textbook
Teach yourself. First, you should choose a textbook. Textbooks are difficult to use and useful, but they are all relative. Generally speaking, this part of the textbook is excellent, and that part is almost meaningless. If you already have a textbook, then continue to pay attention. Don't listen to others say which textbook is good, and then you buy something else, and you end up buying a bunch of textbooks at home.
At that time, the teaching material used by our major was Korean by Ethnic Publishing House. This book is called Korean, and there are four books. This textbook is the main work of Peking University, and Seoul National University is responsible for supervision and revision. As far as I know, there are still many textbooks for Korean majors in China. When we were studying, there was no CD in the book, but we brought a tape with the book (it was very painful in those days), and now the newly revised version has been equipped with a CD. The first volume of this book has a lot of explanations of pronunciation. The vocabulary given each time is slightly larger, the grammar explanation is quite satisfactory, and some words and idioms are added, which is quite good. Read the text as well.
At that time, we had a conversation class, and the textbook was compiled by Seoul National University and published in Korean by FLTRP. Yes, this book is also called Korean, which is a textbook used by the Language Institute of Seoul National University. Many people have heard of this book, which is characterized by paying more attention to the content of oral dialogue. In fact, I say this because the grammar inside is too general. In addition, some exercises after class can help learners get familiar with sentence patterns by replacing vocabulary, so if they practice frequently, reading more and imitating more will also help oral English.
The New Standard Korean published by New Oriental, including the FLTRP, which is now giving lectures, is of course very different from the latest textbook used by Kyung Hee University. The disadvantage of this kind of teaching material is actually obvious, that is, the listening content does not cover the text, so it will be more painful to learn by yourself. In addition, the difficulty design between the primary and intermediate levels is not in place, and the intermediate level will rise. But to be honest, the current TOPIK exam is also in this way. There are only two tests for reading and listening at the primary level, and they are all multiple-choice questions, which are very simple. As a result, it came up at the middle and advanced difficulty level, and it also required writing. Although this is ok for self-study, it is not recommended here.
In addition, the popular textbooks are standard Korean (blue cover) by Peking University Publishing House, Korean course series introduced by Yonsei University (gray cover) and new version of Yonsei Korean series (color ...).
Standard Korean written by Peking University Publishing House should be earlier than Korean written by Ethnic Publishing House, and it is a textbook co-edited by domestic universities. The difficulty is similar to that of the national publishing house. Personally feel embarrassed to use it. The vocabulary and grammar at the back of the book are mixed together to make an index, which looks very confusing.
Korean Course is published by World Book Publishing Company (World Map for short). This set of books is generally found difficult. This feeling is normal, because the design of the whole set of teaching materials does not consider anything interesting and so on, and there is no practice, which is a bit like "cramming" to tell you everything. However, there are many dry goods in this textbook, especially the fifth and sixth volumes in the back. At the same time, the difficulty has come up and the knowledge points are very rich. If you are determined enough, you can try this one.
"Yanshi Korean" is a relatively new set of teaching materials, and it was also introduced and published by Shitu. In fact, the pronunciation part of this textbook still follows the content of Korean course. The books are full of color pictures, which are quite tall, and the supporting exercises and listening comprehension are also very good. The textbook will first divide the content into large units, and then subdivide the sections in each unit. It will be more comfortable to learn, but for some people, it will be a bit confusing. However, if you take the self-study exam, I recommend this at present. However, my recommendation is also a personal feeling. I still want to go to the bookstore as much as possible, or try to look at it online and feel it.
In addition, there are many textbooks, so I won't talk about them one by one. Generally speaking, they are similar. Basically, there will be some small mistakes in each set of textbooks, and human beings will make mistakes themselves, so we should not be too "neat" and think that any book has some mistakes. The common problem of self-study textbooks is that the grammar is not so detailed and will not be systematically arranged for you. I hope everyone will learn this with a "muddle along" attitude in the early stage, and don't waste too much energy.
Learning steps
First, pronunciation
Really? Just watch the teaching video I made. The explanation of pronunciation in the textbook is really not suitable for self-study. I also made it very clear in the video finishing post about the requirements of voice mastery, not all of them should be mastered. Especially the part of sound change, just look at the most common, and then learn the textbook. After that, I will study while having a meeting. Moreover, you must not wait until you master the pronunciation before learning the textbook. Because you are familiar with pronunciation through the vocabulary and sentences in the textbook, it will get twice the result with half the effort.
Second, the use of textbooks.
After skipping the pronunciation stage of each textbook?
Language learning should be composed of vocabulary, grammar, texts and exercises. Therefore, you should also conquer these contents in the textbook one by one. Here, take Korean by Ethnic Publishing House as an example to illustrate that the use of other teaching materials should also be analogized. The steps here are my personal suggestions, and it doesn't matter if you have other favorite orders.
1. Vocabulary learning
I suggest you spell it yourself first. At this time, your pronunciation may not be proficient. Try not to use Roman characters or pinyin to mark pronunciation. You can refer to the content of pronunciation course. After spelling, if there are words in the listening comprehension of the textbook, follow the tape. It is recommended to wear headphones instead of speakers. But don't listen with headphones for too long, it will hurt your ears. Subsequent reading is like learning to sing. Try to imitate, the more similar the better. When reading aloud, please try to forget the pronunciation habit of your mother tongue and imitate it according to the requirements of Korean and the way in the recording. Some textbooks have no listening part. You can confirm the pronunciation of words through an online dictionary. It will be more troublesome, and some words will not be included in the dictionary. So it is more convenient to choose a set of textbooks with words to read. If you are really lazy, choose a textbook without words to read. Then listen to the pronunciation of those words in the text more carefully.
This part of the study is mainly to let you read grammar explanations and texts smoothly, and you don't have to memorize at this stage. Just get familiar with it, and then arrange time to remember when reviewing and sorting out.
Reminder: When learning words, we must pay attention to their parts of speech, because many applications of Korean are different according to different parts of speech. As for part of speech, you'd better not bother. You'd better look up these basic concepts, and don't blindly apply the experience of Chinese or English to judge the part of speech or the functional usage of various words, because these three languages are not the same language family, and there are great differences.
In addition, there is just an error in the screenshot here? The correct phonetic notation should be [] and []
After learning vocabulary, you can choose to read the text or grammar. The choice here actually depends on the arrangement of teaching materials. If you have a lot of grammar content and supplementary knowledge, it is recommended to read the text first. If the text is particularly long, it is recommended to look at the grammar first. Anyway, solve the simple part first. But my personal habit is to read grammar first, so that I can have a preliminary understanding and then read the text. After I meet in the article, I'll check the grammar explanation. After this cycle several times, it is very helpful for understanding and memory.
Generally, there will be some unfamiliar descriptions in the explanation of grammar. My suggestion is that you should not pursue the understanding of these things 100% in self-study, but summarize the function of this grammar with your own understanding. What you have summarized now is likely to have very serious mistakes. It doesn't matter, just keep correcting it in your future study. The purpose of doing this is to let you learn. In fact, many grammars, including elementary grammar, are very complicated. They may be a definition in a big grammar project, and there may be some restrictions or changes in actual use that are not mentioned in the book. These things can't be entangled until you learn more basic knowledge in the future. This situation includes some grammars that you think are very similar, but you don't know the difference between them. You just mix it first, really. When you read more and have a sense of language, you will naturally know what to use. Or when you have the ability and patience to chew the grammar book at the back, then it will all be solved.
When learning the text, you must first ensure that you can read it. Just like when learning a word, spell it yourself first, and then change it after recording and reading it. A patient friend can choose to record his voice and compare it with the original tape. If you are impatient, try to listen and imitate. After reading it, you understand it, and it is best to understand the meaning of the words correctly. At this time, it should be noted that sometimes what you see in Korean is not necessarily its meaning as an independent word, but may be a component of a grammatical combination. Therefore, just like when learning grammar, we must first understand it through our own induction and be able to justify ourselves. After learning that grammar, you will naturally understand what is going on. Some textbooks will be translated into Chinese according to the text. Don't just look at translation, learn to compare and try to find out what the original part has been translated into. Don't worry too much about "how to translate it into translation" here, because there is always a difference between literal translation and free translation. Then I try to translate Korean into Chinese myself. If my learning ability and patience allow, I will translate Chinese back into Korean. Of course, you can't recite translation as soon as you come up. You can compare it and get familiar with it while comparing it.
4. General textbooks will also involve some exercises. Some exercises are attached with grammar, which can be tried after grammar is finished, and some exercises are based on the text, so do them together after learning the text. Maybe you did some exercises, got the right answer and found yourself wrong, but you don't know why. You can go to Baidu to see. Don't spend too much time. Forget it until Baidu arrives. Study first and write down this mistake. Recite by rote.
After the fourth step is completed, the study of this lesson is not over. Remember to recite the words, read the text carefully, even recite it, and read the grammar again from time to time. Why do you have to read the grammar again from time to time? Because when you learn the things behind, maybe you will realize something new after watching it again. The so-called review the past and learn the new, which is the truth.
Here's a word memorization: first of all, you must write, you must write, you must write. Don't say I take the app back every day. As long as you don't write, I promise you will forget the words. Be sure to copy, but don't copy foolishly, don't copy all the time. Copy it several times, then take out the word list and try to see how many words you remember. Don't copy what you remember. Many people especially like to copy words that they remember well, which is really a waste of time. My method of testing word memory is to cover a piece of paper with Chinese, then write Korean by myself, and do it again in turn. Draw a half tick if you remember, and skip if you continue to copy other words. Do it again when you study the next day, and draw half a tick if you remember. Wait three days or later, and then check when you are not at ease. It's okay to confirm it several times. I can't forget this word. In addition, when you are familiar with the text, it is also useful to remember the words that appear in the text.
Let's talk about reading the text first: reading the text is not just reading it down. You must read the text correctly and skillfully. Korean is a phonetic symbol. If you stammer through the text, you are actually "recognizing pinyin". At most, I can remember Korean vowel consonants and broadcast sounds almost clearly. Textbooks are our study materials, and the texts in them are very valuable study materials. Please pay attention to them.
6. When did you start learning the second lesson? In fact, the first lesson is almost understood. After reciting a round of vocabulary and reading the text, you can have the second lesson. But before entering the third lesson, please make sure that the first lesson has been completely finished. I should learn the first lesson step by step, and then go to learn the second lesson. I know how boring it is on the way to study by myself. You can learn the content behind and taste it first, but you can't build such a high building without laying a good foundation. In addition, some textbooks don't have much content in one class, so you can look back as appropriate, but please make sure that what you have learned in each class is solid. There are many ways to test whether you have learned a solid lesson, such as trying to write the text silently and dictation the text or words with recorded materials. You don't have to think about how much you can apply that knowledge in the early stage. It's just as well to accumulate it first.
In addition, in order to buffer digestion, it is also suggested that you spend some time watching plays, listening to songs and grinding your ears after studying.
7. Some textbooks will have matching workbooks. It is certainly good to have the energy and patience to do it, but to be honest, most people buy it and put it there. I don't think it's necessary. After all, you can learn a lot by memorizing vocabulary and texts. After learning the corresponding basic knowledge, I suggest to consolidate it directly through TOPIK real questions. It is recommended to do the real topic of TOPIK before the reform. At that time, the primary questions were divided into vocabulary grammar, writing, listening and reading, which were much richer than the primary papers with only listening and reading now. Just make about five sets of papers, Yan Yulian 6, make sure everything in the paper is clear and prepare for the later intermediate level.
psychology
In the process of self-study, we should know how to give up and know how to "muddle along". Many students especially like to struggle with the difference between/and/. Let's just say, Korean majors, any school, you pick out the exam, there must be many mistakes. There are still a lot of misuse of students studying in Korea, so they are all doing well at school. You said that when you taught yourself, or at first, you forced yourself to discover all this. What's the point? Moreover, under the condition that the initial context is not sufficient and the basic knowledge of learning is not enough, many things cannot be really understood. Basically, I always advise you not to get into trouble, not only in grammar, but also in pronunciation. You may think that several teachers teach different pronunciations. I think as long as you are a serious teacher, you can learn honestly. When we were studying, the professional teachers were all the same. You really have nothing to worry about. In addition, the actual speaking time is very different from the standard pronunciation of learning. You see, now that you speak Chinese, whose Putonghua is the standard, or you can take a Putonghua test to see if you can reach the highest level. The most important thing for self-study is to ensure that you keep learning new knowledge and that what you have learned is not forgotten. Remember this principle, and you will have less unnecessary entanglements when you teach yourself.