The diet of patients with liver cirrhosis should keep enough total calories and rich vitamins, especially vegetables containing B vitamins. The source of vitamins is mainly fruits, and vegetables are low in calories and large in size, so as not to affect the intake of other foods.
Too little fat in food will not only make food boring, affect appetite and digestion, but also be detrimental to many important physiological and biochemical processes. You can use a small amount of vegetable oil.
Patients with liver disease should have more sugar diet, but it should be moderate. You can choose monosaccharide and disaccharide foods that are easy to digest and absorb, such as glucose, sugar, honey, bee milk, sweat or fruit. Honey has the functions of invigorating the stomach, helping digestion, increasing the contents of glycogen and hemoglobin in the liver, increasing the detoxification ability of the liver and strengthening the body. It is more suitable for patients with liver cirrhosis to eat regularly.
When liver cirrhosis is accompanied by hypersplenism, there is often a tendency to bleed. At this time, blood coagulation foods should be supplemented, such as jelly-rich skin jelly, tendon and sea cucumber. If the plasma protein is low, accompanied by anemia, you can supplement some iron-containing foods, such as exercising the liver, vegetables, red dates, longan, and red bean porridge. When ascites occurs, some foods with diuretic effect can be added, such as carp, crucian carp, goat's milk, watermelon juice and wax gourd. The decrease of serum zinc level, the increase of urine zinc excretion and the decrease of liver zinc content will make patients have poor appetite, so we should pay attention to zinc supplementation and eat more zinc-rich foods. For example, oyster kernel is the food with the highest zinc content, while others such as seafood, pork, beef, fish, eggs, walnuts and mussels are also effective sources of zinc.
The digestive ability of patients with liver cirrhosis is reduced, and esophageal veins are often varicose and easy to rupture due to poor venous return. Therefore, the diet of patients with liver cirrhosis should be soft food, liquid food and semi-liquid food, rather than hard and rough food that is easy to scratch the esophagus and difficult to digest. Because the metabolic capacity of the liver is weakened, it is not suitable for eating canned food additives such as pigments and preservatives.
Compensatory cirrhosis needs a wide diet, so it is advisable to choose nutritious and digestible food. Hard, greasy and overweight foods, and vegetables with a lot of crude fiber, such as leeks and bean sprouts, are not suitable. This kind of food is easy to cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
In the decompensated period, due to gastrointestinal congestion and indigestion, soft, high-calorie, digestible and less gas-producing foods are the main foods, and about 70% per meal is appropriate. Without hepatic encephalopathy, protein can be given about 100g every day. A vegetarian diet containing a small amount of fat and rich in vitamins, inorganic salts and trace elements.
Compensatory and pre-compensatory cirrhosis should not eat ascending food. Do not eat alcohol, moldy food, hard, spicy and irritating food.