A complete knowledge of Peking Opera facial makeup This paper mainly introduces Peking Opera facial makeup from the following aspects:
First, the source of Facebook
As for the source of Facebook, it is generally said that it comes from a mask. The early war masks of human beings and the masks of hundreds of plays in Han Dynasty are the distant ancestors of Facebook.
Second, the characteristics of Facebook
Facebook can mark a character's face, personality, identity, age and other characteristics, so it not only has the artistic value of shaping the character, but also has the function of assisting the performance and exaggerating the character, and also has the evaluation significance of distinguishing good from evil, distinguishing loyal subjects, and praising and criticizing others. Generally speaking, Peking Opera facial makeup has the following characteristics: the contradiction between beauty and ugliness is unified; Closely related to the character of the role; Its pattern is stylized.
Third, Facebook application
In Beijing opera, not every character has to draw facial makeup, but facial makeup should be drawn according to the classification of roles.
"Raw" and "Dan" makeup are powders that are slightly applied to achieve the beautification effect. This kind of makeup is called "handsome makeup", also called "plain face" or "cleansing". It is characterized by "a thousand people".
Facebook, on the other hand, is a variety of characters used by "clean" and "ugly" businesses, which changes the true colors of actors with exaggerated strong colors and ever-changing lines, in contrast to the "raw" and "Dan" makeup of "plain face". Facial makeup is characterized by "ever-changing".
Fourth, the color painting of facial makeup
There are four basic types of facial makeup in Beijing opera: rubbing, hooking, wiping and breaking.
1. Face rubbing: It is a kind of real mask, that is, rubbing the color all over the face with your fingers, and then emphasizing the eyebrows and facial texture outline. For example, Guan Yu wiped his red face in the romance of the Three Kingdoms, a Beijing opera. Guan Yu's face is like a heavy jujube, lying silkworm eyebrow, single phoenix eye and seven-star hemorrhoid.
2. Hook your face: draw your eyebrows with a brush dipped in color, fill your face and turn it into a colorful pattern.
Such as: Bao Zheng, a typical civil servant. Just check the bridled eyebrows, not the eye sockets and nose sockets, and check the white meniscus on the forehead, indicating that Bao Zheng will break the Yang and Yin at night. 3. Wipe your face: It means to paint all or part of your face white with a brush dipped in white powder, indicating that such people don't show their true colors. It's a fake face, also called a pink face. For example, Cao Cao in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is an adulterer in Beijing Opera, with a big white face and a white face.
4. Broken face: refers to the mask with asymmetric left and right graphics. There are broken faces on three sides: rubbing, hooking and rubbing. It is a mask with derogatory meaning. Zheng Ziming is a typical figure who uses facial makeup in Beijing Opera.
A complete collection of Peking Opera facial makeup knowledge
Five, Facebook spectrum
The makeup of Beijing opera uses strong colors, which are sketched on the face in the form of strong contrast according to the structure of the face, the direction of muscles and the direction of bones. At the same time, according to the personality, identity, good and evil of different characters, they are combined into many different types of music forms.
In the application and development of Peking Opera facial makeup, about a dozen basic musical forms have been formed. Taking the basic musical form as the program, it provides a general style for the hook method of all kinds of characters, from which countless masks can be evolved.
The following are the main facial expressions.
1. Full face: Take one color as the main tone, exaggerate skin color, and then outline eyebrows, eyes, nose and mouth and fine facial muscles.
2. Three-tile face: also known as "three-tile face", it is a painting that further exaggerates eyebrows, eyes and nose on the basis of the whole face, and draws two eyebrows and one nose with lines. It is divided into "positive three tiles", "pointed three tiles", "waste three tiles" and "old three tiles".
3. Cross frontage: developed from three tile faces, characterized by reducing three colors into one color bar, which is hooked from the moon door to the nose to symbolize the characters. The main color stripes and eye sockets form a cross, hence the name "cross frontage", which is divided into "flower cross gate" and "old cross gate".
4. Six-point face: It is characterized by shrinking the main color of the forehead into colored strips, and the eyebrow shape is exaggerated. White eyebrows account for four tenths, and the main color accounts for six tenths. Also known as the "old face".
5. Painted face: It evolved from the "three-tile face with flowers", retaining the main color and adding auxiliary colors to other parts, with rich colors, diverse compositions and delicate lines, so it is called "painted face".
6. Oblique face: it is mainly used to exaggerate the facial features of associates and thugs, and its appearance is ugly. The characteristic is that the hook method is asymmetric, which gives people a sense of skew.
7. Monk face: "Monk face" is also called "Monk face". It is characterized by waist eye socket, flower nose socket and flower mouth bifurcation, and the forehead is hooked with relic beads or nine points, indicating that Buddhism is ordained.
8. Eunuch face: it is dedicated to showing eunuchs who abuse their powers and harm the people. The color is only red and white, and the form is similar to "full face" and "three-tile face", but it exaggerates the characteristics of eunuchs; Hook a round lamp on your forehead to show that you are castrated and call yourself a Buddhist disciple. The fat lines on the forehead and cheeks show the appearance of pampering.
9. Yuanbao face: The color of forehead and face is different, and it looks like an ingot, so it is called "Yuanbao face". There are three kinds of "ordinary ingot noodles", "inverted ingot noodles" and "flower ingot noodles"
10. Pictographic face: generally used in fairy dramas, the composition and color are based on the image characteristics of each elf and monster, and there is no fixed spectrum. Painting should be like a non-image, not too realistic, pay attention to "meaning outside the pen" and focus on "vivid" so that the audience can see at a glance what kind of monster has been transformed.
1 1. immortal face: developed from "full face" and "three tiles", both of which are used to represent the faces of gods and buddhas, and the composition takes the form of Buddha statues. Give priority to with gold and silver, or add gold and silver lines and color blocks to the auxiliary colors to show sacredness and majesty.
12. Clown face: Also known as "three-faced" or "small-faced", it is characterized by putting a white "tofu block" in the center of the bridge of the nose to express the comic features of the characters in a cartoon way.
13. Small demon face: "Small demon face" shows the characters such as the heavenly generals and small demons in fairy tales. These two kinds of faces are also called "random faces".
14. Hero face: "Hero face" refers not to the faces of outstanding people, but to the faces of teachers who fight boxing sticks and thugs who participate in martial arts.
Sixth, the color of Facebook.
Facebook is a unique plastic art of Facebook in China's national dramas. It is patterned, adding a strong aesthetic effect to the characters with exaggerated colors and endless lines. The facial makeup color is very rich, which can be described as red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple, and all the personality characteristics are revealed in the color. It is personalized.
1. Red face: brave and bloody, such as Guan Yu, Jing Ke and Hou Yi. When expressing others, it often contains irony, indicating a fake good person.
2. White face: sinister, treacherous or stupid, such as Cao Cao, Zhao Gao and Sima Yi. It can also represent the face of a eunuch or an old man.
3. Black face: integrity, full of sense of justice, such as Zhang Fei, Bao Gong, Chong Hei Hu, etc. , also refers to the Yin of Yin and Yang, used for ghosts.
4. Blue face: strong, rough, brave and unruly, such as Dou Erdun, Lei Zhenzi and Lv Meng.
5. Yellow-faced woman: intelligent and brave, fierce and ferocious, good at calculation, such as Dian Wei, Yuwen Chengdou and Tu Sunxing.
6. Green-faced people: brave, tough, irritable, irritable, such as Cheng, Niu Miao, etc. , can also refer to the chivalrous man.
7. Purple face: solemn, steady and full of sense of justice, such as Chang Yuchun, Zhu Yingtai and Xu. It can also mean that you look pale or ugly.