. The specific location of each hall needs further archaeological excavation to determine. The Hall of Han and Yuan Dynasties is the first palace on the central axis of Daming Palace, where important ceremonies are held. The Temple of Han and Yuan Dynasties used the Dragon Head Highland as its base. Now the remaining ruins are more than 10 meters higher than the south terrace. The east, north and west sides of the main hall are rammed with earth walls and whitewashed. Each room is more than 5 meters wide and 4 rooms deep. The north wall is 5 meters away from the center of the north inner trough column, the north-south span of the inner trough column is 9.8 meters, and there are secondary verandahs around the hall. There is a square column foundation at the temple site, and the length and width of the lower square part are1.4m and the height is 0.52m.. The upper convex basin has a height of 10cm and an upper diameter of 84 cm. Only from this, the slope is paved with lotus square bricks, with stone pillars and bluestone goulan on both sides. In front of the east and west sides of the Han and Yuan Dynasties Hall, there are two pavilions, namely, Xiang Luan and Qifeng, which are connected with the Han and Yuan Dynasties Hall through rectangular corridors. This huge palace complex embodies the majestic style of Tang Dynasty architecture and becomes a model of later palaces. Linde Hall is the place where the emperor holds banquets and watches acrobatic dances and Buddhism, which is located in the west of Taiye Pool. Brick walls are built around it, rectangular, with a length of130m from north to south and a width of 77m from east to west. The hall and corridor are built on the upper platform. Linde Hall consists of front hall, middle hall and back hall, with the middle hall as the main hall, 9 rooms wide from east to west (except two gables), 5 rooms deep from north to south and two halls. Slates with a thickness of 0.2m are laid on the ground. The front hall is 9 rooms wide from east to west. The two mountains are flush with the middle hall, and there is no wall before and after. There are 4 rooms at both ends, of which 7 rooms are deep and 3 rooms are deep, and the ground is also paved with slate. The back hall is separated from the middle hall by a wall, and the two mountains are aligned with the middle hall, and the depth is 3. The ground is paved with square bricks, and there are corridors around the main hall. On the back side of the hall are Yu Yi Building in the east and the adjacent building in the west.
According to its layout and function, the architecture of the Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court and the inner court are bounded by Gan Qing Gate, with the outer court in the south and the inner court in the north. The architectural atmosphere of the outer court and the inner court of the Forbidden City is very different.
The outer court is centered on the three halls of Ethereum, Zhonghe and Baohe, also known as the "former court". It was also the place where feudal emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies. In addition, there are Wenhua Hall, Wenyuan Pavilion, Shangyuan and Nansan in the east wings. There are buildings such as Wuying Hall and Interior Office in the west.
The Forbidden City is centered on Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, flanked by hall of mental cultivation, East Palace, West Palace, Zhai Palace and Yuqing Palace, and there is also a royal garden. Ningshou Palace in the east of the Forbidden City was built for the elderly after Emperor Qianlong abdicated. There are Cining Palace and Shou 'an Palace in the west of the palace, and China Palace and the fifth floor in the north.
Center of the Foreign Dynasty: Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Zhonghe and Hall of Baohe, collectively called the three halls (Fengtian Hall, Gaihua Hall and Shenshen Hall in Ming Dynasty, renamed Huangji Hall, Relay Hall and Jianji Hall in Jiajing period, and now named Qing Dynasty).
The Forbidden City is centered on Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, and its east and west wings are East Sixth Palace and West Sixth Palace respectively. It is the place where the emperor handles daily affairs, and it is also the place where the emperor and his concubines live and live. ..........................