1, five-core disk

Beginning of spring has a long history of eating spring cakes. It is reported that eating five kinds of spices (five kinds of spices: garlic, leek, mustard and coriander) on the first day of the Six Dynasties made people angry after eating them in spring. Now Yangzhou people also eat five kinds of condiments in spring: fresh onion, leek, garlic sprout, radish and coriander. In the early Tang dynasty, cakes and lettuce were put on a plate, which was called spring plate. They are also called Pan Xin because of their relationship with the Five-Heart Disc. In the Song Dynasty, they were called spring cakes, and now they are also called pancakes, lotus leaf cakes and chip cakes.

2. Spring disc

The "Spring Cuisine" in Yuan Dynasty consists of more than ten kinds of raw materials, such as noodles, mutton, tripe and lung, egg pancakes, ginger, mushrooms, hot pepper buds and rouge. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, besides cakes and lettuce, they also ate radishes, indicating that they could get rid of the spring sleep. The whole new tasting activity is called "Biting Spring".

Step 3 eat spring rolls

Spring rolls, also known as spring cakes and pancakes, are popular traditional snacks in Fuzhou with a long history and evolved from ancient spring cakes. Eating spring rolls at the beginning of spring is an ancient custom in China, which means welcoming spring and expecting a bumper harvest. The earliest record is biting spring and eating spring cakes. People in beginning of spring should eat some fresh vegetables on this day, not only to prevent diseases, but also to welcome the Spring Festival. Tang's "Four Seasons Baojing" records: "beginning of spring eats reed, spring cake and lettuce, and there is no' dish'." It can be seen that people in the Tang Dynasty have begun to try spring vegetables and eat spring cakes. The so-called spring cake, also called lotus leaf cake, is actually a kind of pancake with hot soup noodles-two small pieces of water with oil in the middle are put together to make pancakes, which can be peeled into two pieces after cooking to roll vegetables.

Step 4 stir-fry vegetables

With spring cakes, there are naturally dishes. The so-called harmony vegetable is to shred, mix or stir-fry seasonal vegetables such as leeks, bean sprouts and dried mushrooms. If mixed, blanch the bean sprouts with water, cook the dried vermicelli, hook it with starch, vinegar and soy sauce to make juice, and mix the shredded vegetables with the juice. If you want to stir-fry, put shredded pork, shredded egg skin, mung bean sprouts, dried bean curd, vermicelli, spinach or leek into a pot and stir-fry until cooked. Note that you can add shredded sea cucumber, shredded belly, shredded mushroom and shredded ham, which will taste better and be more nutritious.

Step 5 eat carrots

In many places, beginning of spring is also called "biting spring". In the early spring in the north, the most representative food is radish. Eating radish can be divided into many forms, such as chewing, slicing, shredding, stuffing and so on. Liu Ruoyu, an Amin scholar, recorded in The History of the Ming Dynasty: By the next day in beginning of spring, all people, regardless of rank, were chewing radish, which was called "biting spring"; In the Qing Dynasty, "Yanjing Nianji" recorded that women and others bought more radishes to eat, saying that they could be sleepy in spring. Eating radish can not only alleviate the spring sleep, but also enhance women's reproductive function. Beginning of spring radish is also called "offspring radish".

Second, beginning of spring customs

Beat spring cattle

There is a kind of spring cattle made of Sang Mu as the skeleton, which is a "cow" specially used for the custom of "beating spring cattle". On the morning after the winter solstice, people use clay to synthesize clay blank and carve it into the shape of a cow. Draw a pattern at 4: 08 and 360 days 12 hours. The day before the start of spring, officials and people offered sacrifices on the agreed agricultural altar. Later, the county deacon (county magistrate) personally whipped the "spring cow" to show the beginning of spring ploughing. Then, the masses began to plow the fields. Playing "Spring Cattle" while plowing, shouting: a dozen "good weather"; Two dozen copies of National Peace and Security; There are three dozen auspicious words, such as "the grain is abundant".

winter jasmine

In order to welcome the spring, we should first choose a land with good feng shui in the suburbs of the county and set up a "spring shed" to prepare for the Spring Festival. Spring sheds are generally set on major traffic routes to facilitate the gathering of people. Put colorful flags around.

The Spring Festival is held on the same day in beginning of spring. The specific time is based on the almanac, sometimes during the day and sometimes at midnight. Spring Festival activities are generally carried on the parade of Spring Officials in the mighty ceremonial procession, which is unparalleled in the style of demonstration. There are also steamed buns and Emma, dressed in robes and jackets, or all kinds of strange clothes, sitting on the wooden poles carried by the two of them, playing and playing, which makes people laugh.

The team of Yingchun gathered in front of the shed from all directions, and then went to the county government to announce the good news of Yingchun.

Spring outing announces spring.

After celebrating the good news of the Spring Festival, we started our spring trip. The gongs and drums teams and honor guards of the villages and clubs walked in front, and the huge statue of spring cattle carried by four or eight people walked behind. Walking and jumping, gongs and drums are loud and firecrackers are ringing. The parade was huge and spectacular. Go through villages, streets and alleys.

After entering the spring outing field (review field), the spring outing team swam around the field twice, and then lined up to stand on the arranged field. At this time, the magistrate of a county was respectfully invited to sit in the spring shed and held a ceremony to announce that spring had arrived. According to the traditional custom, there is a newspaper station, wearing strange clothes and holding a red and yellow flag. The first newspaper on the stage-"Good weather", the masses echoed in unison; The second newspaper, The Harvest of Grains, was echoed by the masses. The third newspaper, Peace and Prosperity, was echoed by the masses again. Everyone who comes to the newspaper has a reward.

Hu Chunniu

The custom of sticking spring cattle began before the beginning of spring. According to the traditional practice, the county government (county government) hired experts and craftsmen in paper binding to get together in the county town before the spring, and carefully made images of spring cattle. Generally, bamboo sticks are tied into the skeleton of a cow, spring wood is used as legs, paper is pasted and paint is applied, and the image of a cow is successfully made. It is said that a lot of red and yellow papers were posted on it, and that year was a "bumper harvest"; Paste on black paper, the harvest was not good that year. So the magistrate arranged to win people's hearts with red and yellow paper. After the spring cattle were pasted, a ceremony was held to make the finishing point, that is, an incense table was set up and a bow was made to worship.

Tieyichun calligraphy and painting

Spring is coming, and it is the custom of Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty to stick Yichun calligraphy and painting on the door wall. According to records, at the beginning of spring, Chang 'an people in the Tang Dynasty often posted calligraphy and painting on their doors, with the words "Yichun" and "Yichun painting" on them. Such as "Spring Festival", "Happy Spring", "Beautiful Spring" and "Blooming in Spring". Others put messages of wishes on the lintel to express their wish to welcome the spring. People who can draw often draw wintersweet on the lintel.