Tai Ping Guang Ji (976- 1983). According to the records in the book, when it was invented in the 7th century, the instruments used to draw water from rivers, lakes and ponds were orderly buckets, various rollover vehicles (keel waterwheels, Figure 2), pipe trucks, thirsty animals (siphons), crane drinks and so on. Manual rollover and foot rollover (excerpted from the book of agricultural politics) were improved by Ma Jun during the Three Kingdoms period. Later, cattle tippers, water tippers and pneumatic tippers were developed. The water turning drum is equipped with a water wheel on the river bank, and the lower part of the water wheel is immersed in the water flow and driven by water power. Several bamboo tubes arranged around the waterwheel ring bring water to the top in turn, and the water flows to the sink. This is a water lifting tool written by Liu Tang Yuxi (772-842).

Longing for Black was also written by Bi Lan. Wang Ming's mini-book (illustrations of newly-made vessels) contains pictures and illustrations of "Siphon" and "Crane Drink". Harvesting, threshing and cleaning tools had a serrated blade stone sickle in the cultural site in 4900 BC, and by 2800 BC, a clam knife appeared again. However, it is not widely used. Iron inlay began to appear in the Warring States Period and was widely used in the Western Han Dynasty. Later, many different types of harvesting tools were developed. In the agricultural book _, there are money, ai, deer lotus, lotus retreat and whole wheat. There are also pickaxes for harvesting potatoes, crochets for harvesting cotton stalks, wedges for mowing grass and firewood, and so on. Threshing and cleaning devices include flail, stone plate phosphorus, fan car, etc. Flail was invented in the Spring and Autumn Period. In Wang Zhen's agricultural works,

It is worth mentioning that fans, also known as windmill or mill fans, were invented in the Western Han Dynasty. The earliest equipment for processing agricultural products and grains was a stone mill (taken from Agricultural Administration Book) and a roller bar. Stone mills were unearthed in the ruins of the late Paleolithic period, which showed that people used this equipment to process the collected grains long before the birth of agriculture. They were unearthed in the 4900 site before 5500 BC.

The instruments used in agricultural production in China from ancient times to the middle of Qing Dynasty were called farm tools or field implements in ancient books. In addition to what is contained in ancient books, many ancient agricultural tools have been unearthed in archaeological excavations, including those from different periods before written records. A large number of ancient agricultural tools unearthed in various places show that as early as 6000 BC, 5000 years before the Neolithic Age, with the birth of primitive agriculture, simple and rough stone agricultural tools, mussels, pottery and so on appeared. Appeared. Iron farm tools were widely used in the late spring and autumn of the 5th century BC. By the Song and Yuan Dynasties from 10 to 14, there were 300 kinds of farm tools suitable for different areas, such as land reclamation, sowing, intertillage, harvesting and threshing, processing, sericulture and boat racing.

The varieties of farmers are uncut, front, front, mirror (shovel), town, chromium, pole, plow, rake, second, powder, sugar, cover, barrier, monument, scraper and so on. Stone shovels, bone shovels and bone meal were unearthed in the cultural sites of 3300 years before 5500 BC. In the cultural sites from 2900 BC to 2800 BC, there are traces of unearthed double-toothed wood. This intermittent action is gradually replaced by a continuous human plow. In the Yin Dynasty, it was gradually replaced by animal-drawn plows. By the Spring and Autumn Period, animal-drawn plows had been widely used. At the beginning of the Warring States period, there was an iron plow birch, and at the end of the Warring States period, there was a plow wall. It was written by Lu Guimeng in the Tang Dynasty in the 9th century.

This paper describes a kind of animal-drawn plow with quite complete structure (see birch plow). Sowing and planting equipment includes floor for drilling holes, indigo plants for hole sowing, acid and tablet trucks for compacting soil after sowing, seedling horses for pulling out and inserting rice seedlings, etc. Floor, also known as floor car or plow, is the earliest drilling machine in the world.

In Wang Zhen's book (agricultural book), there is also a dung button, which is planted after seeds are mixed with sieved fine dung or silkworm excrement. This is the earliest fertilizer seeder. The seeder (Figure L) is also found in Wang Zhen's book (agricultural book), and the solitary seeder (taken from Wang Zhen's book) has been used as a hole sowing tool since the beginning of14th century. Early ploughing uses animal power to press hoes; Manual intertillage weeding tools in paddy field, such as claws and swings. Stone hoes appeared in Longshan cultural site, and iron hoes appeared in the Warring States period. As for the record of making hoes,