First of all, the preparations for the funeral
According to the old custom, when the old man dies, he should prepare a single bed (called coffin bed after death) and let him sleep on it. After death, you should change into clothes and hats such as shroud prepared in advance, put the coffin bed in the middle of the hall, and head towards the hall door. Shandong people are mostly northern houses.
It is customary to park for three days before burial (details are not repeated here). Family and close relatives accompany the wake. Filial sons, wives and daughters sit on both sides of the coffin bed from left to right according to the size of their generations.
The filial son, grandson and other relatives read the column from left to top and from right outside the hall door, and the eldest brother and the second child were buried with the wake from left to right according to their size and seniority.
There should be an incense burner burning paper money on the right side outside the main room door, a canopy should be set up, and a sacrificial table should be placed in front. Sacrifices such as birthday girl, chicken, fish, meat and steamed bowls should be placed on the table, and dishes and bowls should be exquisite, such as cigarettes and wine.
Outside the gate of the hospital, according to the gender of the deceased relatives, insert a spirit paper on the right or right wall to indicate that there is a funeral at home. You can know the deceased male and female relatives by reading the spirit paper.
Second, the guests mourn
Everything is ready at home. At this time, if relatives and friends go to mourn, there will be someone outside to welcome guests, receive them and beat the cowhide drums prepared in advance. When you hear the drums at home, you will know that someone has come to mourn (male guests go to the mourning hall and female guests go directly to the mourning hall). This is also a traditional custom that men are the masters outside and women are the masters inside.
The dutiful son and the male relatives cried and worshipped the spirit outside the mourning hall, and the wife and daughter bowed down in the mourning hall (at this time, relatives and friends wanted to give the hostess some gifts, that is, kowtow money) to thank the guests.
If a large number of guests bow down together, that is, bow down three times and knock nine times (that is, bow down first and then knock four heads, then one person goes out to knock one head and then comes back to knock four heads with everyone). If someone doesn't know this bowing ceremony, then give up the three bows, which is also a universal etiquette advocated by modern people.
Third, send the toll.
After three nights, I will send money to my dead relatives. In advance, the portraits and sacrifices of deceased relatives, cows, horses (male riding cows, female riding cows), washbasins and other daily necessities are tied up in advance and placed in the direction of the cemetery.
After dinner, close relatives and friends put on linen, Dai Xiao took the funeral stick, and the dutiful son mumbled something in front of the hospital with coffin paper, and sent it to the street outside the hospital as he walked.
The son or daughter-in-law helps to clean the coffin paper, and after offering sacrifices, helps to send it to the sedan chair, horse or cow. Later, the daughter-in-law hammered the paper cow or paper horse into words with a wooden stick, put it in front of the altar and burned it with paper money.
Then the daughter of the closest relative painted circles while burning paper, drawing eighteen circles in a row (that is, crossing eighteen metropolises to reach her destination). At this time, dutiful sons, relatives and friends paid homage to each other, making three visits and nine knocks.
Fourth, send a big funeral.
This is also an important part of the whole funeral process, a key behind it. It is also a process of embodying the whole family personnel relationship, which embodies the unity and harmony of the family. Of course, most of the funeral culture is solved by the family Council, which saves a lot of things and efforts for the whole family and reflects the cognition and dissemination of funeral culture by a family and a village.
After breakfast, the whole family, old and young, took their places, waiting for relatives and friends to come to mourn and worship and see off their deceased relatives. Doors and windows in the house are covered with white paper to mourn couplets, and wreaths, white cloth and offerings from relatives and friends are filled with offerings.
Better friends will send nine chickens and a duck and set off firecrackers. Every relative and friend will write a gift on the account. Outside the gate, a white flower with a white cloth will be written with the inscription "When it is a big event". There are elegiac couplets on both sides, which are eye-catching and reflect the hard-working character of the deceased before his death.
Moreover, every relative should bow down, salute and kowtow in front of the altar of the mourning hall, which is a test for every close relative, and also reciprocate and bow, and thank all relatives and friends for coming.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) to see relatives and friends off.
Until noon, friends and relatives gathered in the street after dinner, waiting to bow down and see them off. Eight to 10 board members and street neighbors formed this team. Qi Xin Qi Xin called for a song, carried the coffin of the deceased to the street outside the hospital, placed sacrifices, wreaths and paper buildings in front, and burned paper money. The dutiful son and grandson were accompanied by their parents' relatives. Relatives and friends once again bid farewell.
Finally, the eldest son bowed down to the earthen basin and drove the coffin to the cemetery. The relatives of the dutiful son's children first surrounded the grave and buried it, and the whole funeral was over.