The smallest country on the African continent: Gambia
Gambia is the country with the smallest land area on the main roads in Africa. The basic mountains are built by rivers, and all the land is on both sides of gambia river. The length of the river is very short, but the water volume is very large, so the estuary is very wide, much like Singapore. The most amazing thing is that, like Singapore, it was once a Commonwealth country, and 1965 was independent. The difference is that the beaches in Gambia are very beautiful, while those in Singapore are all man-made. There are still many wooden boats on the beaches of Gambia, which have long since disappeared in Singapore.
Country presentation
Country name
Republic of Gambia, formerly known as "Gambia" and Taiwan Province Province.
Gambia is a traditional agricultural country. Palm trees in the national emblem and the patterns of two axes and hoes used by local tribes fully reflect the important position of agriculture in the whole national economy. Two golden lions on the African prairie guard the blue shield in the center of the national emblem. Together with the bronze knight helmet on the coat of arms, they are symbols of courage and nobility. The white ribbon on the lower part of the national emblem reads the words "progress, peace and prosperity", which is an oath made by the Gambian people to the world for the peace and freedom of the motherland and the happy life of the masses.
geographical environment
Location context
The Republic of Gambia is located at north latitude13&; deg28 '， 16 W &； Deg39' borders Africa in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the west, with a coastline of 48 kilometers and a total area of 10690 square kilometers.
topography
Gambia is a long and narrow plain, which cuts into Senegal. Gambia river crosses east and west and flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
hydrology
Gambia river is a river in West Africa, which originates in the Republic of Guinea, flows westward through Gambia and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. Gambia river has a total length of1120km and a drainage area of 77,000km2. The middle and lower reaches of the river are wide and deep, and the estuary is 20 kilometers wide and 8 meters deep. It is 240 kilometers away from the upper reaches of the estuary and has 300 tons of steam turbines all year round. It is the backbone of Gambia's transportation network. The alluvial plains on both sides of the strait are wide and densely covered with water networks.
Climatic characteristics
The Gambia has a savanna climate. The average temperature in mainland China is about 27℃. A year is divided into rainy season and dry season. July, August and September are rainy seasons, and the rest months are dry seasons. The dry season is hot and dry. The rainy season is hot and humid, with frequent rainfall and thunder and lightning.
mineral resources
The Republic of Gambia is poor in mineral resources. By the end of 1997, the mixed minerals of titanium, zirconium and rutile (about10.5 million tons in reserves) and kaolin (more than 500,000 tons) have been proved, which have not been exploited and are under oil exploration.
water resource
Gambia has clean and abundant groundwater resources. The groundwater level is relatively high, only about 10 meter from the surface.
Biological resources
Gambia is rich in fish resources, including sardines, octopus and tuna. Mainly planting corn, millet, millet, sorghum, rice and other crops. There are many fish and river creatures in gambia river, including hippos and crocodiles. Among the 400 recorded birds, there are kingfishers, cuckoos, swallows, herons, sunbirds, eagles and grasshoppers. 97 kilometers inland from the estuary, the river bank is low, and the shore is dense mangrove swamp. After that, the lowlands may be freshwater marshes and shallow salt marshes, or dense bushes and bushes on the edge of the cliff. On the higher slope of the river bank, swamps and shrubs are replaced by vegetation and tall grass, and wild oil palm grows at the bottom of the river.
Population and nationality
The total population of Gambia is 654.38+800,000 (2065.438+065.438+0). The main ethnic groups are Mandingo (accounting for 42% of the population), Raf (also known as Boer, accounting for 16%), Wolof (accounting for 16%), Jurassic (accounting for 10%) and Serahuri (accounting for 9%).
cultural tradition
language
The official language of The Gambia is English, and the national languages are Mandingo, Wolof, Raff and Serahuri. On March 20th14th14th, Gambia announced the abolition of English as the official language. The national languages are Mandingo, Wolof, Raf (also called Bohr) and Serahuri.
religion
90% of Gambian residents believe in Islam, and the rest believe in Protestantism, Catholicism and fetishism.
traditional festival
National Day:1February 1965 18 declared independence. In order to make people remember this day forever, February 18 was designated as the National Day and Independence Day of the Republic of Gambia.
Ramadan: During Ramadan, people stop eating during the day, only eat twice before dawn and after dark in the morning, and pray five times all day for one month.
Ramadan: Many Muslims rush to the holy city of Mecca for pilgrimage. Those who have been to Mecca for worship are honored as "Araghi" by the local people.
Slaughtering sheep day: local people become "Tobaska", and every family slaughters sheep and eats meat to celebrate the festival.
transport
railway
In 2004, the total length of Gambia railway was 3742 kilometers.
highway
In 2004, the total length of roads in Gambia was 2,390 kilometers, including 5 10 kilometers of asphalt roads, 800 kilometers of gravel roads and 1080 kilometers of dirt roads.
water transportation
Gambia river, which runs through the whole thing, is the main traffic trunk line in the inland area of Ganggang. Banjul Port is the main international maritime port of Ganggang Port, with a monthly throughput of 800 TEUs and an annual throughput of 250,000 tons, involving four merchant ships.
aviation
The Gambian capital Yundum International Airport can take off and land all kinds of large passenger planes, and there are regular flights to Belgium, Switzerland, Spain, Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal every week. The annual passenger transport capacity is 6.5438+0 million. In February of 200 1 year, direct flights with the United States were just opened.