Method for heat food outdoors
1, charcoal barbecue
Tubers of plants, fish, birds, freshwater mussels and many other foods can be roasted directly on charcoal fire or covered with an iron net. You can also wrap a layer of clay or a layer of leaves before baking, which will never burn the food.
Using this method, there is no need to pluck hair, remove internal organs or scrape fish scales. When the food is completely cooked, just peel off the mud wrapped outside, and the hair and scales can be removed with the mud.
2, bonfire barbecue
Put small pieces of the roots of wild animals, small fish, birds and plants on wet sticks or twigs and bake them directly on the bonfire.
3. Steaming stones
This is an ancient "clam steaming method", and the effect is good. The method is to put the shelled food directly on the hot stone or bake some meat in the middle of the stone, wrap it with leaves or grass, and then cover it with a layer of sand or soil. When the food is cooked, clams, oysters and other things will open their mouths as soon as they are opened, and they can be eaten. It can also be used with the current fashionable stone baking tray.
4. food baked in the pit
First, dig a pit 30~40 cm deep in the mud pit, put meat, eggs, tree roots and shellfish at the bottom of the pit, and put leaves of green plants, grass or cloth that can keep food clean in the pit. Then cover the pit with a layer of 2 cm thick sand or soil and set fire to it. But don't burn the meat in the leaves, it will produce a smoky smell.
5, crock cooking
Make a clay earthenware pot to cook food, line it with a foil, then put clean water and food to cook in it, and then add hot stones until the water boils. Cover with large green leaves for at least 1 hour until the food is completely cooked.
How to make your own fire in outdoor cooking
If you don't have a fire and modern heating tools, you can make your own fire to heat food.
1, flint method
This method is the earliest way to make a fire, and its use may be inspired by the spark phenomenon when making stone tools. We can find a hard stone as a "flint" and knock it down with the back of a knife or a small piece of steel to let the spark fall on the primer. When the fire begins to smoke, blow or fan it slowly to ignite the open flame. If the flint can't make a fire, you can find another stone and try again. Of course, not any stone can ignite the fire, and the spark struck by the stone must have a certain amount of heat and duration to ignite the fire. According to archaeological data, it is found that the sparks generated by pyrite hitting flint can make fire. Flint is covered with flammable tinder or charred cloth, which will ignite with a blow. One thing to note here: the more edges and corners of the stone, the better the effect of flint. When the edge of a hard stone is too smooth, it needs to be broken on a big stone, so as to show sharp edges.
2, bow drill fire
Tie shoelaces, ropes or belts with tough branches or bamboo pieces to make bows. Wrap a dry stick around the bow and use it to spin quickly on a small piece of hardwood. This will drill out the black powder, and finally the black powder will smoke to produce sparks and ignite the fire. Wearing glass sheets on a flat plate can also generate heat and fire. When the intense friction becomes hot, the fire is blown.
3, rattan fire
Find a dry trunk, split at one end, open the crack with something, insert a kindling, put a cane about two feet long behind the kindling, step on the trunk with your foot, and quickly twitch the cane left and right to make it friction and heat, thus igniting the kindling. You can also use two soft fire heads or bamboo pieces to rub each other hard to make a fire, and the bottom is padded with palm skin or dry matter at the bottom of coconut leaves as a kindling.
Step 4 drill wood for fire
It will be a good choice to find suitable wood for drilling board, dried poplar, willow and the like, because their texture is soft. Then find a suitable branch as a drill bit, which is hard and the conditions are not as harsh as the drilling board. Then, drill an inverted V-shaped groove on the edge of the drilling plate. Finally, put a flammable tinder or dead leaves under the drilling board, and then drill hard with both hands until a fire comes out.
Precautions for outdoor fire use
1. Know the limit of using fire before you go hiking and camping.
Many times, the managers of scenic spots or hiking areas will put forward some requirements for the use of fire, especially in the season that is prone to fire. Pay more attention to posting instructions and signs for field fire and forest fire prevention along the hiking route. It is worth noting that in some areas, in the fire-prone season, fire control will be more stringent. It is your responsibility for hikers to understand these requirements.
2. Only collect some fallen branches and other materials, preferably far away from the camp.
Otherwise, after a period of time, around the camp will be in an unnatural and bare state. Never cut down a living tree or break the branches of a growing tree, or even pick branches from a dead tree, because many wild animals will use these places.
Don't use too high and thick fire.
A large amount of firewood is rarely completely burned, which generally leaves bonfire remains such as black charcoal, which once again affects the biological world.
4. Where fire is allowed, existing fire pits should be used.
Only in an emergency, you can build a new one yourself, and if possible, you should restore it to its original state after use. If there is a fireplace, clean it up when you leave.
All flammable materials should be removed from the vicinity of the fire pit.
Ideally, the place where you use fire should be nonflammable, such as soil, stone, sand and other materials, which can often be found by the river. Continuous high temperature will make the originally healthy soil barren, so you should pay attention to choosing your fire place.
If you live to save people in an emergency, it is understandable that you have not considered the continuous use of soil. However, don't destroy the natural landscape excessively. At this time, raw firearms and waterproof matches have become your useful things. You can also use fire and replace the ring of fire. You can use tools to make a circular platform 15 to 20 cm high with mineralized soil and light-colored barren soil. Use this place as a place for you to make a fire. If conditions permit, this platform can be built on a flat rock. This is mainly to avoid damaging the soil where plants grow. After you use up the fire, you can easily push the fire table away. Some people even take out things like barbecue plates as mobile fire platforms.
6. Take away the ashes left behind.
Pick out all the charcoal that can be found in the fire ring, crush it and take it away, and spread it in a relatively large area. Tear down everything you have built for your life, and don't leave any wooden blocks or anything like that. This may sound troublesome, but in order to eliminate the long-term effects of using fire in the wild, it is a responsible behavior.