It deserves to be a Catholic country. The main themes of Italian classical painting are religious murals and altar paintings. Topics are limited to portraits of Sancta familia members and the twelve disciples, newspapers of the Virgin Mary, Jesus' removal of the cross, the Virgin Mary's mourning for Christ, newspapers of the ascension of the Virgin Mary, the ascension of Christ, the creator of God, the last supper and the last judgment. All the paintings handed down are related to the above theme to some extent. There are too many cases in art galleries, churches and museums. But there are many eye-catching works. The first one is giotto di bondone 1266- 1337, who is known as "the father of the Renaissance" and "the father of European painting". What makes Giotto different is that the characters in Giotto's paintings swept away the old Byzantine rigid and outdated ways and began to use real people as models, so the virgin, son and disciples in his paintings became flesh and blood. The contemporary poet Dante once mentioned Giotto's teacher's insight into Giotto's story in the Divine Comedy "Purgatory".
This painting was shot at Uffizi Art Museum in Florence and made at 1295- 1330. Although it is not Giotto's masterpiece, we can also see the characteristics of Giotto's paintings. Siena is a city in Tuscany, comparable to Florence. Unlike Giotto in Florence, the painters in Siena tried to inject new life into the ancient Byzantine style. Among them, simone Martini and Lipo Memmie created the altar mosaic print "Messenger of the Virgin", with long lines, soft curves and exquisite and elegant layout. This is the most beautiful painting I have ever seen with the theme of Notre Dame. Incredibly, this painting is not in Siena, but in the Uffizi Art Museum in Florence.
/kloc-Florence artists in the second half of the 5th century devoted themselves to solving the problem of rigidity and symmetry in painting, among which sandro botticelli sandro botticelli1446-1510 is the most famous. The famous medici family often entrusts this painter to paint. The most famous works "The Birth of Venus" and "Spring" are said to be the most famous "luxury goods" in medici family. In uffizi, there is a Botticelli Pavilion dedicated to Botticelli's works, so people can see it all at once.
After the Turks occupied Constantinople, Florence opened its doors to Byzantine intellectuals and mainstream Greek culture. Under the pressure of the Turkish Empire, the painting theme flowed to the direction of classical culture. Among them, The Birth of Venus occupies a very high position in the history of painting and is the pinnacle of Botticelli and Florence's neo-Platonism. Venus appeared on the sea, stood on the shell symbolizing women, and was blown to the sea with the help of Fengshen. Pink roses flew by and the sea was sparkling. When Venus was about to land, the goddess of seasons around Myrtle covered her with flowers. His Venus is so beautiful, and her expression is so naive that we ignore the unreasonable parts of her, which makes people feel that she is an infinitely feminine and beautiful woman and a gift from heaven to the world.
The painting "The Birth of Venus" seen in the art museum is much softer than expected, not glittering. By contrast, Botticelli's Spring is my favorite work. This painting is also centered on Venus, but Venus's dress here is a little simpler than the people around her. On the far right of the picture are Fengshen, Flower God and Forest Goddess. Cupid's archery on Venus's head points to three graces, and on the far left is Hermes, the messenger of the gods and the god of music. There are more than 170 kinds and more than 500 kinds of flowers in the picture, all of which are the works of masters. The beauty, vitality and excitement of spring seem to overflow the picture, making people feel like they are in such a forest and sea of flowers, willing to indulge in it and unwilling to go out for a long time.
In addition to the above two most famous paintings, Botticelli's other paintings "Athena and Centaur" and "pallas and Ken Taulos", Athena has an elegant face and a spirited body, and even Ken Taulos was inspired by her beauty and felt ashamed. Athena's facial expression is full of sadness, or pity, with a different aesthetic feeling, and she deserves to be called the patron saint of medici family.
Botticelli lived in the next century after 15. His early years were the most famous period of Italian art and one of the greatest moments in the whole history. As Gombrich said, "People can't explain why there are geniuses. When trying to explain the existence of genius, it is better to enjoy the happiness that genius brings us. " 16th century is the so-called high Renaissance in the heyday of the Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and Titian of the Florentine School all appeared in this period.
In my eyes, only Da Vinci can be called a real genius. Some people joked that he was a traveler of that era. Although it is a famous "drag king" on the painting list, it is often dragged without the following, so there are many unfinished paintings. Uffizi exhibited several of his unfinished paintings. As you can imagine from the shadow of the picture, if The Doctor Came to Korea is completed, it will also be a magical work that shocked the world, and the unfinished painting seems to have magic power, leaving countless imagination spaces for future generations.
The finished painting "Messenger of the Virgin Mary" is really a magical painting. It is introduced that we should start from the right front of the painting, and then gradually move to the left to watch. No matter from which angle, the corners, doors, trees in the background and mountains and rivers in the distance behind the Virgin Mary have a three-dimensional sense of magic. Almost all painters have painted the Virgin Mary, but Leonardo da Vinci is the most special and unlike religious paintings.
Michelangelo Buonarroti is 23 years younger than Da Vinci and is recognized as a sculpture genius by the world. At the age of 30, he was recognized as one of the most outstanding masters. The Pope commissioned him to paint the vault of the Sistine Chapel, which made Michelangelo's outstanding talent in the field of painting. In the Vatican Museum, only the Sistine Chapel is forbidden to take pictures. Although so many tourists crowded the chapel that many staff had to constantly guide the road, I still watched the lecture for more than 40 minutes. Fortunately, I found a place on the rest benches on both sides, sat with the white-haired old man and stared at the magnificent masterpiece that the master had painted alone on the guillotine for four years.
Here I quote Gombrich's comment: Since the ancient Greek master, no one has observed and described the muscle interaction like him. However, if these famous "naked figures" are used to illustrate that he is an outstanding master of art, Then the theme of the Bible depicted in the center of zenith proves far more than that. Artists before Michelangelo in ................................................................................................................................. also painted the scene of Adam lying on the ground and touching God's hand to gain life. However, like Michelangelo, he simply/vividly demonstrated the greatness of the metaphysical meaning of creation, but none of them could get it.
That's absolutely true. The doomsday trial painted by Michelangelo's good friend giorgio vasari151-1574 for the dome of the Cathedral of Our Lady of Domo in Florence is also magnificent and shocking.
Raffaello Sanzio is the youngest of the three masters after the Renaissance. When he mentions Raphael, he always thinks of his Madonna. There are too many Madonna statues in Italy, but after comparison, we will find that no Madonna can be as beautiful, elegant and sacred as Raphael's, which is the embodiment of idealized women in people's minds.
Of course, Raphael's works are not limited to the Madonna, and many of his portraits also have the aura of "divinity" or "idealization".
When Michelangelo just started painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Raphael also accepted the commission of the Pope to decorate the walls of some rooms in the Vatican. The layout and composition of his wet murals are so harmonious, and the overall coordination of movements and forms is full of harmony and diversity.
Raphael and his teacher perugino abandoned the ambition of15th century artists to describe nature faithfully and used a set of imaginary standard beauty types. However, while idealizing, they did not damage the vividness and authenticity of their works at all. Raphael died on his 37th birthday, when the famous cardinal wrote an epitaph for his tomb in the Pantheon in Rome.
This is the tomb of Raphael, the mother of nature. Deep space was conquered by her when she was alive. When he died, he was afraid to die with him