[2] Reese: (Before? ~ 208 BC) At the end of the Warring States Period, he was born in Shangcai (now Shangcai County, Henan Province). Learn the Art of Emperors from the famous thinker Xun Kuang with Han Fei. In 247 BC, Chu entered Qin, which was highly valued by the king of Qin and was honored as a guest of honor, which played an important role in Qin Shihuang's unification of China. After the reunification of Qin, the official to the prime minister, Qin Shihuang adopted his idea of establishing a county system, unified the characters based on Xiao Zhuan, unified the weights and measures, burned books to pit Confucianism and banned books. In Qin Ershi, doctor Zhao Gao was framed and imprisoned for "rebellion" and was beheaded in Xianyang. Li Si's articles preserved to this day are all included in Historical Records and Biography of Li Si. There are three articles altogether: The Book of Persuasion and Expulsion, On the Duty of Supervisors and The Book of Going to Qin Ershi in Prison.
[3] Miao Gong: Qin Mugong, the monarch of Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned from 657 BC to 62 BC1year, and was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.
[4]: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man from the State of Jin who was exiled to the State of Qin by Rong, and was sent to the State of Qin by Rong's orders. Qin Mugong devises between Yu Yu and Rong Wang and accepts him as a consultant. Later, Yu Yu helped the State of Qin to destroy the Twelve Jungle States, and its territory stretched for thousands of miles. Rong: a general term for ethnic minorities in the west in ancient times.
[5] Bai Xixi: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a Chu native who was Yu's doctor. After Jin destroyed the danger, she entered Qin Wei as a maid. Then he fled to Chu and was captured. Qin Mugong heard that he was virtuous, so he redeemed him with five pieces of black sheepskins (which were used to redeem a slave at that time), and appointed him as the phase, which was the later five doctors. Wan: A famous Chu, in Nanyang City, Henan Province.
[6] Shu Qi (Ji m￡n Jane): During the Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Qin State (now the northeast of Qishan, Shaanxi Province) lived in Song State and was a good friend of Baijila. On Prissy's recommendation, Uncle Jian was hired to be a doctor in the State of Qin.
[7] Pi Bao: the son of Pi Zheng, a doctor of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin killed his father, and Xi Bao fled to Qin. Mu Gong appointed him as a general, attacked Jin, captured eight cities, and captured Jin Gonghui. Gong: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a strange man in the State of Qin whose name was Jin. Qin Mugong hired him as a consultant and doctor.
[8] There are also: annexation and merger. Twenty: It refers to many small countries in western China.
[9] Xiao Gong: Qin Xiaogong, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, reigned from 36/kloc-0 BC to 338 BC. Shang Yang: During the Warring States period, he was a patriotic man named Yang, so he got his name because Qin sealed him to do business. He served for ten years and reformed twice, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify the six countries.
[10] King Hui: King Qin Huiwen, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, reigned from 337 BC to 33 BC1year. Zhang yi: During the Warring States Period, wei ren was named Qin Xiang by King Huiwen. He used Lian Heng's plan to destroy the alliance of the six countries, so that Qin could conquer them one by one.
[1 1] Pull: capture. Land of Sanchuan: It belonged to North Korea at that time. South of the Yellow River and east of Lingbao in Henan Province, there are Yellow River, Luoshui and Yishui, so it is called "Sanchuan".
[12] Ba and Shu: two small countries at that time. Pakistan is in the east of today's Sichuan Province, and Shu is in the west of today's Sichuan Province.
[13] Shang Jun: Wei Jun's name is in the northwest of Shaanxi province. In 328 BC, King Huiwen sent Gongzi Hua and Zhang Yi to attack Wei, and fifteen counties above Wei offered Qin for peace.
[14] Hanzhong: During the Warring States Period, Chu was located in the south of Shaanxi Province and the northwest of Hubei Province. In 3 13 BC, Zhang Yi tricked Chu into breaking diplomatic relations with Qi. The following year, the Chu army was defeated in Danyang, and 80,000 people were beheaded. Then, it captured 600 Li of Chu and Hanzhong, and set up Hanzhong County.
[15] package: contains. Jiuyi: A minority of Chu at that time. Nine, empty index.
[16] system: control. Yan (yān cigarette): Chu, in the southeast of Yicheng County, Hubei Province. Ying (yǐng): The capital of Chu, in the north of jiangling county, Hubei.
[17] Elevation (gāo height): Also known as Hulao Pass, in Xishui Town, Xingyang, Henan Province, it was an important military position in ancient times.
[18] Six countries: Han, Wei, Yan, Zhao, Qi and Chu. From: a strategy of forming a United front with the "vertical" and the six eastern countries to resist Qin.
[19] Shi (Yi): continued.
[20] "Wang Zhao" three sentences: refers to Zhao Xiang, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period. (J. Langhou and Hua are two younger brothers of Queen Xuan, the mother of King Zhao. They practiced dictatorship in Korea. Fan Ju persuaded Zhao Haoqi to abolish the Empress Dowager and Empress Dowager Cixi. Fan Ju put forward the strategy of "making friends far away and attacking near", and defeated the soldiers of Korea, Zhao and Wei in repeated battles, and the State of Qin became stronger and stronger.
[2 1] Du: Stop. Private door: Compared with public office, this refers to the nobles and giants such as Yan Hou and Hua Yangjun.
[22] Item: Originally, at that time. Make: if. Nei (nà): it was called "Na" in ancient times and included.
[23] to: to. Kunshan: Kunlun Mountain. According to legend, Hotan at the northern foot of Kunlun Mountain produces beautiful jade.
[24] Bao He Sui and Harmony: refers to the ruler of the Sui Dynasty and the Choi.
[25] clothing: wear. Tai 'a (Yi): Legend has it that the name of the sword was cast by Ou Yezi, a famous soldier of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period.
[26] Qianli: The name of an ancient horse.
[27] established: upright. Yufeng Banner: A phoenix-shaped flag decorated with kingfisher feathers.
[28] Tree: Settings. Chug: commonly known as "pig's woman dragon", a kind of crocodile, whose skin can be used to make drums with a loud voice.
[29] Bi: A round jade with a hole in the middle. Under the lobbying of Zhang Yi, the king of Chu sent messengers to dedicate the night light jade to the king of Qin.
[30] Rhinoceros: An object made of rhinoceros horn and ivory. Hao: Rare treasures.
[3 1] Zheng Wei's daughter: At that time, people thought that there were many beautiful women in Zheng Wei, which generally referred to the beautiful women of all countries here.
[32]:(juétívertible): the name of a fine horse. Outer stable (Lao Ji): A stable outside the palace.
[33] Painter: Pigment for painting. Not adopted: Not adopted.
[34] Chen Xia: The place where gifts and concubines were displayed under the steps of ancient temples.
[35] Wanzhu hairpin (zān): a hairpin decorated with pearls produced in Wandi.
[36] Fortune 2: Earrings inlaid with pearls. Fu: Same as "attached", attached. Ji: round beads. Er: earrings.
[37] White silk.
[38] When in Rome, do as the Romans do: With the change of fashion, dress elegantly and beautifully.
[39] Urn: Pottery with a small mouth and a big belly, which can be used to draw water or hold wine and water. (fǒu no): earthenware, with a small mouth and a big belly, slightly different from an urn, which can draw water or hold wine and water. This refers to the use of urns and hammers as percussion instruments to express the rhythm of music.
[40] Zheng: a plucked instrument, shaped like a harp. Pat (bi): Pat the thigh.
[4 1] Zheng and Wei: The country name is famous for its popular emerging national music. Sang Jian: It was a place where men and women of Wei gathered to sing at that time, and later it was synonymous with local folk music.
[42] Yu Shao: Shun Le Ming. Wu Xiang: Zhou. On the other hand, Yu Shao and Shunshi's dance music. Five Spices is Zhou Wuwang's dance music.
[43] Give up and refuse.
[44] Four seasons: Four seasons. Full of beauty: refers to a rich and beautiful life.
[45] Five Emperors: The legendary ancient emperors generally refer to the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu (zhuān xū) and Yao Shun. Three Kings: Generally speaking, Yu Xia, Shang Tang and Zhou Wenwang.
[46] Thousands of hands: the title of Qin rulers to the people. Money: black. In ancient times, ordinary people wrapped their heads in black towels, so it was called.
[47] Industry princes: Make the princes achieve great things.
[48] Borrow: Borrow. Cole: Enemies, invaders. Soldier: Weapons. Ji (jρ machine): Give things to people.
Loss: impairment. Benefits: increase.
translate
I heard that an official suggested that you expel all the guests. Personally, I think it is wrong to do so.
Once upon a time, I looked for a wise man, hired people from the west, introduced the Wandi person Prissy from the east, welcomed Uncle Jian from the Song people, and invited the Jin people to be brave and fair. None of these five wise men grew up in the state of Qin, but Mu Gong attached great importance to them, annexed twenty vassal states, and finally dominated Xirong. Qin Xiaogong adopted the laws formulated by Wei Shangyang and changed the folk customs. As a result, the people are prosperous, the country is rich and strong, the people are willing to serve the country, and the governors are close to submission. They captured the army of Chu and Wei and seized thousands of miles of land. So far, this country is peaceful and powerful. King Hui of Qin adopted Ren Wei's plan of Zhang Yi to seize the land of Sanchuan, with Ba and Shu in the west, Shang Jun in the north and Hanzhong in the south, annexed many areas inhabited by ethnic minorities in Chu, controlled Juancheng and Du Ying in the east, and divided fertile land, thus disintegrating the vertical and horizontal alliance of the six countries and making them face to face. Zhao Haoqi of Qin got Fan Ju of Ren Wei, abolished Anghou, exiled Hua Yangjun, strengthened the power of the royal family, put an end to the affairs of rich people, and gradually annexed the weather like silkworms eating mulberry leaves, which made Qin achieve imperial career. These four monarchs have made great achievements by relying on the strength of Ke Qingshi. From this perspective, what did Ke Qing do for Qin? If these four monarchs refuse to accept the guest secretary and alienate the wise men without appointment, the country will lose its rich material foundation and Qin will lose its strong reputation.
Now, your majesty, you have the beautiful jade produced in Kunlun Mountain, the treasures of the Empress of Sui Dynasty and Choi, pearls as bright as the moon, Tai 'an sword, riding a fine horse, erecting a flag of phoenix-shaped ornaments woven with jade feathers and a drum made of A-ling's skin. None of these treasures are made in Qin, but you like them. Why? If only things produced by Qin can be used, jade that can shine at night can't be decorated in the imperial court, objects carved with rhinoceros horns and ivory can't be viewed, beautiful women of Zheng and Wei can't fill the harem, all kinds of BMW horses can't fill the stables outside, gold and tin utensils produced in Jiangnan can't be used, and painters produced in western Sichuan can't be used as painting pigments. Therefore, anything used to decorate the harem, as a concubine and make people feel happy must be produced by the State of Qin before it can be used. Then, the hairpins made of pearls, earrings inlaid with pearls, clothes made of East Asian silk and colorful embroidery decorations produced in Wandi will not appear in front of you, but people who are good at dressing themselves up with fashion changes. Those who beat the pots, beat the pots, play the Qin Zheng, clap their thighs and sing softly, their ears feel happy. This is the real Qin music. Zheng, Wei, Sang Jian, Wu Xiang are all foreign music. Now, you give up knocking on pottery pots and accept Zheng and Wei's music, and give up playing Zheng's songs. Why? It is nothing more than putting things that make people feel happy in front of them, and always choosing the one that is most suitable for viewing. This is not the case with recruiting talents now. No matter whether they are talented or not, no matter what their achievements are, as long as they are not Qin people, they will not be used at all. Those who come to Qin to be your guests will be fired. In this way, you value beauty, music, jewelry and jade, but you despise talent. This is by no means a master plan to unify the world and control the climate.
It is said that vast land will produce a lot of food; A powerful country has a large population; People with good weapons are brave. Therefore, Mount Tai does not reject tiny sand, which makes it look tall. Rivers and seas do not exclude small streams, so they are deep and wide now; As a king, he does not exclude many people and treats them equally, so he can make his virtue reflected in the world. Therefore, regardless of land, east and west, north and south, people regardless of foreign countries, beautiful scenery all year round, ghosts and gods are also blessed, which is why the five emperors and three kings are invincible in the world. Now you want to abandon the people and send them to support hostile countries; Reject all foreign guests and let them make contributions to the vassal state; It makes the wise men in the world look away from the west and stop at the footsteps of entering the state of Qin. This is what people call "lending weapons to the enemy and giving food to the thief".
The article is not produced in Qin, but it is worth cherishing a lot; Smart people didn't grow up in Qin, but many of them are willing to work for Qin. At present, it is impossible to make the country safe if we want to expel the distinguished guests and help the enemy, reduce our own people, increase the enemy's strength, weaken ourselves at home and make enemies with the princes abroad.