Speaking of quadrangles in the north, we are no strangers. For example, quadrangles in Beijing, farmhouses often seen in the TV series "Country Love" and Shanxi merchants' courtyards such as the Qiao Family Courtyard are actually very common for the north. But not much in the south. What is the reason?
Tracing back to the source, the Central Plains is the birthplace of Chinese civilization. Therefore, the official building system will affect the way of building houses in the surrounding areas (all located in the north). As early as guiding Duke Luo (Zhou Gong's younger brother, referring to the construction of Luoyang), it was stipulated in the famous "Zhou Li Kao" that the capital city should be built. "Artisans camp in the country, nine miles away, and there are three gates next to it. Nine meridians, nine latitudes and nine tracks in junior high school. Zuo zu you she, facing the market outlook. The city is a lady. " In this sentence, Fang Jiuli and Xiasanmen mean to build a city wall.
As we all know, China has a vast territory, and the climate between north and south is quite different. The south is generally hot and humid, while the north is cold and dry. This climate difference leads to architectural differences. In the southern countryside, although it is a two-story building, the first floor is usually a living room or warehouse, where some sundries are put. On the contrary, the second floor is the real place to live.
This is also because the first floor is too humid, and it is very harmful for people to live in this environment for a long time. But the north is different. Even if there is only one floor, it won't be very wet and dry, and people can live in it. Therefore, from the perspective of climate, more than two floors of buildings should be built in rural areas in the south.
Most rural buildings in southern China have no yards. The main reason is that there are a lot of people and little land, and the population density is high, and most of the land is used as cultivated land. If every family has a yard, there will be a lot of land used as a yard, which will affect the cultivated land area.
Once again, it is because of geographical factors. Most of the mountains and hills in the south are not that big, so it is not easy to build a yard.
The third is that the temperature outside the south is high, and the role of the yard is not too great. Most people are indoors at ordinary times, and there is not much activity in the outdoor yard. And there is a lot of rain, so things like food can't be stored outdoors. There is a fence, which is not conducive to drainage in rainy days.
Fourth, without a yard, an open house is more conducive to ventilation.
No matter the quadrangle in the north or the studio in the south, people created it according to the local climate and geographical environment, which is the crystallization of wisdom. Each has its own advantages and is a natural choice for better survival.