1, celery
Celery is rich in bioflavonoids, which can reduce capillary permeability and resist the pressor effect of adrenaline. Rich potassium can also promote the body to excrete excess sodium salt, thus lowering blood pressure and diuresis.
How to eat: Take tender bamboo shoots 100g, slice them after cooking, blanch celery 100g, drain the water, mix them with bamboo shoots, and season with salt, chicken essence and sesame oil.
Note: Celery contains a lot of crude fiber, which is cool. Children with spleen and stomach deficiency, loose stool and spleen deficiency should not eat more. The nutrient content of celery leaves is higher than that of petioles, in which the content of carotene is 88 times that of petioles, the content of vitamin C is 13 times that of petioles, and the content of vitamin B 1 7 times that of petioles.
2. onions (surname)
Prostaglandin contained in onion can reduce the resistance of peripheral blood vessels and coronary arteries, resist pressor substances in human body, and promote the excretion of sodium salts, thus lowering blood pressure.
How to eat: Take 2 onions and 500ml of red wine, wash them, cut them into eight equal parts, put them in a glass bottle, add red wine, seal the glass bottle, keep it in the shade for 2-8 days, take out the onion slices, separate them from the red wine, put them in the bottle, and put them in the refrigerator for refrigeration, with a daily reference of 20-50ml, which is used to treat hypertension.
Note: People with itchy skin, eye diseases and lung and stomach inflammation should not eat onions, which may aggravate the symptoms. Onions should not be eaten more, which will cause blurred eyes, flatulence and exhaust.
3. Macroalgae
Kelp contains more alginic acid and alginic acid, which has obvious antihypertensive effect. The layer of white cream presented by dried kelp is called mannitol, which has the effect of diuresis and detumescence, and it helps to prevent edema with iodine, potassium and vitamin B3.
How to eat: Take kelp 150g, tofu 250g, japonica rice 30g, vegetable oil and a little salt. Soak kelp in warm water until soft, then cut it into filaments. Stir-fry tofu with vegetables until golden, then cut it into small pieces. Wash japonica rice, put it in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, cook porridge with kelp and tofu, and cook over medium heat until the rice is boiled and the soup is thick. Add a little salt to taste.
Precautions: kelp is cold, the constitution is cold, people with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency should not eat more, kelp contains high iodine, pregnant women should not eat more, otherwise it will affect the thyroid development of the fetus.
Step 4: carrots
Carrots contain quercetin and kaempferol, which can increase coronary blood flow, reduce blood lipid, promote adrenaline synthesis, lower blood pressure and strengthen the heart.
How to eat: Take 100g fresh carrot, wash it, dice it, cook porridge with rice, and eat it every morning and evening. Can be used for the adjuvant treatment of night blindness and hypertension.
Note: Carrots should not be eaten too much, because carotene will deposit on the skin surface and make the skin yellow. Excessive carotene will also affect the synthesis and secretion of lutein in women's ovaries, and even cause irregular menstruation and ovulation.
Step 5: garlic
Garlic contains capsaicin called propylene sulfide, which can kill pathogenic bacteria and parasites. It has the best antibacterial effect among natural plants at present. This capsaicin can not only prevent colds, but also effectively lower cholesterol, regulate blood pressure, inhibit thrombosis and prevent arteriosclerosis.
How to eat: Take 1 0,000 grams of salted garlic, soak it in clear water for half a day, take it out and drain it, put it in a jar, mix sugar and balsamic vinegar evenly, pour it into garlic, turn it once a day, eat it for 3 days, and seal the jar after 2 months.
Precautions: The irritating ingredients in garlic are ignored by patients with gastric ulcer and eye diseases, so it is not suitable for eating. In addition, garlic should not be eaten on an empty stomach, which is easy to stimulate gastrointestinal mucosa. It is not advisable to eat too much at once, which is not good for your eyes.
6. How to prevent hypertension
1, change your bad habits and hobbies
Diet requires low supplements, the principle of quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, maintaining a light and balanced diet, eating more high-fiber foods, and reducing supplements, sweets and high-cholesterol diets. Drinking a small amount of low-alcohol liquor (less than 20 ml of alcohol per day below 15℃) is beneficial to blood lipid regulation and blood circulation, but it is still not suitable for patients with severe blood pressure increase. According to statistics, the stroke of alcoholics is three times higher than that of non-drinkers.
2. Proper exercise
Such as walking, cycling, gymnastics, swimming, etc. Have a certain speed, but don't engage in excessive physical activity, especially those who are old or have decreased cardiac function. Attention should be paid to preventing angina pectoris, heart failure, stroke and sudden death induced by exercise. People with good cardiopulmonary function can measure the fitness of exercise load by self-testing heart rate. Generally, the heart rate of a 60-year-old person reaches 1 10 ~ 120 beats/min. The heart rate of 70-year-old people reaches 100 ~ 1 10 beats per minute; When the 80-year-old man's heart rate reaches 90 ~ 100 beats/min, the amount of exercise is appropriate.
Step 3 control your weight
Regular work and rest, ensuring sleep time, relieving mental stress and living an open-minded life are all helpful to the control of blood pressure.
4. Take some health care products that are beneficial to blood vessel operation and blood purification.
For example, fish oil can reduce cholesterol, triglycerides and blood viscosity; Soybean lecithin is a kind of fat emulsifier, which makes lipid substances easier to metabolize and improves blood viscosity. Ginkgo biloba leaves can dilate blood vessels, improve blood circulation and lower blood pressure.
7, the harm of hypertension
1. Coronary heart disease Hypertension is one of the main risk factors of coronary heart disease. Patients with hypertension have twice the risk of coronary heart disease as normal people. If hypertension is not treated for a long time, 50% will die of coronary heart disease.
2. Diabetes In the diabetic population, the incidence of hypertension is twice that of the normal population. The coexistence of diabetes and hypertension is quite common, which is an important cause of arteriosclerosis and renal failure in patients.
3. Heart failure Heart failure is a common complication of hypertension. Epidemiological studies show that 40%-50% of heart failure is caused by hypertension. The higher the blood pressure, the more likely it is to develop heart failure without treatment. 53 14 patients with hypertension were followed up 14. 1 year, and 392 patients developed heart failure. Hypertension is considered to be the main risk factor of left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, which can lead to cardiac insufficiency. Therefore, hypertension plays an important role in the process of heart failure.
4. Hyperlipidemia Some studies have found that hypertension is closely related to the increase of total cholesterol and the decrease of high-density lipoprotein level, and the disorder of blood lipid metabolism significantly increases the risk and incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
5. Nephropathy In humans, the kidney is involved in the formation and maintenance of hypertension. On the contrary, the blood pressure rises and the kidney is damaged. Long-term hypertension, if untreated, can cause end-stage renal failure or accelerate the destruction of renal parenchyma, leading to primary or secondary renal diseases.
6. Peripheral arterial disease Hypertension increases the risk of intermittent claudication by 3 times, which may be because the increase of blood pressure accelerates the hardening of lower extremity arteries, carotid arteries, coronary arteries and other parts, leading to ischemia, malnutrition and even necrosis of lower extremity arteries.
7. Stroke The incidence of hypertensive stroke is 7.76 times that of normal blood pressure. Studies have shown that antihypertensive therapy can reduce the incidence of stroke by 40% and the risk of coronary heart disease by 15%.
8. Left ventricular hypertrophy can be found in 20%-30% of all hypertensive patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with mild hypertension is 2-3 times higher than normal blood pressure, and severe hypertension can reach 10 times. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a potential risk factor for myocardial infarction and affects left ventricular systolic function, so hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy is an important risk factor closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
8. What are the symptoms of hypertension?
1. No symptoms.
The main symptoms of hypertension are headache, dizziness, dizziness and head swelling. Severe cases can be manifested as asthma, dyspnea, edema, visual impairment, nausea, vomiting, hemiplegia, oliguria, chest pain and other complications. However, there are not many people with typical symptoms. Many hypertension is asymptomatic, and even the systolic blood pressure is as high as 200mmHg or above. It is not uncommon to have asymptomatic or mild symptoms in clinic.
dizzy
Dizziness is the most common symptom of hypertension. Some are transient, often appearing when suddenly squatting or standing up, and some are persistent. Dizziness is the main pain of patients, and the persistent faint discomfort in the head seriously hinders thinking, affects work, and loses interest in things around them. When hypertensive crisis or vertebrobasilar artery blood supply is insufficient, symptoms similar to inner ear vertigo may appear.
headache
Headache is also a common symptom of hypertension, mostly persistent dull pain or pulsating distension pain, and even explosive pain. It often happens when you wake up in the morning, get up and gradually decrease after meals. The pain is mostly in the temples and the back of the head on both sides of the forehead.
4. fidgety, palpitation, insomnia
Patients with hypertension are impatient, sensitive and excitable. Panic and insomnia are more common. Insomnia is mostly caused by difficulties in falling asleep or waking up early, false sleep, changeable nightmares, easy to wake up, etc. This is related to the dysfunction of cerebral cortex and autonomic nervous system.
5. inattention and memory loss
It is not obvious in the early stage, but it gets worse with the development of the disease. Because it is quite distressing, it often becomes one of the reasons to urge patients to see a doctor. It is characterized by easy distraction, recent memory loss, and it is often difficult to remember recent events, but it is still fresh in the memory of childhood and other past events.
6. Numbness of limbs
Common numbness of fingers and toes or skin feeling like mosquitoes or muscle tension and neck and back pain. Some patients often feel that their fingers are inflexible. Generally, it can be improved after proper treatment, but if the limbs are numb and persistent for a long time, and are fixed in a certain limb, accompanied by limb weakness, cramp and jumping pain, you should go to the hospital in time to prevent stroke.
7. Bleeding
Rarely seen. Because hypertension can cause arteriosclerosis, blood vessel elasticity decreases, brittleness increases, and it is easy to rupture and bleed. Among them, nosebleed is more common, followed by conjunctival hemorrhage, fundus hemorrhage and cerebral hemorrhage. According to statistics, about 80% patients with nosebleeds suffer from hypertension.
9. Types of hypertension
1. Essential hypertension
Hypertension can be divided into primary and secondary. In the vast majority of patients, the etiology of hypertension is unknown, which is called primary hypertension, accounting for 90%-95% of all patients with hypertension. At present, essential hypertension is mainly controlled by drugs.
2. Secondary hypertension
Secondary hypertension, also known as symptomatic hypertension, can be caused by a variety of diseases, the common ones are:
(1) Renal diseases, such as chronic nephritis, pyelonephritis and renal insufficiency caused by other reasons.
(2) Adrenal diseases, such as primary aldosteronism, hypercortisolism and pheochromocytoma.
(3) Renal vascular diseases, such as renal artery stenosis caused by various reasons.
(4) Macrovascular diseases, such as aortic stenosis caused by congenital coarctation, atherosclerosis or Takayasu arteritis.
(5) Heart diseases, such as severe aortic insufficiency and complete atrioventricular block.
(6) Some systemic diseases, such as hyperthyroidism and cerebrovascular accidents. At present, some secondary hypertension can be treated by interventional methods. These diseases are mainly renal artery stenosis and congenital coarctation of aorta.
3. Hypertension in children
Primary hypertension in children is rare, accounting for about 20% ~ 30%, but it has increased in recent years. Secondary hypertension is more, accounting for about 65% ~ 80%. Among secondary hypertension in children, renal diseases account for 79%, followed by cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases, nervous system diseases and poisoning.
4. Pregnancy induced hypertension
Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, also known as pregnancy poisoning and pre-eclampsia, is a unique disease of pregnant women, which mostly occurs in the twentieth week of pregnancy and two weeks after delivery, accounting for about 5% of all pregnant women.
5. Elderly systolic hypertension
It shows that the systolic blood pressure is higher than normal and the diastolic blood pressure is normal in the elderly over 60 years old. It is an independent disease type, an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the elderly, and an important disease affecting the health of the elderly.