1, from Zijichang, Liang Ma, and Yicheng, Xiangyang (now Yicheng, Hubei). Ma Liang has five brothers, all of whom are very talented and famous. There is a proverb in the village for them, which is called "the horse family has five permanent members, and the white eyebrows are the best." Ma Liang has white hair on his eyebrows, so people call him that.
2. Follow Liu Bei. In the 14th year of Jian 'an (209), Liu Bei was appointed as a shepherd in Jingzhou and recruited Ma Liang as the state.
3. Sixteen years of Jian 'an (2 1 1 year). Liu Bei entered Shu, followed by Zhuge Liang. Ma Liang stayed in Jingzhou and wrote to Zhuge Liang: "I heard that Luocheng has been captured by us, which is a blessing from heaven; Dear brother, you have adapted to the current situation, seized the opportunity and helped develop the country's cause. The light of wisdom has appeared. It is not easy to think flexibly and judge things clearly, so it is necessary to choose the right talents. If we can be far-sighted, benevolent people can reach the sky, make people listen attentively to their words, and everyone in the world can listen to their words, and correct the voices of Zheng and Wei with exquisite music, it will be beneficial to all undertakings and cannot interfere with each other. This is the stunt of orchestral performance, and it is also the cooperation between Yu Boya and Shi Kuang. Although I am not a generation of Zhong Ziqi, I have to applaud it! " Liu Bei recruited Ma Liang as the left general.
4. Go to Soochow. Later, Ma Liang was ordered to send a special envoy to Wu Dong. He said to Zhuge Liang: "Today, I accepted the order of the imperial court to reconcile the friendly relations between the two countries. I hope you can introduce me to General Sun Quan. " Zhuge Liang and Ma Liang personally drafted this document. Ma Liang immediately drafted and said: "Ma Liang, a special official of the Chinese monarch, went to visit and continued to promote the alliance between Kunwu and Qianwei. The bearer is a scholar. He was an official in Jingchu. There are few rashness and recklessness, but there are comprehensive virtues. I hope I can accept it and complete my mission with altruism. " Sun Quan read the letter and received him very respectfully.
5. Being killed. In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, established the Shuhan regime, and appointed Ma Liang as assistant. In the second year of Zhangwu (222), Liu Bei invaded Wu Dong and sent Ma Liang to woo Wu Ximan's ministries in Wuling area. The leaders of various ministries received the seal of Shu Han and replied to Liu Bei in succession. In June of the same year, Liu Bei was defeated in the battle of Yiling, and Ma Liang was also killed. Liu Bei appointed Ma Bing, the son of Ma Liang, as the captain on horseback.
6. Ma Liang and Zhuge Liang have a good relationship. This can be seen from two things: Zhuge Liang went to Shu with Liu Bei, and Ma Liang wrote to Zhuge Liang that Luocheng (now Guanghan County, Sichuan Province) had been captured, and my brother wanted to make great achievements and advance with victory. On this basis, people speculate that he and Zhuge Liang are brothers or related by blood. Zhuge Liang is old, so he calls Liang his brother.
7. Ma Liang was ordered to go to Soochow. He asked Zhuge Liang to write a recommendation letter to Sun Quan, and Zhuge Liang asked him to draft and sign it himself. The last two sentences hope that Sun Quan will "calm down and be patient to comfort his life". After reading the letter, Sun Quan respected him very much.
8. Both of these stories are recorded in The History of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu and Zhuge Liang Chuan. This can already explain Ma Liang's role and position in Shu. In fact, there is another thing that can better explain Zhuge Liang's feelings for Ma Liang. That is the story of "crying and beheading Ma Su" in the future. Zhuge was cautious all his life, preferring to waste rather than longitudinal in employing people. For example, he was very harsh and cautious about Wei Yan, but he made a major mistake on the Ma Su issue, probably because of his deep affection with his brother Ma Liang (who died six years ago).
9. The first year of Zhangwu (AD 22 1). In retaliation for Wu Dong's killing of Guan Yu, Liu Bei brazenly launched the "Yiling War" against Wu Dong. Being familiar with the customs of four counties in southwest Jingzhou, Liu Bei sent him to Wuling to help Shu cut Wu, which was highly valued by Liu Bei. Later, in the battle of Yiling, Liu Bei was defeated and Ma Liang was killed at the age of 36.
10, Chen Shou's reflection on Ma Liang. "Dong He leads with the lamb, Liu Ba follows the Clean and Honest Festival, and Zhen Shi calls it Lingshi, Chen, and he benefits from old age. Dong Yun Kuang is a master, and his intention is color, all of which are good for Shu ministers."
The above is about how Ma Liang died.