Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia is a poem by Su Shi, a writer in the Song Dynasty, and one of the representative works of bold and unconstrained ci. Through the description of the magnificent scenery on the river in the moonlight night, the poem pays tribute to the ancient battlefield, cherishes the talent, tolerance and merits of romantic figures, expresses the author's grief and indignation in a tortuous way, and also shows the author's broad-minded concern for history and life. The whole poem is lyrical in ancient times, vigorous and desolate, magnificent, vigorous in brushwork and broad in realm. It integrates scenery writing, history chanting and lyric, giving people an artistic power that shocks the soul. It was once known as "the swan song of ancient and modern times".

Name of the work: Nian Nujiao's "Red Cliff Nostalgia" Creation Year: Northern Song Dynasty Origin: Dongpo Yuefu Literature Genre: Lyrics Author: Su Shi's theme: Nostalgia for ancient poetry, the first 1 edition, the second, third, fourth and fifth editions, annotation translation, text annotation, vernacular translation, creation background, work appreciation, literature appreciation. Rocks go through the air, waves lap the shore and roll up thousands of piles of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Imagine that Gong Jin got married at the beginning of the year, and Xiao Qiao was dashing. Feather fan nylon towel ⑾, joking, ⑾. Old country wanders [13], affectionate with Ying Xiao Wo, born early in France and China [14]. Life is like a dream, and there are statues on the moon. Version 2 Nian Nujiao is nostalgic for Chibi, a romantic figure through the ages. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. Rock clouds break, waves beat the shore, and thousands of piles of snow are rolled up. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, strong ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. The world is like a dream, a statue is still on the moon. Version 3 Nian Nujiao's Red Cliff is a romantic figure who misses the past and never returns to the river. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. Rock clouds break, waves beat the shore, and thousands of piles of snow are rolled up. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, talking and laughing, lost in the smoke. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Things are like a dream, a bottle or a month. Version 4 Nian Nujiao is nostalgic for Chibi, a romantic figure through the ages. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, talking and laughing, lost in the smoke. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, and a bottle returns to the moon. Version 5 Nian Nujiao is nostalgic for Chibi, a romantic figure through the ages. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, strong ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Things are like a dream, a bottle or a month. Annotation translation sentence annotation (1) Niannujiao: the name of the epigraph. Also known as "Hundred Characters Order" and "Qi Jiang Yue". Chibi: This refers to the "Red Nose Rock" in the west of Huanggang, Hubei Province. Chibi, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, is considered by the cultural circles to be in the northwest of Puyin County, chibi city City, Hubei Province. (2) Great River: refers to the Yangtze River. (3) Scouring: washing and scouring. (4) Romantic figures: refers to outstanding historical celebrities. 5] Homebase: A camp left over from the past. [6]: It refers to Zhou Yu, a famous soldier of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, whose name was Gong Jin. He was a young man who successfully realized his ambition and became the commander of the Corps at the age of 24. He is in charge of Wu Dong's heavily armed forces, and Wuzhong is called "Zhou Lang". The following "Gong Jin" refers to Zhou Yu. (7) Snow: the metaphor of spray. (8) think far: describe thinking far; Memories (9) Xiao Qiao's first marriage (Li m: o): According to the Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Zhou Yu, Zhou Yu attacked Anhui from Sun Ce, and "Gong Qiao's two women are national colors. Cezi Bridge, You Na Bridge. " Joe, this is a bridge. Ten years have passed since Battle of Red Cliffs, and the word "first marriage" here means that his youth is proud and charming. ⑽ Ying Zi Ying Fa (fā): Zhou Yu has an extraordinary physical appearance and excellent conversation. English hair, extraordinary speech, excellent knowledge. ⑾ guān towel: the casual clothes of ancient Confucian generals. Feather fan, a fan made of feathers. Black silk and scarves made of black silk. ⑿樯檍 (qiánglǔ): This refers to Cao Cao's naval warships. A mast for hanging sails. Paddles, paddles for rocking boats. Rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder stern; 3333333333; 3333333333333 Dongpo Yuefu, Song Shanben series, is an engraving of Yuan Yanshou, known as "Strong Lu". Haiyuan Pavilion, originally collected by Yang, has been collected by famous artists such as Ji, Gu Guangqi and Huang Pilie. There is an inscription by Huang Pilie at the beginning of the volume, describing its origin in detail, which has been passed down to the grandfathers in various versions. [13] Wandering in the Old Country: the antonym of Wandering in the Old Country. Old country: this refers to the old place, the red cliff battlefield of that year. Fugue: Traveling in imagination and dreams. [14] "Affectionate" sentence: "Ying Xiao Wo is affectionate and prosperous early". Fahua: Gray hair. ⒂ Statue belongs to (huán) Jiang Yue (lèi): The ancients paid tribute by pouring wine on the ground. Here refers to sprinkling wine to pay for the moon and pinning feelings. Zun: bronze "Zun", wine glass. [14] Strong enemy: A strong enemy refers to Cao Jun .. Lu: a disparaging term for the enemy. River of no return, wash out those romantic figures through the ages. To the west of the ancient battlefield, it is said that Zhou Yu of the Three Kingdoms broke Cao Jun's Red Cliff, surrounded by high rocks and mountains, and the cliffs on both sides were like clouds. The stormy waves are beating violently on the other side, and the rolled waves are like thousands of snow in winter. Jiangshan is so picturesque, how many heroes have emerged at one time. Think back to the famous Yu. Xiao Qiao has just married him, and he is very dashing. With a feather fan in his hand and a black silk scarf on his head, he was laughing calmly and smartly, and 800,000 Cao Jun was like ashes. Now immersed in the ancient battlefield, wandering in the past. Ironically, I have so much nostalgia for the past that my temples are as white as old age. Life is like a hazy dream. A toast to the eternal moon. The word "creative background" was written by Su Shi when he lived in Huangzhou in 1082 (five years in Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong). At that time, the author was forty-five years old and was demoted to Huangzhou for more than two years because of Wutai poetry case. Su Shi was demoted for satirizing the new law in his poems and was condemned by Luo Zhi, a new bureaucrat. He has endless worries in his heart, so he travels around to relax. I happened to come to Chibi (Biji) outside Huangzhou City. The magnificent scenery here touched the author greatly, which made the author sigh that time flies while recalling Zhou Yu's infinite scenery during the Three Kingdoms period, so he wrote this word. The last volume of Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing and Concealing Conghua" contains twenty-eight years of Dongpo language: "On the west foot of Huangzhou, the stone color is like Dan, saying that Cao Gong was defeated by the so-called Red Cliff. Or: No, Cao Gong was defeated and returned from Huarong Road. The muddy road makes the old and the weak pass first. He said: "Liu Bei's opinion is late, and Huarong Road is busy. If we set it on fire, I will feel completely inferior. "Today, Huarong Town is located on the other side of Chibi, which is several places. However, there is Huarong County in Yuezhou, but I don't know who it is. Li Weixiu came today, because he was carrying wine on the boat and drinking under the red cliff. Shan Li played the flute, drank too much, and played many tricks. The wind and water surged, the big fish came out, there were perches on the mountain, and it began. I miss Meng De and Gong Jin, just like yesterday! Appreciation of Works and Literature Xu Gui, a critic of Ci in the Qing Dynasty, said that Dongpo's Ci "has its own heroism and is the true color of a hero" (Volume III of Congtan on Ci Garden). In Dongpo Yuefu, the most heroic masterpiece is Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia, which is known as the "eternal swan song". This poem was written by Su Shi when he visited Chibi (Biji) outside Huanggang, and it was one of the most striking works in the Northern Song Dynasty. This word is used to write scenery before writing, paving the way for the emergence of the protagonist. It starts with the Yangtze River flowing eastward, and then connects the endless rivers with historical celebrities with "waves washed away", which has arranged an extremely broad and long time and space background. People can not only see the surging river, but also want to see the outstanding spirit of romantic figures, and also appreciate the inner ups and downs induced by the author's talented people standing by the river, with great boldness of vision and extraordinary brushwork. Then the words "old base area" point out that this is the legendary ancient Red Cliff battlefield. As early as 870 years before Su Shi wrote this word, Zhou Yu, a famous Soochow player, commanded Battle of Red Cliffs on the south bank of the Yangtze River, defeating the strong with the weak. There are always different opinions about the specific location of the battlefield in those days. Dongpo is only talking about homesickness here to express his chest, and readers don't have to carve a boat for the sword. " Human nature is ",and the next words are very measured. "Red Cliff in Zhou Lang" is not only a combination of words, but also a foreshadowing for Xiatan to remember Gong Jin. The following three sentences "shake" mainly describe the magnificent scenery of Chibi: the steep cliffs rise into the sky, the surging waves violently impact the river bank, and the surging river rolls up thousands of surging snow waves. This vivid description from different angles, appealing to different feelings, swept away the mediocre and depressed atmosphere, and immediately brought readers into a thrilling and dangerous state, which made people's brains wide open and their spirits high. Slap a few words, always tie up the top and lift the next piece. "Picturesque scenery" is an exquisite and blurted-out compliment, which should be the natural conclusion drawn by the author and readers from the magnificent picture of nature provided by the above art. "Outstanding people and beautiful mountains and rivers" will inevitably produce, nurture and attract countless outstanding heroes. The Three Kingdoms is an era of talented people: Cao Cao, who can write poems, Sun Quan, who shoots at tigers, Zhuge Liang, who is right in Longzhong, and Zhou Gongjin, who is resourceful ... It can really be said that "how many heroes were there! "The last film of Nian Nujiao Chibi focused on the scenery and concentrated the distance between time and space on men in the Three Kingdoms period. However, among the many characters in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Su Shi especially misses Zhou Yu who defeated Na Zhi, a powerful enemy. Therefore, the next film begins with five sentences of "Yao Xiang", focusing on shaping the image of Zhou Yu, a young general, with wrist strength. On the basis of historical facts, the author selects materials that can express the personality of the characters, and vividly depicts the characters from several aspects through artistic concentration, refining and processing. According to historical records, in the third year of Jian 'an, Sun Ce personally married Zhou Yu, who was 24 years old at that time, and awarded him the title of "Jianwei corps commander", and together with him captured Anhui City. Zhou Yu married Xiao Qiao when he won the battle of Wancheng, and it was ten years before he commanded the famous Battle of Red Cliffs. Here, ten years of events come together. Before writing Battle of Red Cliffs, I suddenly inserted the life details of "Xiao Qiao's first marriage" and set off the protagonist with beauty, which shows that Zhou Yu is handsome, young and promising, which is enviable enough. At the same time, it also reminds people that winning the war against Cao is the guarantee to seize Jiangdong and develop a victorious situation, otherwise it will inevitably lead to serious consequences, such as Du Mu's poem Red Cliff. This can make people realize the significance of this war. " "Proud and heroic, black silk scarf with feather fan" is a description of Zhou Yu's elegant clothing and demeanor from the portrait expression. Black silk scarf, black silk headscarf and "kudzu towel hair fan" are common costumes of Confucian generals since the Three Kingdoms. Focusing on their appearance and costumes, Zhou Yu, as a commander-in-chief, is natural and calm in the face of the battle, which shows that he is confident of winning the war. "Laughing and laughing, vanishing in smoke" captures the characteristics of the war between fire and water and accurately summarizes the victory scene of the whole war. According to the "Three Kingdoms" cited "Biography of the River Table". At that time, Zhou Yu commanded Wu Jun to use a light warship, full of dry wood, soaked in fish oil, lied about surrendering, and set sail for Jun. At that time, "the fire was fierce, the ship was like an arrow, and the flying Egypt was terrible, and the north ship was burned. "Only the word" grey "is used to describe the fiasco of Jun. It is conceivable that Zhou Yu, an extraordinary young general, can command the water army and resist the strong enemy from Hengjiang, making the other party's ten thousand ships instantly reduced to ashes. Su Shi praised Zhou Yu so much because he realized the weakness of the national strength in the Northern Song Dynasty and the serious threat of the military regime in Liao and Xia Dynasties. He always cares about the border war and is keen on serving the country. Facing the deepening of the border crisis and witnessing Song Ting's indifference and cowardice, he is very eager to become a hero who dominated for a while like the Three Kingdoms to reverse this very depressed situation. This is an ideological opportunity for the author to cherish the memory of Battle of Red Cliffs and carefully shape Zhou Yu, the core figure who directed this war drama. However, the current political reality and the bumpy situation of the poet being demoted to Huangzhou have formed great contradictions with his desire to revitalize the dynasty and serve the country. Therefore, once the poet falls into reality from the "wandering old country", his thoughts are deep and he can't help sighing. The poet feels old prematurely because of his careless way, which is in sharp contrast with Zhou, who achieved great success in the same year. However, life is too short to let all kinds of "leisure worries" haunt you. It is better to watch the river and enjoy the moon. " A statue returns the moon on the Yangtze River. "Thinking about this far-reaching poem, a broad-minded, knowledgeable and masturbating poet seems to emerge in front of readers. At the end of the day, the torrent of emotion rises and falls, just like a river rushing in a wide field on the plateau, meeting a valley, turning slightly and continuing to flow to the boundless front. This is a reflection of the author's psychology after the sharp conflict between history and present situation, ideal and reality. This kind of ups and downs makes readers feel real, and in a sense, it can also cause readers to think. Generally speaking, this word is magnificent, rich in style, singing high into the clouds, and its grand realm is unprecedented. The whole article is carefully chosen, but it is also lined with harmonious sentences. Handsome generals and young beautiful women set each other off as an interest, and the thoughts of lofty sentiments and super-broad feelings overlap and turn, making the village harmonious and straight. Especially for the first time, he created a hero image with unprecedented boldness of vision and artistic strength, revealed the author's feelings of being willing to serve the country and being willing to pay, and opened up a new way to express important social themes with ci, which had great influence. According to Yu Wenbao's record of blowing swords, some people thought that this word must have been sung by a big man from Kansai with a copper pipa and an iron rake. Although they are limited by traditional ideas, they can't help sneering at the new style of Dongpo's ci, but on the other hand, it also shows that the appearance of this word has really had a deafening impact on the ci circle in the Northern Song Dynasty, where the lingering sound is still prevalent. Well-known experts' evaluation of Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua is: Dongpo's "Gui He" is a masterpiece of ancient and modern times, with lofty meaning. ("Tales of Fishing Hidden Congs", Volume 59) Houshan's poetic remarks say: "Retreat and take literature as poetry, and Zi Zhan takes poetry as his word, just like teaching workshops to make thunder dance. Although extremely world-famous, it should be non-authentic. " What I said about Houshan was too much. Zi Zhan has the most beautiful words, but also outstanding at that time, such as "the river of no return, the waves wash away all the romantic figures through the ages." -Red Cliff Ci, ... All these ten words never wander between pen and ink, creating places that the ancients could not reach, which is really sighing. It is a big mistake to say that poetry is a word. Zi Zhan talks to himself, and he is not good at singing in life, so sometimes he will be out of tune, but it is not. Houshan dances better than Ambassador Si Lei in the teaching workshop. Why is it getting worse? (Volume 26, Stories of Hidden Forest after Fishing) Zeng Zhouzhai's poem: Dongpo's poem "The River of No Return", in which the cloud says: "Humanity is the Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms." Chen Mei said, "You don't have to go to the Three Kingdoms." Dongpo changed the cloud to "the same day". I wonder if Dongpo has changed it since the printed version has been published twice. Yuan Haowen asked "The Queen of Chibi Poetry": Dongpo's Chibi Ci was based on Zhou Lang. There are only more than a hundred words between the lines, but the characters in Jiangshan have no complicated meanings, which is perfect as the swan song of Yuefu. Yu Wenbao continued "Blowing Sword Record": Dongpo was in Yutang and had a good teacher. Because I asked, "What is my character like Liu Qi?" He replied: "Liu Langzhong had no choice but to marry 178 girls, hold the red fangs and sing' Yang Liuan's Xiao Feng can't hold the moon. The bachelor must be from Kansai, holding an iron plate and singing' River of No Return'. "Volkswagen was completely defeated. Su Huang's Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire: The title is homesickness, which means that you have exhausted your courage. The opening words "The River Never Returning" sigh for people that you and Zhou Lang are together. From the sentence of "old base area" to the sentence of "disappearing", Zhou Lang in Chibi is written. The sentence "Old Country" was folded by Zhou Lang for himself. The sentence "Life is like a dream" should be summarized in two sentences. In short, the topic is red cliff, and the heart is really for itself. Zhou Lang is the guest, and he is the host. Borrow the guest to set the master, and put the master in the guest. Whether it is the subject or the object, it is bizarre and changeable, and it is an idea that can be drawn after careful consideration. Don't just recite the words without knowing their meaning. Ding's "Listening to Qiusheng Pavilion Ci": Dongpo Chibi recites Nuwa Ci, which has been widely spread throughout the ages, but the tone of Pingwa sentence is not up to standard. The words were changed comprehensively and carefully. From the "Handwriting in the Valley" in Rong Zhai's essays, it is said: "The river that does not return, one person weighs the waves, and it is romantic through the ages. To the west of the old base, humanity is the red cliff of Sun Wu of the Three Kingdoms. Rocks and clouds collapsed, and stormy waves swept the coast, rolling up thousands of piles of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, disappeared into the smoke. My country is wandering, affectionate and laughing at me all my life. Life is like sending a letter, a month or a month. " Compared with him, the sound of the waves is heavy and the waves are rushing, and the clouds are sweeping the shore, and the elegance and vulgarity are different. Sun Wu not only became Zhou Lang, but also returned to Gong Jin. However, talking and laughing is still wrong, life is alive and human nature. At the beginning of Joe's marriage, it was said that Ann's subordinates were very United. There are many works in the second and third sentences in the second half of Song Ci, and Nian Nujiao has more than one rhyme, so it seems unnecessary to compare them. It is extremely absurd to take this word as an exception. (Listen to Qiu Ge, Volume XIII) Author's brief introduction Su Shi (1037 ~11kloc-0/), a writer in the Song Dynasty. The word Zi Zhan, the word He Zhong, the number Dongpo lay man. Meizhou Meishan (now Sichuan) people. Su Xun's eldest son. 1057 (the second year of Jiayou) Jinshi. In addition to the Chinese book Sheren, Hanlin Bachelor, Duanming Temple Bachelor, and the history of the Ministry of Rites. He was successively sentenced to Hangzhou, Zhimi, Xuzhou, Huzhou and Yingzhou. 1080 (Yuanfeng three years), Huangzhou was demoted by the new libel law. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. Song Huizong, forgive me. Died in Changzhou. Chasing Wenzhong. He is knowledgeable, versatile and good at writing, engineering poetry and calligraphy. Yu Ci is "uninhibited and uninhibited, and doesn't like to cut and follow the rhythm", with rich themes and broad artistic conception. He broke through the traditional barrier of "Ci is a colorful subject" since the late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, and took poetry as his ci, which created an uninhibited school and had a great influence on later generations. Dongpo and Dongpo's Ci have seven episodes. Sushi statue