CPU is the abbreviation of "Central Processing Unit/ Central Processing Unit" in English. Generally speaking, CPU consists of logic operation unit, control unit and storage unit. The logic operation and control unit includes some registers, which are used to temporarily store data during the processing of data by the CPU.
In fact, when we buy a CPU, we don't need to know its structure, just need to know its performance.
The main performance indicators of CPU are:
The main frequency is the CPU clock speed. This is our greatest concern. When we say 233,300, etc. We are serious. Generally speaking, the higher the main frequency, the faster the CPU and the higher the whole machine.
Clock frequency is the external clock frequency of CPU, which is provided by the computer motherboard. It used to be 66MHz, and some motherboards supported 75 MHz and 83MHz respectively. At present, Intel's latest chipset BX uses the clock frequency of 100MHz. In addition, some non-Intel chipsets, such as MVP3 and MVP4 of VIA, also began to support the external frequency of 100MHz. The BX motherboards of elite companies can even support the external frequency of 133MHz, which is the first choice for overclockers.
Internal cache (L 1 Cache): a cache encapsulated in a CPU chip, which is used to temporarily store some instructions and data during CPU operation. The access speed is consistent with the main frequency of CPU, and the capacity unit of L 1 cache is generally KB. The larger the cache of L 1, what will happen when the CPU is working and accessing? The fewer data exchanges between Peptone 2 cache and memory, the faster the operation can be compared with computers.
L2 cache: cache outside the CPU, Pentium.
L2 and Pro processors have the same CPU running frequency, but the cost is expensive, so Pentium II runs at half the CPU frequency and has a capacity of 5 12K. In order to reduce the cost, Inter Company produced an L2-free CPU named Celeron, which has good performance and is very suitable for overclocking.
MMX technology is the abbreviation of "Multimedia Extended Instruction Set". MMX is a new technology adopted by Intel in 1996, which is used to enhance the application of Pentium CPU in audio, video, graphics and communication. Adding 57 MMX instructions to the CPU, in addition to adding MMX instructions to the instruction set, the L 1 cache in the CPU chip is increased from the original 16KB to 32KB( 16K instruction+16K data), so the multimedia processing capacity of MMX CPU is improved by 60 compared with that of ordinary CPU. At present, CPU basically has MMX technology, besides P55C and Pentium II CPU, there are K6, K6 3D, MII and so on.
Manufacturing technology: Now the manufacturing technology of CPU is 0.35 micron, the latest PII can reach 0.28 micron, and the future CPU manufacturing technology can reach 0. 18 micron.
CPU manufacturer
1. Intel Corporation
Intel is the big brother of CPU production, accounting for more than 80% of the market share. The CPU produced by Intel has become the de facto technical specification and standard of x86CPU. The latest PII has become the first choice for CPU.
2.AMD Company
At present, CPU products of several companies are in use. Besides Intel, AMD is the most powerful challenge. The latest K6 and K6-2 both have good cost performance, especially K6-2 adopts 3DNOW technology, which makes it perform well in 3D.
3.IBM and Cyrix
After the merger of IBM and Cyrix, the American national semiconductor company, it finally has its own chip production line, and the finished products will be increasingly perfect and complete. Now the performance of MII is very good, especially its price is very low.
4.IDT company
IDT is a rising star of processor manufacturers, but it is still immature.