In the Forbes Global Rich List of 20021,there are 22 Indonesian rich people on the list, more than half of whom are entrepreneurs from China, which shows the weight and influence of Indonesian Chinese businessmen.
Chinese businessmen in Fujian and Guangdong are the richest, and two brothers in Jinjiang dominate the list.
Huang Huixiang
In the Forbes rich list of 20021,there are 22 Indonesian rich people on the list, and the minimum threshold for the list is $65,438 +0 1 billion. Among them, Huizhong Huang, an Indonesian Fujian businessman from Jinjiang, became the richest man in Indonesia with a net worth of $20.5 billion, followed by his brother Michael Hartono. The wealth on the list is.
Huang Huixiang and Huizhong Huang inherited Djarum, a manufacturer of clove cigarettes, from their father. However, compared with tobacco, the biggest asset of the two brothers, the richest man in Indonesia, is banking. The family bank Central Asia Bank is the largest private bank in Indonesia. The group has two banks, Hagakjta Bank and Haga Bank, all over Indonesia.
Diversification is a major business feature of overseas Chinese businessmen. Huang Huixiang and Huizhong Huang brothers also operate diversified industries such as real estate, hotels and shopping centers. PT Bukit Mulia, a family subsidiary, is one of the largest business groups in Indonesia.
Prakash lohia, an Indonesian petrochemical tycoon with a net worth of $6.5 billion, ranked third on Forbes' list of Indonesia's richest people. He holds a large stake in Indorama Ventures, a petrochemical company listed in Bangkok, Thailand.
Indonesian "timber king" Peng and his family
Indonesia's "timber king", Indonesia's "plywood king" and Prajogo Pangestu, chairman of Barido Pacific Construction Group, tied with prakash lohia for the third place in Indonesia's rich list with a net asset of 6.5 billion US dollars.
Peng was born in Dongkeng Town, Luhe County, Guangdong Province, China. His father Peng Rui was born in a poor peasant family. In his early years, he made a living in Hainan and Indonesia, first as a rubber cutter and then as a tailor in a rubber plantation.
In the early 1960s, Peng, who graduated from junior high school, came to work in Caiyuandi Group, a subsidiary of Indonesian timber giant. He started his own business in 1977 and founded Barido Pacific Company, which has now become the largest plywood manufacturer and exporter in the world.
Peng and his wife, Zhang Minglian, returned to Fuxin Village, Dongkeng Town, Liuhe on 1993 to visit relatives and worship their ancestors. Last year, he donated millions of dollars to support China in fighting the epidemic. Peng's Pacific Construction Group is also a diversified comprehensive group with a number of listed companies. In addition to logging, plywood and paper making, it has also made achievements in banking, hotels and real estate investment.
Kailu, founder and chairman of Indonesia CT Group? Chairul Tanjung, ranked fifth, with a net asset of $4.8 billion.
Weng Junmin (left) and his sons Weng Dachuan and Sun Zichen are in the ancestral home of the doctor.
Weng Junmin, the 69-year-old chairman of Guo Xin Group, and his family are worth $3.3 billion on the list. Tahar, who was awarded Datuk Seri by Malaysian Sultan, was the first Chinese who was expected to be Indonesian Vice President. His ancestral home is Fuqing, Fujian.
Weng Junmin, currently Chairman of the Board of Directors of Indonesia Guosen Group, Chairman of Indonesia Guosen Bank, Chairman of Indonesia Chinese Newspaper International Daily Newspaper Group and founder of Indonesia Weng Junmin Foundation, is also known as "Indonesian Philanthropist".
Weng Junmin, 1952 was born in Surabaya, Indonesia, and is the second generation of Chinese in Indonesia. My ancestral home is Fuqing, Fujian, and I graduated from Nanyang University in Singapore, San Francisco and Goldengate University in the United States. From 65438 to 0988, he started from running a car sales company. After the failure of his business, he turned to the clothing manufacturing industry and then entered the financial industry. Maya Pada Bank was established in Jakarta 1990. At present, Weng Junmin is a major shareholder of International Daily, the largest Chinese daily newspaper in Indonesia, and also a shareholder of Forbes magazine in Indonesia. In addition, Weng Junmin's industry covers finance, medical care, retail, real estate, media and other fields.
Weng Junmin's ancestral home is Qilin Village, Xincuo Town, Fuqing City, Fujian Province. His father Weng Wenying went to Nanyang to make a living in his early years. Weng Junmin is the son-in-law of Li Wenzheng, the "Indonesian money king" in Putian, and his father-in-law Li Wenzheng's ancestral home is in the mouth of Putian.
Ranked seventh and eighth on the rich list are Eddy Kusnadi Sariaatmadja and Jerry Ng, whose net worth is $2.5 billion and $2 billion respectively.
Martua Sitorus
Among the top 10 Indonesian billionaires in Forbes, Martua Sitorus ranks 9th. Guo Henian's nephew Guo Kongfeng co-founded Fengyi International on 199 1. He is the only overseas Chinese enterprise among the top five grain merchants in the world and one of the largest listed companies on the Singapore Stock Exchange. Martua Sitorus is currently the director and co-chief operating officer of Wilmar International.
Martua Sitorus, 6 1 year-old, has four children, and her ancestral home is Sanwu Village, cizao town, Jinjiang City, Fujian Province. Martua Sitorus is one of the experts in Indonesian palm industry. He entered this industry after graduating from college.
Djoko Susanto, 7 1 year-old, ranked 10, is an Indonesian supermarket tycoon with a net worth of1700 million US dollars. He was born in Jakarta on 1950. Originally from Mazhen Town, dapu county City, Guangdong Province. He is a Hakka and a second-generation Indonesian Chinese entrepreneur who started from scratch.
Guo, owner of Aifa supermarket chain
Guo's father Guo (1903- 1989) and his mother Huang Shuoniang (19 14- 1979) are both Hakkas in Tai Po, Guangdong Province. They went south to Indonesia in the 1930s, got married in Coconut City, and later settled in Beiduo.
Guo gave birth to five sons and five daughters, and Guo ranked sixth among brothers and sisters, nicknamed "A Gui". In the 1970s, when Guo ran the family's "Happiness Source" grocery store, he was always thinking about how to expand his business. Later, he discovered the potential of cigarette market and gained the trust and support of many agents in Jakarta, especially Sambo Lin Company of Lin Tianbao family, which is the oldest Indonesian manufacturer of clove cigarettes. Sanbaolin is a tobacco company with a history of more than 100 years, and it is also a top tycoon with more than three generations.
Guo, who started as a tobacco wholesaler, has the reputation of "God of Tobacco" in Indonesia. Later, it went deep into the chain retail industry. His family owns more than 65,438+0,200 supermarket chains, making it a retail giant in Indonesia.
Guo's Alfamart convenience store is not only opened in major cities in Indonesia, but also touches the mainland.
At present, Guo He has five children, all of whom have successful careers. In 1980s, with the support of his wife, Guo founded a Chinese education institution. This private educational institution is available from primary and secondary schools to universities. It is also his regret to make up for his regret of dropping out of school too early and let more people have the opportunity to study.
Indonesian "Qian Wang" and founder of Lippo Group Li Wenzheng
Among the 22 Indonesian billionaires on the list, Lim Hariyanto Wijaya Sarwono, the oldest, is 92 years old. Lin Lianxing, also known as "Lin Moulu", is a native of Fuqing City, Fujian Province. He is the honorary chairman of the Indonesian Chinese Association, the first honorary chairman of the Lin Clan Association in Indonesia and the honorary chairman of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce. His net worth on the list is 654.38+0. 1 billion dollars.
The second richest man is Li Wenzheng, the 92-year-old founder of Lippo Group, and his family. He is on the same list as Weng Junmin and Weng Xu, which is also a much-told story.
Li Wenzheng, whose ancestral home is Xindian Village, Jiangkou Town, Hanjiang District, Putian City, Fujian Province, was called Xinghua in ancient times. His ancestral home is Xinghua Bay. Xinghua Bay is adjacent to Fuqing Bay, and Weng Junmin, a native of Fuqing, became the son-in-law of Li Wenzheng, a native of Putian, which also has geographical relations.
In fact, Li Wenzheng has a brotherly relationship with another Fuqing native and former Indonesian richest man, Lin Shaoliang. Together, they established the Central Asian Bank and jointly founded Lippo Group.
Li Wenzheng was born in Malang Town, 80km south of Surabaya, East Java, on May 1929. His father, Li Yamei, and his mother, Shi Bilan, set up an Indonesian floral skirt and daily necessities grocery store in Malang, East Java. Li Yamei has two sons and three daughters, and Li Wen is the third.
During World War II, Li Wenzheng returned to China to study in the Philosophy Department of Nanjing National Central University. Later, he moved to Hong Kong and returned to East Java to work in the shops run by Li and Li. Appreciated by the Li family, she married Li and the daughter of twelve sisters in 1956.
After marriage, Li Wenzheng and his wife went to Jakarta to make a living. First, I set up a small shop in partnership with others, and then I set up the "Three Oriental Companies" and founded "Peaceful Shipping". Ten years later, he has little savings. Entering the banking industry is also accidental.
Li Wenzheng, known as "Indonesian Money King", is good at handling banking business.
1960 Pirama Shari, manager of Indonesian McMillan Bank, who was on the verge of bankruptcy due to poor management, called on Li Wenzheng to contribute 200,000 US dollars to save the bank. Li Wenzheng was a little surprised at first, but he suddenly changed his mind. Isn't so much that bankers dream of coming? Therefore, Li Wenzheng subscribed for 20% of the shares of this bank and served as a director; Most of his $200,000 investment was borrowed from villagers in Fujian who have good relations, and the bank will come back to life in the future.
Chen Jianghe, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Golden Eagle Group.
Chen Jianghe, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Singapore Golden Eagle Group, has a net worth of US$ 654.38+0.4 billion and won the title of the richest man in Indonesia for many times. He is also a Putian native, a Jiangkou native like Li Wenzheng, and his ancestral home is Xishi Village, Jiangkou Town, Hanjiang District, Putian, Fujian.
Chen Jianghe was born in Indonesia on 1949, and his father Chen Jinrong went to Nanyang to make a living on 1937. When Chen Jianghe 17 years old, his father Chen Jinrong was ill in bed because of overwork, and he was forced to drop out of school. He took over his father's business and hired three employees to supply motorcycle parts for Indonesian oil company. By the time he was 26, he had earned10 million dollars.
Singapore Golden Eagle Group, founded by Chen Jianghe, is a diversified multinational industrial group integrating forest pulp and paper, agricultural products industry, special dissolved wood pulp and cellulose fiber, and energy development, with total assets exceeding 654.38+08 billion USD and global employees exceeding 60,000. After 1990s, it entered the China market on a large scale with a total investment of over 50 billion yuan.
Chen Jiang, who is enthusiastic about charity, and his wife Huang Ruie established the Chen Jianghe Foundation on 198 1. At present, Golden Eagle Group has eight companies, namely Asia Pacific Resources Group, Asia Pacific Sembo Group, Asia Planting Group, samit Group, Bath Group, Asia Pacific Rayon (APR) and Pacific Oil and Gas Co., Ltd. ..
Chen Jiang and his wife Huang Ruie have four children. In order to experience the second generation of successors, he once asked his second daughter to volunteer in Cambodia and sent his youngest son, Chen Jiansheng, to work in a remote town. Family style and family precepts are the guiding lights to guide the family forward. I personally summed up Chen Jiaxun. The first one is "If you love your son, it is still not love if you don't teach him;" It is better to teach than not to teach. "
Chen Jianghe said: If you really love your child, teach him well; If you don't teach him well, it's not true love; If the teaching method is not correct, or the teaching is not correct, it is unsuccessful.
Fu Zhikuan, Founder and President of Indonesian Media Group (CCM) (second from left)
Murdaya Poo, founder and president of Indonesia Media Group (CCM) born in Meixian County, Guangdong Province, is worth $654.38+0.2 billion.
The 80-year-old Fu Zhikuan's family is diversified, and CCM Group is an Indonesian partner of China xd.
It is necessary to mention that in March 1965, former Indonesian President Susilo issued Presidential Decision 2005/2004. 12, announcing the cancellation of the document circulated by the Cabinet Presidium at 1967, officially abolishing the official title "Tjina/China/Cina" (Zhina) and re-using the word Tionghoa (China) as the Chinese title.
A later article in Jakarta Post said that the change of appellation was not unrelated to the unremitting efforts of Indonesian Chinese themselves. In addition, it was Wang He, the former chairman of the Indonesian Chinese General Association and the founder of the Indonesian National Construction Foundation, and Fu Zhikuan, a former member of parliament, who finally persuaded President Susilo to abolish the use of zhina.
Remember this Meixian Chinese entrepreneur-Fu Zhikuan! Indonesian Chinese have experienced a hundred years of vicissitudes. From Cina (zhina) to Tionghoa (China), the change of this title marks that Chinese, as an important ethnic group in Indonesia, have taken another important step to gain due respect and normal political and social status.
On the Forbes list of the world's richest people, the last two Indonesian tycoons are also Chinese entrepreneurs, namely Low Tuck Kwong and Hary Tanoesoedibjo, and they are also non-Fujian-Guangdong Chinese tycoons in the Chinese community, with a net worth of 165438+ billion US dollars.
Liu Deguang was born in Singapore and naturalized in Indonesia. He is a famous "coal boss". Hary Tanoesoedibjo, 55, is a famous "media boss" in Indonesia and the president of Global Media, an influential media company in Indonesia. His MNC TV Group, which includes many well-known TV stations and influential newspapers, is one of the media giants in Indonesia.
Why are there so many rich people in Fujian and Guangdong provinces in Indonesia?
Dr. Li Wenzheng (right), founder of Lippo Group and former Chairman of the Board of Directors of Indonesian University.
By the end of 20 15, before Li Wenzheng's autobiography was published, Li Wenzheng, the founder of Lippo Group, lived under one roof for four generations and 96 people. He wrote in the preface: "I was born in 1929. As long as I can remember, I have experienced war, escape, disaster, death and poverty. Life is bumpy and full of variables, and the future is always unpredictable. "
In his autobiography, Li Wenzheng shared his life's struggle history. He said: Lippo Group grew up with the economy and politics of Indonesia and China, and it can be said that it grew up with Indonesia and China. For decades, it has also experienced great storms, and today's Bao Li has been achieved through diligence and hard work.
Li Wenzheng said: I spent my college time in China. 1950 back to Indonesia. At the end of February, Indonesia's independence was recognized, and 1950 officially became an independent country. The independent development of Indonesia coincides with the beginning of my personal career. He wrote meaningfully: "Every success and failure in my career is actually a microcosm and portrayal of different times in Indonesian society. Sometimes, I walk in the forefront of the times; Sometimes, I am involved in the big waves of the times. "
As Li Wenzheng, an Indonesian Chinese businessman, said, the history of Indonesian Chinese is actually a microcosm of Indonesia's modern history. After 1980s, with the Indonesian government relaxing the naturalization of overseas Chinese, most of them became Indonesian citizens, and the Chinese economy essentially evolved from overseas Chinese economy to Indonesian economy. However, even now, Indonesian Chinese businessmen still face many development difficulties.
Indonesian richest man Huizhong Huang
Why are there so many rich people in Fujian and Guangdong provinces in Indonesia?
In 20021year, there were 22 Indonesian rich people who entered Forbes global rich list, including Chinese 12, more than half. Among them, except for Liu Deguang and Hary Tanoesoedibjo, who are mainlanders, there are seven rich Indonesians in Fujian, namely: Huizhong Huang, the richest man in Indonesia, and Huang Huixiang, his brother from Jinjiang, Fujian; Weng Junmin, a native of Fuqing, Fujian; Martua Sitorus, from Jinjiang, Fujian; Li Wenzheng, from Putian, Fujian; Chen Jianghe, from Putian, Fujian; There is also Lin Lianxing, a native of Fuqing, Fujian.
There are three Indonesian Chinese rich people in Guangdong, namely: Peng, whose ancestral home is Luhe, Guangdong; Guo, a native of Tai Po, Guangdong; Fu Zhikuan, originally from Meixian County, Guangdong Province.
Indonesia is the country with the largest number of Chinese in Southeast Asia, with an estimated population of100000. In the early days of the founding of the Republic of China, Indonesia adopted a tolerant policy towards the naturalization of overseas Chinese and implemented a nationality law based on the principle of birthplace. At that time, the capital of Indonesia was Yogyakarta, which is why most Chinese were concentrated in Java. From 1950s to the end of 1970s, Indonesia's anti-Chinese sentiment was high, the theory of descent was replaced by the theory of descent, and the naturalization of overseas Chinese was restricted. During this period, many overseas Chinese in Indonesia were forced to move to Singapore, Malaysia and other places, and some returned to the motherland.
1990, China and Indonesia resumed diplomatic relations (note: 1967). In the process of democratization in Indonesia, the status of Chinese has also been restored, and their political status and living conditions have also changed greatly. There are more than half of Chinese in Indonesia's rich list, which is also the best display of Indonesian Chinese's economic struggle and efforts.
Surabaya, Indonesia
Fujian and Guangdong provinces are in Indonesia. Why are there so many rich people? The first is the population base, Indonesian Chinese in Fujian, followed by Cantonese. At present, the three major cities in Indonesia are Jakarta, Surabaya and Medan. Surabaya, the second largest city, has a population of about 4 million, including Chinese 1 10,000, and 78% of the economy is controlled by Chinese.
Among the Chinese in Surabaya, about 60% are Minnan people, about 30% are Hakkas, and 10% are other Han people. Hakkas have a long history of emigrating to Indonesia, most of whom are Cantonese. According to the Records of Overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province, Hakkas migrated to Indonesia in the Tang Dynasty. At present, the ancestral homes of overseas Hakkas are mostly Meixian, Hainan and Chaozhou.
Moreover, Fujian people rank first in Indonesia's rich list, which is also the result of the wealth pyramid structure. In the past century, Chinese groups have migrated to Southeast Asia with strong local culture, and the distribution and accumulation of wealth is a combination of historical memory and social status quo. For more than 100 years, with several waves of immigration, the power, scale and influence of Fujian people, Hakka people and Guangfu people in Southeast Asian countries are changing.
Nowadays, no one can shake the position of Chaoshan people in Guangdong in Thailand's economy, including the Chinese community; Similarly, in Singapore and Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines, Fujian people have an advantage. Like the Philippine rich list, Fujian Jinjiang boss is also a bully.
Being in a foreign country, for most enterprises in China, even in the era of globalization, commercial networks based on consanguinity, geography and consanguinity, including the cultural edge of their hometown, still exist, which enables them to gain more competitive chips with the help of the strength and advantages of "holding a group".
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