Spring Festival is the largest and most lively folk festival with ancient traditions in China. The word "Spring Festival" has different meanings in ancient and modern times. In Qin and Han Dynasties, it was generally called the Spring Festival after beginning of spring, but it was rarely used after Wei and Jin Dynasties. After the Revolution of 1911, the Gregorian calendar was adopted, with 1 month 1 day as New Year's Day, and the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar was changed to the Spring Festival, which has continued to this day. In the modern sense, the word Spring Festival has two concepts. One is in a narrow sense, that is, it only refers to the first day of the first lunar month, which is also commonly known as the "New Year's Day"; One is in a broad sense, that is, it refers to the "New Year's Day" custom activities from "New Year's Day" to "Breaking Five", which lasted for five or six days. Tianjin people are used to not only a broad concept, but also a busy year from the beginning of the twelfth lunar month, making various preparations for the New Year. There is a folk saying: "After Laba is the Year". In fact, the activities of Chinese New Year started from Laba and lasted for nearly 40 days, such as the 16th day of the first month. The concept of the Spring Festival is richer and longer than in a broad sense. ?

Tianjin people's lively personality characteristics have prompted people to devote great enthusiasm and interest to Chinese New Year activities. In the old society, not only wealthy businessmen like dajia wanted to celebrate the New Year, but ordinary poor people also wanted to eat a jiaozi to spend this time to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the government stipulated a three-day Spring Festival holiday. Today, as in the past, people still spend energy and financial resources on the preparations for the New Year, in order to enrich and complete the preparations for food, clothing, housing and transportation and create a warm and prosperous atmosphere for the New Year. ?

The first thing in a busy year is to prepare clothes for my family during the Spring Festival. As long as we can, every family, big or small, should buy some clothes, hats, shoes and socks. No matter how difficult life is, families must always buy clothes for the elderly and children. Generally, people have been operating since the beginning of winter, that is, families with financial difficulties have to start working at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month at the latest. ?

Then "Laba porridge", "Laba vinegar", "the fifteenth cover of the twelfth lunar month" and "Twenty-three kitchen gods go to heaven; Twenty-four house sweeps; 25 windows; Twenty-six stews; Twenty-seven slaughtered cocks; Twenty-eight white hairs; Twenty-nine stickers pour money; Thirty families sit happily for one night. " People are busy from the beginning of the twelfth lunar month to New Year's Eve. ?

After Laba, men begin to buy new year's goods. New year's goods are something to eat in holiday life, which requires not only abundant quantity but also excellent quality. Although there is no shortage of daily necessities, the purchase is complete for luck and convenience. Appendices such as dishes, bowls and chopsticks are to wish a prosperous life in the coming year, import more people and a prosperous population. I have to buy things for the old people and children at home. There is a saying in Tianjin: "Prostitutes want flowers, boys want guns, and old people want felt hats". ?

On the street, all kinds of new year's goods prepared for people's Spring Festival are listed on the fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as "walking the streets". In Gongnan and Gongbei streets with Tianhou Palace as the center, New Year's goods stalls are next to each other, and the walls are covered with red notes of "here every year", which occupies a good boundary. Sell New Year pictures, fireworks, hanging money, window grilles, lanterns, facial makeup, pomegranate flowers, Spring Festival couplets, diabolos, goldfish and so on. Everywhere is red, green and jubilant. The business of rice noodle shops, seafood shops, pickles gardens and candle paper yard shops on the street has also entered a climax. ?

Around the twentieth day of the twelfth lunar month, most people began to buy fish, meat, vegetables, dried and fresh fruits, cakes and tea. Because many small and medium-sized businessmen's families can only get the year-end "feed" from the store after the twentieth day of the twelfth lunar month, or travelers bring back their savings, it is late to buy new year's goods. So most shops have been busy until the afternoon of "New Year's Eve". In this short period of more than 20 days, from the shopkeeper to the waiter, we have to be busy from morning till night. In the 1920s and 1930s, there were Sibu villages such as Qian Xiangyi, Rui Fuxiang, Long Yuan and Deng Qinglong. Fan Yonghe, Dachunlin, Gui Shunzhai, Siyuanxiang and other pastry shops; There are also well-known old brands such as Chengren Paper Yard Store, Wanxingxi Rice Noodle Village, Longchang Seafood Store, Zhengxingde Tea House, etc., which are full of customers all day long and make ten times the profit. ?

The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is the day of offering sacrifices to stoves, which is called "off-year" by the people. According to folklore, Kitchen God is a god sent by the Jade Emperor to monitor the good and evil behavior of every household. At the end of each year, Kitchen God reports to the Jade Emperor about the quality of the family in the past year, and it takes seven days to go back and forth, so every household will see Kitchen God off on this day. On this evening, the parents presided over the sacrifice of the stove, and the offerings were honeydew melons, sticky cakes, forage and a bowl of clear water (the latter two offerings were for the mount of the Kitchen God). The purpose of offering sacrifices to the kitchen stove with honeydew melon sticky cakes is to hope that the kitchen god will speak well in the sky, so that the honeydew melon sticky cakes will stick to the kitchen god's mouth and make him talk less or not. Others put distiller's grains on the stove door to make the kitchen god drunk, so that he was drunk when he saw the jade emperor and had nothing to say. After the ceremony, the paper shovel will be incinerated together with the Kitchen King Code, which means that the Kitchen King will repay his kindness to heaven and set off firecrackers to bid farewell to the Kitchen King. Folk regulations do not allow women to participate in stove sacrifices, and girls are not allowed to eat candied haws. It is said that if they eat them, their mouths will turn black. ?

Sweep the house and water? On the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, people routinely sweep houses, commonly known as "sweeping houses through water". As China New Year is the last festival in a year, and the new year is about to begin, every household should keep their homes clean. Some people choose a sunny and warm day before the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, and do a general cleaning, move boxes and cabinets, sweep the dust off the walls, corners and ceilings (commonly known as "dust removal"), clean the doors, windows and glass, polish the tables, chairs, cabinets, kitchens and bronzes everywhere, and rinse the cooking utensils such as panels, chopping boards, pot covers and patting covers. The next day is the 25th of the twelfth lunar month. People will paste windows with white powder and paper, leaving new air holes, and some even make roller blinds. ?

Preparing for the New Year's Eve? From the 26th to 28th of the twelfth lunar month, people prepare New Year's meals and dishes. There is a folk saying called "Twenty-six stews; Twenty-seven slaughtered cocks; Twenty-eight white hairs. " Housewives should prepare chicken, duck, fish, preserved beans, vinegar-preserved cabbage and other dishes for the New Year and fill them with pots and pans. On the 28th day of the twelfth lunar month, steamed bread is started, one pot after another, and red dots are placed on the steamed bread, wishing the family business prosperity. All kinds of stuffed steamed food, rice cakes and other foods should be put in special rooms, and these foods are usually eaten until the Lantern Festival. ?

Put it down ▲ Put it down on the 29th of the twelfth lunar month ▲ (▲ homophonic "you", meaning every day, expressing hope for the new year). On this day, people will paste all the Spring Festival couplets, the word "Fu", window grilles, hanging money, paper-cut fat pig archways cut with black wax paper and indoor and outdoor New Year pictures, and even the water tanks and cabinets will be pasted with the word "Fu" upside down to get the meaning of "Fu". Most of the Spring Festival couplets used in families are "faithfulness and faithfulness are passed down from generation to generation, and poetry and books are passed down from generation to generation", "two old people are married in one night, and two years are married in one night", and many merchants post "business is booming all over the world, and financial resources are abundant in the Three Rivers", and some people post children's paintings on the bedroom door. Some people fold sesame stalks into the shape of gold ingots with yellow paper rolls, stick them in the yard, save them into a bundle, spread them out, and call them "cornucopia", ready to step on the 30 th anniversary, borrowing the proverb that "sesame blossoms are rising day by day" and wishing the family prosperity. ?

On New Year's Eve (also called New Year's Eve, on the 29th of the twelfth lunar month), people freshen up and put on new clothes in the morning. At this time, parents will provide the magic code of "increasing the god of wealth", "concentrating on paper" and the new magic code of the kitchen god, but it is not allowed to order rice incense before formal worship at night. Lunch is full of dishes and rice, and evening is jiaozi with minced meat, which means "getting back together". This kind of meat stuffing in jiaozi is mainly pork, with eggs, shrimps or crab roe, sea cucumber, leeks and so on. Generally, family members who go out will go home to have this kind of reunion dinner, so people also call this kind of jiaozi "Reunion jiaozi". ?

After dinner, every household should put dried salted fish and hard crust cakes on all washed empty pots and pans to get the meaning of "happiness". After nine o'clock in the evening, parents wash their hands, wear crowns and kowtow to the ancestors of the Buddha. The following people salute the men and women in turn. At this time, women with foreign surnames are not allowed to enter, which is called "avoiding people", and their own women are not allowed to visit others. There is also a "mother's role model": a married daughter can't look at her parents' light, otherwise it will hinder her parents' death. In addition, a bowl of rice, rice cakes and fruits should be served to the gods and ancestors. Rice is a bowl of rice with red dates on it, and pomegranate flowers are made of red silk or red paper. It is said that the whole family is blessed with rice. Offering rice cakes symbolizes that life is getting better every year. After offering sacrifices to the gods and ancestors, the lights and candles were not extinguished everywhere, and the incense continued until dawn. At night 12, when the whole world is in the lower bound, everyone should set off firecrackers. This marks the end of the old year and the coming of the new year. The younger generation in the family kowtowed to their elders to pay New Year's greetings. The elders should give their children lucky money, and then start to keep the old age. The children put on new clothes and hats, and the girls wore red velvet silk flower on their heads. They play lanterns, sing children's songs and set off firecrackers in groups of three or five. There are elderly women at home, and they have to wear HongLing pomegranate flowers on their heads. In addition to lighting candles and incense, adults should generally adhere to the principle of "observing the age", playing cards, playing chess and eating candy. Women are also busy with Bao Su's intercourse from the first day. This vegetarian dumpling stuffing includes gluten, dried incense, eggs, bean sprouts, vermicelli and so on. After wrapping jiaozi, cover it with yellow paper, eat something in the middle of the night, cook some offerings at dawn, burn incense and worship, and then burn the sacred scriptures, commonly known as "big paper". It is said that it is to send the gods to the upper bound, welcome the new kitchen king to the lower bound, and re-provide the new kitchen king code in the kitchen king xiaosheng. At this time, people set off firecrackers (according to legend, firecrackers were originally set off to drive away evil spirits, and later became an expression of people praying for good luck, called "knocking away evil spirits"). In 1930s, around Zhugan Lane and Yuyi Street outside the north gate, various businesses competed with each other, and colorful lights and fireworks set each other off. On New Year's Eve, candy, candy and dry cakes are sold all night in the street. On New Year's Eve, there are still many taboos among the people, and they are not allowed to say unlucky words, especially languages such as "gone", "missing", "dead" and "finished". Don't sweep the floor, don't pour water, for fear of sweeping away and dumping wealth. If things like porcelain are broken, you should immediately say "broken (safe)" to dispel the ominous. ?

Although New Year's Eve is a festive day, it is also a "gateway" because debt collectors are used to collecting debts before the New Year. If the debtor survives this day (generally, he doesn't collect debts within the fifteenth day of the first month), it is equivalent to fleeing, and there is room for breathing and paying off debts. Therefore, the general office should send people to carry lanterns to urge the accounts, and continue to urge them without turning off the lights at dawn. Some debtors are unable to repay, so they try their best to escape. Until dawn, there were more and more pedestrians in the street. Because it is the first day of the lunar new year, even if the two sides meet again, they will no longer mention debts until after the fifteenth day of the first month. Therefore, there is a folk saying: "You can hide from the first day, but you can't hide from the fifteenth." ?

Sacrificing a daughter-in-law is a girl's sacrificial activity. Boudoir girls cut underpants out of silk and other cloth ends and sewed them into special "little dolls", which is a self-made statue of the daughter-in-law. On New Year's Eve, the girls put the statue of Zi Gu in the toilet or toilet. On the fifteenth night of the first month, they will tell good or ill luck, as well as their sadness and mood. Zigu, the third aunt in the pit, is commonly known as "Ma Dunniang". This old custom of Jianghuai was introduced into Tianjin, but it lost its inheritance among urban aborigines after the middle of Qing Dynasty. ?

Climb high to celebrate the New Year? On the first day of the first lunar month, you have to eat vegetarian jiaozi with New Year's Eve dinner to get a year's peace. On this day, most people have a good time at home, do not go out for activities, and go to bed early at night. Later, there was a custom of climbing mountains for good luck in the morning of the first day of junior high school. In the old days, Tianjin was mostly a bungalow, and the main places to climb were Jingdang Pavilion, Drum Tower and Huangyuting. People climb up in search of auspicious promotions. It was not until the 1940s that people began to greet each other in the neighborhood on New Year's Day. Greet each other with auspicious words such as "Happy New Year" and "Congratulations on getting rich". There is also a folk saying that "Happy New Year, rats don't bite". Speaking well on weekdays is called "Happy New Year". This custom continues to this day. ?

To the god of wealth? On the second day of the first month, people celebrate the "God of Wealth" Day. The sky is dim, and the master should respect the god of wealth after washing his hands. In the early morning, the water bearer threw a pile of firewood tied with red rope and affixed with "really big gold bars" into the yard of each household or stood in front of the door, indicating "giving money" (homophonic "firewood"), indicating that the main family will make a fortune in the new year. Because in the old society, residents carried water from house to house by porters, so porters had to send a handful of water to each family and shouted at the door, "Here comes the money!" " Therefore, people who collect money and deliver water should warmly receive the boatman. Generally, no money was given at that time, and the account could not be settled until the fifth day. In addition, on this day, most families will invite "everyone to open the market", and everyone can read auspicious words after entering the house, wishing them a year's wish. From this day until around the Lantern Festival, relatives and friends will still give children New Year greetings and lucky money. "Opening the market" also marks the lifting of women's taboos. After forty or fifty years in the 20th century, the second day of junior high school, the married daughter returned to her parents' home, and her uncle worshipped her parents-in-law. Even if parents and elders have passed away, married daughters can be reunited with their parents' brothers and sisters and have the right to go home. On the second day of junior high school, noodles are usually eaten at noon, and banquets are prepared for children at night. ?

Nowadays, some folk families still follow the custom of "respecting the god of wealth", but the phenomenon of sending money and water no longer exists. It became a custom to go back to her mother's house on the second day of the second year, which she dubbed "Children's Day". ?

"Hezi" went home to earn money on the third day of the first month. The traditional dietary custom is to wrap the zygote, mostly three fresh fillings, for the god of wealth to eat. From the first day to the third day, the folk tradition says that "the first day in jiaozi is the second day, and the third day is the third day for the zygote to go home to earn money", and the zygote also symbolizes family reunion and prosperity. Therefore, in addition to eating zygotes in the third grade, the people also pay attention to eating zygotes in the eighth and ninth grades, in order to get the luck of "eating zygotes with eight more" and "eating zygotes with nine more". There is also eating zygotes on the eleventh day of the first month, saying that it is a zygote turn. ?

Break five? The fifth day of the first month, commonly known as "breaking five", is also called "splashing pollution". There is a folk custom of "sending poor soil" and "pinching villains". In the past, every household had to get up at five o'clock. After getting up, they uncovered the kang mat and cleaned the dust at the bottom of the kang. Then they cut out a silhouette of a woman called "Poor Queen" from paper, put it on the dust, picked it out with a dustpan, and dropped it on the street, setting off firecrackers one by one, so as to deter the poor queen who came to find a place to live. People call it "poor queen"

In addition, in the early morning of this day, every household must throw away the dirty things accumulated during the Chinese New Year and splash sewage. This is because the word "breaking five" is homophonic with "splashing pollution". People put on new clothes during the New Year, and the house and the outside are clean. Sewage and dirt can't be thrown away as usual, which may offend the gods. Therefore, the stolen goods in these days should be accumulated first and thrown out together on the fifth day of the Lunar New Year. Now this custom no longer exists. People generally don't pour dirty things and water on New Year's Eve, and taboos can be lifted on the first day of the New Year's Day. ?

People pay special attention to the custom of "breaking five" to pinch villains. On this day, every household will pack jiaozi to exorcise evil spirits and pinch villains. When a housewife chops vegetables or meat with a knife, she chants "chop villain" in her mouth to vent her hatred for the abusive villain. When wrapping jiaozi, housewives should pinch the dumpling skin carefully, so as not to show any cracks, for fear of breaking it when cooking jiaozi. This action is called "pinching the mouth of a villain", which means pinching the mouth of a villain who speaks ill to stop him from talking nonsense. This is a kind of folk activity to pray for obedience and happiness for yourself and your family, which is still in use today. ?

Open the market? On the sixth day of the first month (or the eighth day of the first month), all the shops in the street are open, and all the clerks gather in front of the door to set off firecrackers. Shops and families have to pay all kinds of incidental expenses from the first day. ?

Lantern Festival?

The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is Shangyuan Festival, also known as Lantern Festival, which is commonly known as Lantern Festival among the people. ?

In the past, the Lantern Festival in Tianjin usually lasted for three days from the 14th to 16th of the first month. Inside and outside the city, people shop, and the streets are covered with lanterns and fireworks. In the evening, people take to the streets to enjoy lanterns, or draw artists, or guess Hu Wen. On this day, all kinds of folk flowers will also perform in the streets. The stilts, French drums and lion dances along the street complement each other, adding color to the festival. ?

Eat Yuanxiao? On the fifteenth day of the first month, we will eat dumplings, which are called Yuanxiao in Tianjin dialect. There are two kinds of glutinous rice noodles (called Jiangmi in Tianjin) and sorghum noodles (called Xiaomi noodles in Tianjin). The pastry shop sells glutinous rice flour. There are various kinds of dumplings, so they are called "assorted dumplings". It is made by shaking with a dustpan, and it is soft and delicious after cooking. Generally, home-made sorghum noodles are made by hand with sugar stuffing, which is slightly hard after cooking. ?

On this day, people pay attention to offering steamed hedgehogs and mice with silver ingots in front of the statue or on the lotus leaf pier at home. Most of the offerings are for the elderly at home. The hedgehog and mouse who paid attention to the offerings before noon turned their heads outward and turned their heads inward in the afternoon, which meant that they carried the ingots home. Cooking Yuanxiao before meals should be offered to the Buddha. ?

Uncle sends a lamp? On the fifteenth day of the first month, there is also the custom of my uncle lighting lanterns for my nephew. In the old days, people paid attention to giving lanterns in the shape of ducks, homophonic "Xu Er", wishing my nephew happiness, and "My nephew plays lanterns-taking care of my uncle" also wished my nephew a long life. Today, this custom has not faded, and the types of lamps are becoming more and more diverse. Goldfish lanterns and tribulus lanterns are meant to be rich and auspicious. ?

Stay away from all diseases? On the fifteenth and sixteenth day of the first month, there is a folk custom of "walking away from all diseases". Especially on the 16th day of the first month, women not only go back to their parents' homes, but also travel together, enjoying the lanterns, wandering around and "walking" to drive away all diseases. People think that when "walking away from all diseases", you must cross three rivers, three bridges and "hit a nail" in order to seek good luck and get rid of diseases. "Hit a nail" refers to touching a nail on the bridge or a doornail on the temple with your hand. Because "nail" and "ding" are homophonic, and "ding" symbolizes men, women, especially those who are not pregnant, must sincerely touch the nail in order to have children, prosper their family business and carry on the family line. ? Nowadays, people still celebrate the Lantern Festival with great solemnity, but some customs have been simplified. ?

Filling section?

The 25th day of the first month is the irrigation festival, commonly known as "big irrigation". Before that, the tenth day of the first month was "small irrigation", also called "eating". The festival of filling warehouses is a festival that develops from rural areas to cities. ?

Fight? Big stuffing is the authentic day of the festival. In the past, urban residents and suburban farmers held different folk activities on this day. After dinner on the 24th of the first month, citizens usually draw an ancient copper coin-shaped circle with a diameter of about 2 to 3 feet in the yard with lime, chalk or gray carbon, and write the words "full of gold and silver" around the money hole, and some write the word "hoard" at the money hole. Draw a ladder at the lower end of the circle outside the door, then put a bag of rice in the middle of the circle and press it with bricks, which is called "grain shop" or "rice shop". At the same time, draw a set in the middle of the land in the residential area, with foreign money in the circle, and some copper coins wrapped in paper-cut to hang money and pressed with bricks, which is called "hoarding money". These activities are collectively referred to as "hoarding to cover positions". The next morning, I took out the rice bag and wallet pressed in the shop and put them under the corner of my kang mat until evening. The paper-cut hanging money used by residents to hold copper coins when collecting money should not be new, but used hanging money pasted during the Spring Festival, and hanging money written with auspicious words such as "making a fortune" and "abundant crops" should be used to express auspiciousness. ?

Steamed steamed bread? Some people are pouring steamed bread. When steaming, first put the kneaded steamed bread in a steamer, and then press a hole on each steamed bread with your fingers. This is called "Tiancang". After steaming the steamed bread, open the lid of the steamer and see if there is water in the pit (warehouse) first. If it is filled with water, it symbolizes that this year is a good year and a bumper harvest year. If you are dissatisfied with water, it is a general year; If there is no water, it indicates that there will be serious drought and food shortage. People call this "dry warehouse". Generally, it is necessary to steam another steamed bread to achieve psychological satisfaction. ?

Food and taboos? Eating rice and cooking fish soup on this day is intended to herald a good year and return the grain to the warehouse. Rich people also eat steamed salty fast fish (that is, suppressed fast fish). Others drink mixed noodle soup and eat cakes, symbolizing a bumper harvest. According to the folk Kyrgyz language, these are "big hoarding, small hoarding". There are not a few people who eat steamed bread. Most people also eat a folk snack-bean cake to get round and sweet luck. ?

On this day, everyone has to go to bed early and there is no noise at night, so it is said that "mice get married." On this day, women are not allowed to sew.

Now every time the warehouse is full, rural families still have this folk custom, but it is not so standardized. Some old-fashioned families among urban residents mostly put some coins or whole money under the kang quilt with old wallets used during the Spring Festival. There are also simple ones that only eat seasonal food, rice and boiled fish soup. ?

February 2 nd?

There is a peasant proverb in Tianjin: "On February 2nd, the dragon looked up, big warehouse was full, and the small warehouse flowed." It means that this day is the day when the Dragon King appears, and it will rain. Since then, the rain has gradually increased. ?

Leading the money dragon? In the old days, housewives got up early in the morning, hit the edge of the kang with shoes or brooms, and whispered, "On February 2, the dragon looked up and the scorpion centipede could not get out." While reading, I picked up a dustpan full of kitchen ashes and chaff, ran out of the door and ran to the river. When I reached the river, I turned and walked back. As I walked, I sprinkled grass ash and chaff, deliberately winding into the yard, laying it straight on the water tank and then laying it around the water tank. Known as the "lucky dragon", it means that after attracting the dragon home, insects such as snakes and scorpions dare not come out to hurt people and live a rich life. Then steamed rice cakes to welcome the arrival of dragons, and steamed pests to prevent them from destroying crops. ?

Painting warehouse? On the afternoon of the second day of February, suburban farmers will hold a "warehouse painting" ceremony. This kind of painting warehouse is operated by the elderly, and dustpans and ashes are scattered in the grain fields and yards at the hands. Shop the warehouse roof first, then the warehouse belly, and then the warehouse door. After sowing, ask children and grandchildren to grab some grain and put it in the barn, and press it with paper and bricks or slates to show that the grain in the barn is intact and pray for a good weather and a bumper harvest in the new year. In addition, February 2 is also considered as the birthday of the land god, and all the land temples have incense. ?

Food and taboos? The seasonal food of this day is fried braised pork, pancakes, scrambled eggs and bean sprouts. Braised pork is a kind of bean jelly, which is cut into pieces and fried, and then mixed with sesame sauce, vinegar, garlic, sesame oil and other small ingredients to eat. The purpose of frying braised pork is to fry all pests to death. Pancakes are called "Dragon Forest Cake" to show that the dragon is protected or enhanced to make the dragon forest complete. Eating bean sprouts means that everything will shine and life will be happy in the future. In the evening, we will make noodles called "Longxu Noodles", which means to protect Longxu Noodles from harm. Some people in the Han nationality cook pig's head to bring happiness to the whole family when the dragon wakes up. Women are forbidden to do needlework on this day to prevent needles from hurting longan and dragon body. It is auspicious for men to shave their heads on this day. ?

At present, Tianjin still follows the old custom of raising bibcock in urban and rural areas, but most people just eat seasonal meals. On this day, the wind of shaving and haircut is getting stronger and stronger. ?