Dogs are human, but they are still wild by nature. There are all kinds of bacteria and viruses in their teeth and saliva. The consequences of rabies virus are the most serious. It invades the human body from the wound, first proliferates in the muscles of the wound, then invades the nerve endings there, spreads along the nerve endings to the central nervous system, and finally gets sick. This is called rabies. If the disease occurs, the mortality rate is almost as high as 100%. According to statistics, 826 people died in 200 1 year, ranking first among all kinds of infectious diseases.
After being bitten by a dog, you must not be careless in wound treatment. Because the dog's teeth are sharp, the wound is deep, most of them are closed, and the shape is complex, which is very suitable for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and easy to cause infection and suppuration, so the wound must be handled correctly. The method is: rinse repeatedly with 20% soapy water or 0. 1% bromogeramine for at least half an hour to break the closed wound, remove the saliva of the dog at the wound as much as possible, and squeeze out dirty blood. After washing, scrub with 75% alcohol or rub with iodine repeatedly. Wounds are usually not stitched or bandaged, so that the residual dirty blood can be discharged smoothly by itself.
Because there is no specific therapy for rabies at present, it is particularly important to prevent rabies. Rabies vaccine must be standardized in addition to properly treating wounds. The purpose is to stimulate the body to produce neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus, so that the two can combine in vivo and terminate the pathogenic effect of the virus. Vaccination of rabies vaccine is an important means to reduce the incidence of rabies. Because of the long incubation period of rabies, rabies virus mainly invades nerve cells, and the antigenicity of rabies vaccine is low, it is necessary for the body to be constantly stimulated by rabies vaccine to produce enough neutralizing antibodies to effectively neutralize the virus and achieve the purpose of prevention.
Therefore, it should be inoculated once on the 0 th, 3 rd, 7 th, 14 th and 30 th day after the bite, and inoculated again on the 90 th day after the severe bite. For people who have been bitten by a large area, especially in nerve-rich parts such as head and neck, fingers and feet, anti-rabies immune serum or anti-rabies immunoglobulin should be injected locally around the wound to prevent the spread of the virus.