1. What are the common sense about giving gifts during Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival

Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival, which falls on May 5th in the lunar calendar, is the most important summer in my country. festival. There are different opinions about the origin of this festival, including the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan, the theory of Wuyue national totem, the theory of summer solstice of three generations, and the theory of avoiding evil moon and evil sun.

However, as the years go by, people remember more about dragon boat racing and eating rice dumplings on this day. People make rice dumplings before the Dragon Boat Festival and give them as gifts during the Dragon Boat Festival. They share the rice dumplings to enjoy the joy of the Dragon Boat Festival and welcome the turn of the year to summer. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, people connected Zongzi with Qu Yuan, making Zongzi a kind of sacrifice with special commemorative significance.

The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the three traditional Chinese festivals. It is also known as Moon Eve, Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Meeting, Moon Chasing Festival, Moon Worshiping Festival, and Daughter's Day. It was also planted in the Tang Dynasty. It is called "Duan Li Yue" and is popular among many ethnic groups across the country. The time falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which is exactly in the middle of the third autumn, hence the name Mid-Autumn Festival.

On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is closest to the earth, and the moon is the largest, roundest and brightest. Therefore, from ancient times to the present, Chinese people have the custom of feasting and admiring the moon. The daughter-in-law who returns to her parents' home must also return to the family on this day to express perfection and good luck.

On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is bright and clear. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion. Therefore, August 15th is also called the "Reunion Festival". People often use "full moon" and "waning moon" to describe joys and sorrows.

Gifts for the Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival

Zongzi is the most traditional gift for the Dragon Boat Festival; pickled salted eggs and preserved eggs packed into gift bags are common traditional gifts for the Dragon Boat Festival; watching dragon boat performances Children’s favorite activity gifts; moon cakes are the most common gifts during the Mid-Autumn Festival, symbolizing the reunion of the Mid-Autumn Festival; gift vouchers can be purchased at the nearest supermarket or department store; dairy products, cooking oil, ham, seaweed, Mushrooms and other festival gifts are suitable for gifts; coffee, seasoning gift boxes, tea, wine and other items are suitable for gifts on any festival

Mid-Autumn Reunion Flower

Chrysanthemums are yellow or white and resemble A full moon symbolizes reunion

Lily and PepsiCo

Hydrangea completes reunion

Osmanthus "is not a human species, but comes from the middle of the moon, and is more fragrant in Guanghan" , Blowing all over the mountain. "Osmanthus comes from the Moon Palace in legend.

As long as there is a moon, swaying flowers are indispensable. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon is full, and the laurel trees in the Moon Palace are constantly spreading the sound of blooming flowers. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a day of reunion, and people generally don't go out to visit. But if you are away from home and are invited to your home by friends from other places, you might as well send them reunion flowers to express your gratitude.

Mancheng Gift Mall·The gift consultant around you!

2. The Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival of the lunar calendar are respectively

1. Dragon Boat Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. According to the "Records of the Years of Jingchu", because when climbing in midsummer, Shunyang is above, and May is midsummer, and its first noon is a day of good weather when climbing in Shunyang, so the fifth day of May is also called "Duanyang". Festival". In addition, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as "Day Festival, May Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Bath Orchid Festival" and so on. The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional cultural festival popular in China and other countries in the Chinese character cultural circle. The Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. It was originally a festival for the tribes who worshiped the dragon totem in the ancient Baiyue region (the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the south) to hold totem sacrifices. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in the Baiyue land, tribes held a dragon boat race on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. The custom of totem sacrifice. Later, because Qu Yuan, a poet of Chu State (now Hubei) during the Warring States Period, committed suicide by bouldering into the Miluo River on that day, the rulers made the Dragon Boat Festival a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan in order to establish a loyal and patriotic label; in some areas, there are also commemorations of Wu Zixu and Cao E. The Dragon Boat Festival, the Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival are also known as the four traditional festivals of the Chinese Han people.

The Dragon Boat Festival literally also has names such as "Duanwu", "Chongwu" and "Chongwu". "Duan" in ancient Chinese has the meaning of beginning and beginning. Calling "Duanwu" is like calling "Chuwu". "Feng Tu Ji" says: "The Midsummer Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival is the beginning." There are three five-day days in a month, and the first five-day period is the "Dragon Boat Festival". The ancients used to refer to the first few days of May as Duan. Chen Yuanliang of the Yuan Dynasty said in "Sui Sui Guang Ji": "People in the capital city regard the first day of May as Duan Yi, the second day of May as Duan Er, and counting to five is called Duan." "The Dragon Boat Festival"

The ancients used the heavenly stems and earthly branches to calculate the calendar. The first month of the lunar calendar begins with the Yin month, and the fifth month is calculated according to the order of the earthly branches "Zichou Yinmaochen Siwu Wushen Youxuhai". It is "noon moon", and noon hour is "yangchen", so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called "Duanyang". Wu, the ancients used the word "five" in common, so Dragon Boat Festival and Dragon Boat Festival are synonymous. Because the months and days have the same number, people also call the Dragon Boat Festival the "Chongwu Festival" or the "Chongwu Festival".

According to statistics, there are more than 20 names for the Dragon Boat Festival, such as Dragon Boat Festival, Duanyang Festival, Chongwu Festival, Chongwu Festival, Dangwu Flood Festival, Tianzhong Festival, Summer Festival, May Festival, Chang Festival, Pu Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Bath Orchid Festival, Qu Yuan Day, Wu Day Festival, Girl's Day, Di La Festival, Poet's Day, Dragon Day, Wu Day, Lantern Festival, Wu Day Festival, etc.

2. Mid-Autumn Festival

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year and is a traditional Chinese festival.

The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" was first seen in "Zhou Rites".

According to the ancient Chinese calendar, there are four seasons in a year, and each season has three months, which are called Meng month, Zhong month, and Ji month respectively. Because the second month of autumn is called Zhongqiu, and because the 15th day of August in the lunar calendar, In mid-August, it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival.

"New Tang Book·Volume 15 Chronicles 5·Rites and Music 5" records that "the Spring and Mid-Autumn Festivals were laid by King Wenxuan and King Wucheng", and "in the 19th year of Kaiyuan, Taigong was established Shangfu Temple, with Liu Hou Zhang Liang, offered sacrifices to Wu in the Mid-Spring and Mid-Autumn Festivals, and the system of sacrifices and music was as written." According to historical records, the ancient emperors worshiped the moon on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, which happened to be in the middle of the third autumn, so it was called the "Mid-Autumn Festival"; and because this festival fell in August in autumn, it was also called the "Autumn Festival". "August Festival", "August Meeting" and "Mid-Autumn Festival"; there are also beliefs and related customary activities to pray for reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Doll's Day". Because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival revolve around the "moon", it is also commonly known as the "Moon Festival", "Moon Eve", "Moon Chasing Festival", "Moon Playing Festival" and "Moon Worshiping Festival"; in the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also known as It is called the "Duanzheng Month".

The popularity of the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it had become as famous as New Year's Day and became one of the major festivals in our country. Regarding the origins of the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three types: it originated from the ancient worship of the moon, the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a partner, and the ancient custom of worshiping the earth god in the autumn newspaper.

The 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. In the Chinese lunar calendar, a year is divided into four seasons, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and Ji. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Zhongqiu. The moon on August 15th is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "Moon Eve" and "August Festival". On this night, when people look up at the bright moon in the sky, they naturally look forward to family reunions. Wanderers who are far away from home also use this to express their longing for their hometown and relatives. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the "Reunion Festival".

Our people have had the custom of "autumn twilight and evening moon" in ancient times. On the eve of the moon, worship the moon god. By the Zhou Dynasty, every Mid-Autumn Festival night would be held to welcome the cold and worship the moon. Set up a large incense table and place moon cakes, watermelons, apples, dates, plums, grapes and other sacrifices. Moon cakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable. The watermelon should also be cut into lotus shapes. Under the moon, the moon statue is placed in the direction of the moon, with red candles burning high. The whole family worships the moon in turn, and then the housewife cuts the reunion moon cakes. The person who cuts the food must calculate in advance how many people are in the family. Those who are at home and those who are out of town must be counted together. They cannot cut more or less, and the sizes must be the same.

3. Who knows the cultural common sense of the Mid-Autumn Festival?

The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" was first seen in "The Rites of Zhou".

According to the ancient Chinese calendar, the 15th day of the eighth lunar month falls in mid-August of the autumn of the year, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". There are four seasons in a year, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and Ji. The second month of the three autumns is called Zhongqiu, so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Zhongqiu".

In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there is a record of "ordering the minister to suppress Niu Confusion, and on the evening of the Mid-Autumn Festival, he and the left and right people were incognito and flooded the river". It was not until the early Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival.

"Tang Shu·Taizong Ji" records the "Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th". The popularity of the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it had become as famous as New Year's Day and became one of the major festivals in our country.

This is also the second largest traditional festival in our country after the Spring Festival. According to our country's calendar, the eighth month of the lunar calendar is in the middle of autumn and is the second month of autumn, so it is called "Zhongqiu". The fifteenth day of August is in the middle of "Zhongqiu", so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival".

The Mid-Autumn Festival has many nicknames: because the festival falls on August 15th, it is called "August Festival" and "August Half"; because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival are all centered around the "month" , so it is also commonly known as "Moon Festival" and "Moon Eve"; the full moon on Mid-Autumn Festival symbolizes reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival". In the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also called the "Duanzheng Month".

Records of the "Reunion Festival" were first seen in the Ming Dynasty. "West Lake Tour Notes" says: "August 15th is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send mooncakes to each other to symbolize reunion."

"A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" also says: "On the fifteenth day of the eighth month, when worshiping the moon, the cakes must be round, the melons must be broken, and the petals must be carved like lotus flowers. ... If there is a woman who has returned to peace, this is the day. It is the Reunion Festival that must be returned to the husband's house.

With the continuous development of society, the ancients gave many legends to the moon, from the toad in the moon to the jade rabbit making medicine, from Wu Gang cutting laurel to Chang'e flying to the moon, rich imagination. It depicts a variety of beautiful scenery in the world of the Moon Palace. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, poets and poets have chanted about the moon and the mid-month, and the full moon on August 15th has become an excellent time to express emotions.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, officials officially designated August 15th as the Mid-Autumn Festival, which was meant to be the middle of the Three Autumn Festivals. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, when the bright moon was in the sky and the clear light filled the earth, people regarded the full moon as a festival. As a symbol of reunion, August 15th is regarded as the day for the reunion of relatives. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the "Reunion Festival".

The Mid-Autumn Festival has become a major festival of the year, and it is also associated with the imperial examination. There is an extremely delicate relationship. In our country's feudal society, the rulers have always attached great importance to the examination, and the three-year Autumn Imperial Competition is scheduled to be held in August.

< p> With the combination of beautiful scenery and beauty, people will praise those who take the high school examination as the ones who win the title in the middle of the month.

Every Mid-Autumn Festival, grand celebrations must be held, which has become an important custom for the people of the whole society. It has remained popular through the dynasties. The Mid-Autumn Festival has gradually become one of the three major festivals of the Han people in my country (Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival).

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival in my country. Together with the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Qingming Festival, it is also known as the four traditional festivals of the Chinese Han people. According to historical records, ancient emperors had the ritual system of worshiping the sun in spring and the moon in autumn. The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in the book "Zhou Rites"; it was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival, as shown in "Book of Tang·Taizong Ji" "" records the "Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th"; the popularity of the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty.

The festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which happens to be in the middle of autumn, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival", also called "Zhongqiu Festival"; and because this festival falls in autumn and August, it is also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". It is called "Autumn Festival", "August Festival" and "August Meeting"; there are also beliefs and related festivals and activities to pray for reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Girls' Day". Because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival revolve around the "moon", it is also commonly known as the "Moon Festival", "Moon Eve", "Moon Chasing Festival", "Moon Playing Festival" and "Moon Worshiping Festival"; in the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also known as It is called the "Duanzheng Month".

Regarding the origins of the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three types: it originated from the worship of the moon in ancient times, the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a partner, and the ancient custom of worshiping the earth god in the autumn newspaper. The Mid-Autumn Festival has been a national statutory holiday since 2008.

The country attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20, 2006, this folk custom was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.

4. Customs of the Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is commonly known as the "Dragon Boat Festival".

Duan means "beginning" and "beginning". The fifth day of the Lunar New Year can be called the Dragon Boat Festival.

The lunar calendar uses earthly branches to record the months. The first month is Yin, the second month is Mao, and the fifth month is Wu. Therefore, May is called Wu month. "五" and "五" are connected, and "五" is also It is a yang number, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as Duanwu, Chongwu, Duanyang, Zhongtian, etc. Judging from historical records, the word "Dragon Boat Festival" was first seen in "Fengtu Ji" written by Zhou Chu of Jin Dynasty: "Dragon Boat Festival in midsummer, cooking millet with duck horns".

The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival for the Han people in my country. The essential activities on this day gradually evolved into: eating rice dumplings, racing dragon boats, hanging calamus and mugwort leaves, smoking atractylodes and angelica, and drinking realgar wine.

It is said that eating rice dumplings and racing dragon boats are to commemorate Qu Yuan, so after liberation, the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus and moxa leaves, smoking atractylodes and angelica, and drinking realgar wine, it is said to suppress evil spirits.

Although the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated every year, the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is not very clear. To sum up, there are roughly the following theories. 1. Commemorate Qu Yuan.

This theory first came from the records of Wu Jun of the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, "Xu Qi Xie Ji" and "Jing Chu Sui Sui Ji" of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It is said that Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month and was trapped by dragons after his death. People mourned his death and threw colorful silk rice dumplings into the water on this day to drive away mosquitoes and dragons.

It is also said that after Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River, local people immediately rowed boats to rescue him after hearing the news. They went straight to Dongting Lake, but Qu Yuan's body was not found. At that time, it happened to be a rainy day, and the boats on the lake gathered together at the pavilion on the shore.

When people learned that they were salvaging the virtuous minister Qu, they went out in the rain again and rushed into the vast Dongting Lake. In order to express their grief, people went boating on the rivers, and then it gradually developed into dragon boat racing.

'It seems that eating rice dumplings and racing dragon boats on the Dragon Boat Festival are related to commemorating Qu Yuan. There is a poem "Dragon Boat Festival" by Wenxiu of the Tang Dynasty as evidence: "Who said that the festival is divided into Dragon Boat Festival? It has been rumored to be Qu Yuan throughout the ages. It's so funny to Chu The vast sky in the river cannot wash away the grievances of the direct ministers."

Secondly, the God of Yingtao said. This statement comes from the "Cao E Stele" of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Zixu, a loyal minister of the Wu Kingdom, died unjustly and turned into the god of waves. People mourned and offered sacrifices to him, so there was the Dragon Boat Festival. Three, Dragon Festival said.

This statement comes from Wen Yiduo's "Dragon Boat Test" and "Dragon Boat Festival History Education". He believed that the fifth day of May was the day when the "dragon" tribe in the ancient Wuyue region held totem sacrifices.

The main reasons are: (1) The two most important activities of the Dragon Boat Festival, eating rice dumplings and racing boats, are both related to dragons. Zongzi thrown into the water are often stolen by mosquito dragons, while dragon boats are used for the ferry races.

(2) The ferry race has a particularly deep relationship with the ancient Wuyue region. Moreover, the people of Wuyue also have the custom of cutting off their hair and getting a tattoo "to resemble a dragon son". (3) In ancient times, there was a folk custom of "tying arms with colorful silk" on the fifth day of May. This should be a relic of the "dragon son-like" tattoo custom.

Fourth, the evil sun theory. In the pre-Qin era, it was generally believed that the fifth month was a poisonous month and the fifth day was an evil day.

The chapter "Midsummer" in "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" stipulates that people should abstain from sex and fast in May. "Xia Xiaozheng" records: "On this day, medicine is stored to remove poisonous gases."

"Dadaili" records, "On May 5th, animal orchid is used as a bath." Taking a bath to drive away evil spirits is considered to be death. There are many legends about that day. "Historical Records: Biography of Mengchangjun" records that the famous Mengchangjun in history was born on May 5th.

His father asked his mother not to give birth to him, believing that "those born in May will be disadvantageous to their parents if they are born in May." An unknown article in "Customs" states, "It is said that if a child is born on May 5th, the male will harm the father." , daughter harms mother.”

Wang Chong, the author of "Lunheng", also recorded: "It is taboo to raise the sons of the first and fifth months; killing the father and mother with the sons of the first and fifth months is not allowed." Wang Zhene, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was born on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, and his grandfather He was named "Suppressing Evil".

Song Huizong Zhao Ji was born on the fifth day of May and was fostered outside the palace since childhood. It can be seen that in ancient times, it was a common phenomenon to regard the fifth day of May as an evil day.

It can be seen that since the pre-Qin Dynasty, this day has been an unlucky day. In this way, it is logical to plant calamus and mugwort leaves on this day to drive away ghosts, smoke atractylodes and angelica and drink realgar wine to ward off epidemics.

Five, the summer solstice is said. Liu Deqian, who holds this view, put forward three main reasons in "Another Theory of the Origin of "Dragon Boat Festival"" and "Interesting Talks about Traditional Chinese Festivals": (1) The authoritative year-old work "Jingchu Years' Notes" and There is no mention of the festival custom of eating rice dumplings on the fifth day of May, but eating rice dumplings is written in the Summer Solstice Festival.

As for Jingdu, the "Jade Candle Book" written by Du Taiqing of the Sui Dynasty listed it as a recreational activity on the summer solstice, which shows that it was not necessarily to salvage the great poet Qu Yuan who threw himself into the river. (2) Some contents in the Dragon Boat Festival customs, such as "stepping on hundreds of herbs", "fighting on hundreds of herbs", "collecting miscellaneous herbs", etc., actually have nothing to do with Qu Yuan.

(3) The first explanation of the Dragon Boat Festival is: "The sun and leaves are in the sun, and the Dragon Boat Festival is in the middle of summer, so the Dragon Boat Festival can also be called the sky." The earliest origin of the Wu Festival is the summer solstice, and the commemoration of Qu Yuan has the most widespread influence. People are also willing to commemorate this anniversary. For him.

The earliest Dragon Boat Festival food that appeared in the Dragon Boat Festival should be the "Owl Soup" in the Western Han Dynasty. "Historical Records" "The Chronicles of Emperor Wu" quoted Chun Yan: "The Han Dynasty sent Xiao to Dongjun. , on May 5th, owl soup was given to all officials.

It is an evil bird, so eat it.” Probably because owls are difficult to catch, the custom of eating owl soup did not continue.

File is the protagonist of the Dragon Boat Festival-zongzi, which is eaten later. It had already appeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It was not until the Jin Dynasty that rice dumplings became the food of the Dragon Boat Festival.

"Feng Tu Ji": "May 5th is the same as the summer solstice,...the first two festivals. One day, the sticky rice was wrapped in wild rice leaves, mixed with millet, and boiled in pure and thick ash juice until it was cooked. At the same time, there was another Dragon Boat Festival diet called "turtle" which only appeared briefly in the Jin Dynasty and then disappeared.

Only the rice dumplings called "corn millet" in "Feng Tu Ji" have become the most popular Dragon Boat Festival diet for thousands of years because they are attached to the legend of Qu Yuan. Judging from the cooking methods recorded in "Feng Tu Ji", the rice dumplings at that time were made of millet as the main raw material, and no other fillings were added except millet.

However, under the skillful management of the Chinese people who are particular about food, the rice dumplings I can see today have various changes in shape and content. First of all, in terms of shape, rice dumplings from various places are triangular, quadrilateral, pillow-shaped, small pagoda-shaped, round rod-shaped, etc.

The materials of rice dumpling leaves vary from place to place. Since bamboo is abundant in the south, local materials are used to tie the rice dumplings with bamboo leaves.

Most people like to use fresh bamboo leaves, because the rice dumplings made from dried bamboo leaves are more cooked.